Update 9-10-12 Cynthia Goldberg
Abbreviations,
Acronyms
and Initials
Abbreviations, Acronyms and Initials
acronyms Use acronyms only when they make your writing easier for the reader to understand. It is usually
acceptable to use acronyms on second reference, after the full name has been used on first reference.
Examples: Use “Louisiana Association of Business and Industry” on first reference and LABI on second reference.
Use “Health savings account” on first reference and HSA on second reference.
administrator Never abbreviate. Capitalize only when used as a formal title before a name.
BCBSLA Acceptable to abbreviate in all internal documents. Use sparingly on second reference in external documents
for the benefit of the reader – initials “stop” a reader’s momentum. For the sake of consistency, never use “BCBSL.”
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana In internal documents, it is acceptable to use BCBSLA,
Blue Cross or “the company” on second reference. In documents that will be distributed outside the company, use
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana on first reference. Blue Cross is acceptable on any subsequent references.
Also see the entry for HMO Louisiana, Inc.
CMS Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services; the federal agency that administers Medicare and Medicaid.
Acceptable in all internal documents and on second reference in external documents.
CPT-4 CPT stands for “Current Procedural Terminology” — the most widely accepted system of codes for medical
procedures, used in claims and billing. CPT or CPT-4 is acceptable in internal documents and letters to providers.
COBRA Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act. COBRA is acceptable on all references.
Coordination of Benefits COB is acceptable on second reference for internal documents.
For external documents, spell out.
CT scan Computerized tomography, a medical imaging process — formerly known as a CAT scan.
DOI Louisiana Department of Insurance. Acceptable in all internal documents and on second reference in external
documents. Sometimes abbreviated as LDOI.
DOS Date of Service. Acceptable internally on second reference.
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eBLUE
The company’s secure online information portal for producers.
EIM Enterprise Information Management, the formal name for our electronic system of processing producer
commissions. EIM is acceptable on all references.
EOB Explanation of Benefits. EOB is acceptable on second reference and in internal documents.
eROC Nickname for the company’s project to replace our core computer system (eROC is “core” spelled backward)
with a new system (see Facets). Acceptable in internal documents only.
Explanation of Benefits EOB is acceptable on internal documents and on second reference in external documents.
Express Scripts, Inc. ESI is acceptable in internal documents and on second reference in any document.
Facets The name of the new health plan administration software being implemented as our core computer system.
Informally known as “eROC.”
Federal Employee Program FEP is acceptable on internal documents and on second reference in any document.
HMO Health Maintenance Organization. HMO is acceptable on all references. The plural form does not contain an
apostrophe: e.g., HMOs.
HMOLA An abbreviation for our wholly owned subsidiary, HMO Louisiana, Inc. HMO Louisiana is acceptable on
second reference. HMOLA should only be used internally.
HIPAA Health Information Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. HIPAA is acceptable on all references.
Health Savings Account HSA is acceptable on second reference and on internal documents.
iLinkBLUE The company’s secure electronic portal for providers to use in submitting claims and requesting information.
Louisiana Do not abbreviate Louisiana in text, except in a newsletter or press release.
• In newsletters and press releases, La. is the correct abbreviation.
• In mailing addresses, LA is the correct abbreviation.
LTC Long-term care. Acceptable on second reference.
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M.D./D.D.S. Abbreviations accepted. The periods are required. Other professional designations such as CPA (certified
public accountant) and CLU (certified life underwriter) do not contain periods when they are used without other academic
degrees. If used in conjunction with other academic degrees, they do contain periods.
Examples: Gregory House, M.D., is a brilliant doctor.
Richard Atkins, D.D.S., is a member of the Blue Cross Board of Directors.
Our executive vice president is a CPA.
This is a job for John Doe, M.D., C.P.A.
OK Do not use “okay.” The variation “OK’d” is acceptable, but try to avoid awkward forms like “OK’ing” and “OK’s.”
Officers, Directors and Managers ODM is acceptable in internal documents.
percent Do not use the percent sign (%) in text; use the word “percent.” The “%” sign is acceptable in charts.
PHI Protected Health Information. PHI is acceptable on second reference. Plural form is PHIs (no apostrophe).
POS Point of Service. POS is acceptable on second reference. For plural form, use “POS plans” instead
of the awkward “POSes.”
PPO Preferred Provider Organization. PPO is acceptable on all references. The plural form does not contain
an apostrophe: e.g., PPOs.
Schedule of Benefits SOB is acceptable on internal documents only. Spell out in external documents to avoid
the “double meaning” of “SOB.” Another acceptable alternative is SB.
Streets and addresses Abbreviate street designations only if used with a numeric address.
Boulevard becomes Blvd., Street becomes St., Lane becomes Ln.
Examples: North Boulevard — 445 North Blvd.
TEFRA A provision of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 that allows states to extend
Medicaid coverage to certain disabled children. TEFRA is acceptable on all references.
TRICARE The health insurance program for members of the Uniformed Services and their families in the
civilian community. (Replaced CHAMPUS in 1997.)
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United States, U.S. Spell it out as a noun; abbreviate as an adjective.
Examples: Sales in the United States have exceeded expectations.
U.S. sales have exceeded expectations.
URAC Utilization Review Accreditation Commission. URAC is acceptable on all references.
VIP Variable Income Plan. VIP is acceptable on second reference and when used internally.
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Capitalization
Capitalization
Capitalize the name of a department and the word “department” — e.g., Human Resources Department.
The word “Plan” is capitalized when referring to one or more Blue Cross and Blue Shield Plans.
Names of specific products are capitalized — e.g., BlueMax policy, BlueChoice 65 policy.
Medicare and Medicaid are always capitalized because they are the proper names of government programs.
(The word “supplement” is not capitalized.)
Capitalize titles when they come before a name, but not when they come after the name.
Examples: John Smith, president and chief executive officer
President and Chief Executive Officer John Smith
Managed care terms such as primary care physician, point of service, etc. should not be capitalized. Initials should be
capitalized (PCP, POS, HMO, etc.). See previous chapter for more on acronyms and initials.
agent Lowercase.
Board of Directors Capitalize when referring to the Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana Board of Directors,
but not when referring to the board of directors of any other company.
Caesarean section preferred on all references. The alternative “cesarean” is acceptable but not preferred.
Avoid the nickname “C-section.”
District Office(s) Always capitalize when referring specifically to BCBSLA’s District Offices.
Also applies to “Regional Offices.”
eBLUE The company’s secure online information portal for producers.
e-mail Lowercase “e” (unless it is the first word of a sentence: e.g., “E-mail is the preferred method of
communication…”)
ePrescribing or ePrescriptions program No hyphen. Lowercase “e” and capitalize the “P.”
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eROC Nickname for the company’s project to replace our core computer system with a new system (see Facets).
Acceptable in internal documents only.
Facets The name of the new health plan administration software being implemented as our core computer system.
Informally known as “eROC.”
federal Lowercase when used to distinguish something from city, state, national: e.g., federal assistance,
federal jurisdiction. Words such as “local,” “state” and “national” should not be capitalized unless they are part
of the official name of a program.
iLinkBLUE The company’s secure electronic portal for providers to use in submitting claims and requesting information.
months Capitalize the names of months in all uses. The names of months should be spelled out when used alone or
with a year only. They should be abbreviated when a date is given.
Examples: January 2009
Jan. 21, 2009
Jan. 21
State Capitol Capitalize (and spell with an “o”) only when referring to the building.
Examples: Baton Rouge is the state capital.
Our State Capitol was built by Huey Long.
trueBlue Note the lowercase “t” at the beginning of this product name.
website Do not capitalize; one word; no hyphen.
X-ray The “X” is always capitalized, and the word is hyphenated.
Example: How much does the clinic charge for an X-ray?
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General Usage
General Usage
affect, effect
Affect, used as a verb, means “to influence.”
Example: The testing will affect his final grade.
Note:
Many writers use the word impact as a verb in place of affect, as in the sentence,
“The economy will impact our company.” This is incorrect and should be avoided. It is correct to write,
“The economy will have an impact on our company” or “The economy will affect our company.”
Effect, used as a verb, means “to cause.”
Example: He will effect many changes in the company.
Effect, used as a noun, means “result.”
Example: This law will have little effect.
amid Not amidst.
among, between Between introduces two items. Among introduces more than two.
Examples: The candy was divided between Joe and Jim.
The money was divided among the three students.
Baton Rougeans residents of Baton Rouge.
biweekly Means every other week. Semiweekly means twice a week.
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana Note the word “and,” which is always included when writing
our company name in text. Blue Cross is acceptable on second reference.
Board of Directors Capitalize when referring to the Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana Board of Directors,
but not when referring to the board of directors of any other company.
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bullet points If bullet points complete a sentence, they should:
• begin with active verbs
• not be capitalized
• not use any punctuation at the end of the item, except for the last item, which should end with a period.
If bullet points contain items that do not complete a sentence but simply serve as a list, they should not be
capitalized or punctuated.
Example:
• effective date of contract
• waiting periods
• pre-existing conditions
• patient’s eligibility for benefits
If each bullet point contains a complete sentence, each point should begin with a capital letter and end with a period:
Example:
These benefits have been terminated for the following reasons:
• The subscriber refused services.
• Benefits have been exhausted.
Caesarean section preferred on all references. The alternative “cesarean” is acceptable but not preferred.
Avoid the nickname “C-section.”
capital, capitol The word “capital” when used in financial documents can mean money, but it is more commonly
used to mean the principal city in a state. It does not have to be capitalized. Do capitalize (and spell with an “o”) when
referring to the building.
Examples: Baton Rouge is the state capital.
Our State Capitol was built by Huey Long.
citywide Not hyphenated.
currently, presently Should not be used interchangeably. Currently means “right now,” while presently means
“coming up next.” It is not correct to say, “He doesn’t like his present job” – use current.
Examples: We’re currently on track to have a great year.
We’ll get to Chapter Two presently.
dependent Used as a noun and adjective. Not dependant.
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drugs Because the word drugs has come to be used in recent years as a synonym for narcotics,
medicine, medications or prescriptions are preferred alternatives.
e-mail Company style for abbreviating “electronic mail.” At the beginning of a sentence,
capitalize the “E” only: e.g., E-mail.
ensure, insure Use ensure to mean “guarantee.” Use insure for references to insurance.
Examples: Steps were taken to ensure accuracy.
The policy insures his life.
entitled Refers to a right to do or have something. Do not use it to mean “title” or “name of.”
Example: She was entitled to the benefits.
fewer, less Use fewer when referring to individual items. Use less when referring to bulk or quantity.
Examples: Humana has fewer members than Blue Cross.
This brochure contains less information than that one.
healthcare Always one word.
home page See also website.
impact See also affect, effect.
When used as a verb, impact means “to drive, collide with or pack in.”
Example:
A vast crowd impacted St. Peter’s Square.
When used as a noun, impact means “an effect” or “an influence.”
Example: The economy will have an impact on our company.
liaison Commonly misspelled – note the second “i.”
long-term care Correct for general usage. In second reference, LTC is acceptable.
Louisiana Do not abbreviate “Louisiana” in text, except in a newsletter or press release.
• In newsletters and press releases, La. is the correct abbreviation.
• In mailing addresses, LA is the correct abbreviation.
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Louisianian(s) This is our company style for spelling the word for a resident of Louisiana. Although marked as incorrect
by the spell check in Microsoft Word and Outlook, it is preferred over “Louisianans.”
Medicare supplement policy Not supplemental. “Supplement” is not capitalized.
midnight Stands alone when referring to time. Do not place a “12” in front of it. See also noon.
more than See entry for over.
nationwide Not hyphenated.
nonprofit Not hyphenated; one word. Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana should be described as a nonprofit, fully
taxed mutual insurer — which means the company is owned by our policyholders.
noon Stands alone. Do not place a “12” in front of it. See also midnight.
Examples: The movie starts at noon.
The plane lands at 12 p.m.
numerals Spell out numbers nine and below. Use the numeral for 10 and higher, except when used at the beginning
of a sentence. Always use the numeral when referring to time of day, percentages, age and money.
Examples: She has worked here two years. He has been here 11 years.
She has a 2-year-old daughter.
Meet us at 2 p.m.
There will be a 2 percent discount on food and a 20 percent discount on clothing.
OK Do not use “okay.” The variation “OK’d” is acceptable, but try to avoid awkward forms like “OK’ing” and “OK’s.”
over Refers to position or a spatial relationship. “Over” may be used with ages, as in “She is over 30.”
But, it is strongly suggested that “more than” be used when referring to numbers.
Examples: The plane flew over the house.
We paid more than $200 for the plane tickets.
Pap test Or Pap smear. Screening test for cervical cancer, named after its inventor, a doctor named Papanicolaou.
Acceptable on all references.
payor Preferred over “payer,” although both forms are considered acceptable.
percent One word. Do not use the % symbol except in charts.
per diem Two words.
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refer, reference Use “refer” as a verb and “reference” as a noun.
Examples: Tell the customer to refer to his contract.
I’m referring to page two in your booklet.
The contract includes a reference to prescription drug coverage.
state Do not capitalize “state” when used as an adjective to specify a level of jurisdiction, such as
“state Rep. Waddell” or “state funds.” Lowercase in all “state of” constructions, such as the “state of Louisiana” or
the “states of Florida and Illinois.”
state of Louisiana
statute of limitations
statewide Not hyphenated.
That, which Limit the use of the subordinating conjunction “that.” Often it is unnecessary; in the following sentence,
“that” could be eliminated: He found it very difficult to admit that he was wrong.
Many people are confused by how to use “that” vs. “which,” but the rule is actually simple:
•
Use “which” plus commas to set off a nonrestrictive clause; that is, a clause that is not needed for the sentence
to make sense.
•
Use “that” (with no comma) to introduce a restrictive clause.
Examples: Pizza, which is a favorite among Chicagoans, can be either bad for you or good, depending on how
much of it you eat. (Remove “which is a favorite…” and the sentence is still true.)
Pizza that’s less than an inch deep just isn’t Chicago style. (Remove “that’s less than an inch deep,”
and the sentence no longer makes sense.)
toward Not “towards.”
vendor Not “vender.”
website links When describing how to navigate to a specific page or area of our website, do not use any extra
punctuation or emphasis. Capitalize words exactly as they are capitalized on the site itself.
Examples: Visit www.bcbsla.com and click on Community, then Angel Award.
Login to AccessBlue, then click on Review claims.
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Insurance
and
Internal Terms
Insurance and Internal Terms
2 Step 4 Kids The name of Blue Cross’ age-appropriate wellness website for children ages 5 to 12, located at
www.2Step4Kids.com. See also Louisiana 2 Step.
AccessBlue The company’s secure, online self-service tool for customers, employers, providers and producers.
Accidental Death & Dismemberment AD&D is acceptable on second reference and internal documents.
Accidental Injury Endorsement AIE is acceptable on second reference and internal documents.
Angel Award ® A signature program of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana Foundation, this annual
program recognizes people who do outstanding volunteer work on behalf of Louisiana children. The registration mark (®)
is required in titles or headlines and on first reference in text.
BlueCard ® The Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association’s program that allows members to take their benefits with them
out of state and out of the country. The registration mark is required in titles or headlines and on first reference in text.
BlueChoice 65 The name of our Medicare supplement product.
Blue Cross’ (possessive) — Form the possessive of Blue Cross by adding only an apostrophe, not an apostrophe plus “s.”
BlueSelect ® The registration mark is required in titles or headlines and on first reference in text.
copayment Not “co-payment.” Preferred over the abbreviation “co-pay.”
dependent Used as a noun and adjective. Not dependant.
District Office(s) Always capitalize when referring specifically to BCBSLA’s District Offices.
Also applies to “Regional Offices.”
eBLUE The company’s secure online information portal for producers.
EIM Enterprise Incentive Management, the formal name for our electronic system of processing commissions.
EIM is acceptable in all references.
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eROC Nickname for the company’s project to replace our core computer system with a new system (see Facets).
Acceptable in internal documents only.
Explanation of Benefits EOB is acceptable in internal documents.
Express Scripts, Inc. ESI is acceptable in internal documents and on second reference in any document.
Facets The name of the new health plan administration software being implemented as our core computer system.
Informally known as “eROC.”
Health Savings Account HSA is acceptable on second reference and in internal documents.
HMOLA An abbreviation for our wholly owned subsidiary, HMO Louisiana, Inc. HMO Louisiana is acceptable
on second reference. HMOLA should only be used internally.
HMO POS An abbreviation for HMO Louisiana’s POS (point of service) plan. “HMO POS” should only be used
internally. For outside documents, use “HMO Louisiana’s POS plan.”
iLinkBLUE The company’s secure electronic portal for providers to use in submitting claims and requesting information.
long-term care Correct for general usage. LTC is acceptable in internal documents.
long-term disability LTD is acceptable on second reference and in internal documents.
Louisiana 2 Step The name of Blue Cross’ statewide wellness program and website located at
www.Louisiana2Step.com. See also 2 Step 4 Kids.
Louisiana Health Service & Indemnity Company The “official” incorporated name of the company doing
business as Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana. LHSIC is acceptable on second reference.
Medicaid
Medicare
Medicare Part D The federal government’s Medicare prescription drug coverage program. Blue Cross’ Medicare Part D
product is called RxBLUE.
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Medicare supplement policies
Note that “supplement” is not capitalized. Do not use “supplemental.”
MySmart$aver The name of the Bancorp Bank’s health savings account (HSA) designed to go along with the BlueSaver
high-deductible insurance plan. Note the dollar sign used in place of the second “S” in “MySmart$aver.”
nonprofit Not hyphenated; one word. Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana should be described as a nonprofit, fully
taxed mutual insurer — which means the company is owned by our policyholders.
Officers, Directors and Managers ODM is acceptable for internal use.
Officers, Directors, Managers and Supervisors ODMS is acceptable for internal use.
our Medical Review staff Note capitalization.
outpatient services No hyphen necessary.
out-of-area benefits
policyholder One word; no hyphen.
pre-certification
preferred provider
preferred provider organization Also PPO.
primary care physician Also PCP.
primary insurance carrier’s payment
product names In general, product names are one word (there are exceptions), with any word other than “Blue”
in italics. The following represents the correct spelling, punctuation and style for specific product names:
AdvantageBlue
BlueChoice 65
BlueChoice 65 Select
BlueMax
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BlueSaver
BlueSelect® – the registration mark is required
BlueSense
BlueValue
Cancer & Serious Disease Policy
Employee’s Choice
GroupCare
HMO
Point of Service – three words; no italics
PremierBlue – no italics
RxBLUE
trueBlue
Variable Income Plan (VIP)
room and board No hyphens are required.
short-term disability STD is acceptable on second reference.
Smart Bodies A signature program of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Louisiana Foundation, this program
to fight childhood obesity is coordinated by the LSU AgCenter. Two words.
TRICARE The health insurance program for members of the Uniformed Services and their families in the civilian
community. (Replaced CHAMPUS in 1997.)
usual, customary and reasonable allowance (UCR)
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Punctuation
Punctuation
all- Use a hyphen.
Examples: all-around (not “all-round”)
all-clear
all-star
anti- Hyphenate the following words.
Many of the following are exceptions to
Webster’s New World Dictionary.
anti-aircraft
anti-bias
anti-intellectual
anti-labor
anti-social
anti-war
Do not hyphenate the following words,
which have specific meanings of their own:
antibiotic
antibody
anticlimax
antidote
antigen
antihistamine
antimony
antiseptic
antiserum
antithesis
antitoxin
antitrust
antitussive
brackets vs. parentheses When you are clarifying or
explaining a phrase in a sentence by adding words, they
belong in brackets [ ], not parentheses ( ).
colon (:) Most frequently used at the end of a sentence
to introduce lists, tables, bullet points, text and other
items. When a colon is used within a sentence, the first
word following the colon is lowercased unless it is
a proper name.
Example: The study involves three food types: cereals, fruits and fats.
When a colon introduces two or more sentences, or when
it introduces a speech in dialogue or an extract, the first
word following the colon is capitalized.
Example: Henrietta was faced with a choice:
Should she reveal what was in the letter? Or should she remain silent?
comma Used to separate items in a series. Do not,
however, use a comma before a conjunction (and/but/or)
in a simple series.
Example: The American flag is red, white and blue.
dis- In general, no hyphen is used.
Examples: dismember
dissemble
disservice
dissuade
down- In general, no hyphen is used.
Examples: downgrade
downtown
-down All nouns and/or adjectives.
Examples: breakdown
countdown (The countdown began
shortly before midnight.)
rundown
sit-down (They hosted a sit-down dinner.)
ePrescribing or ePrescriptions program No hyphen.
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extra- Do not use a hyphen when “extra” means
“outside of,” unless the prefix is followed by a word
beginning with a capital letter or with the letter “a.”
Examples: extralegal
extramarital
extraterrestrial
extra-alimentary
Hyphenate words with the suffix “-elect”
(e.g., president-elect).
Follow “extra-” with a hyphen when it is part of
a compound modifier describing a condition beyond
the usual size, extent or degree:
Examples: extra-base hit
extra-dry drink
extra-large bowl
Example:
hyphen Used to avoid ambiguity. Hyphenate two or
more words serving as a single adjective before a noun.
Examples: continued-stay review
25-year-old woman
first-place winner
above-referenced claim
long-term therapy
toll-free hotline
get-it-done attitude
a two-and-a-half-hour trip
But: We’ll be there in two and a half hours
Hyphenate words with the prefixes ex-, self- or all-.
Do not hyphenate most words with the prefix “re-.”
The hyphen should be used only when needed to
separate two “e”s or to avoid confusion.
Examples: resubmit
reuse
reintroduce
re-elect
re-cover (as in “Re-cover the chair,” to avoid confusion with the word recover, as in
“We believe the patient will recover.”)
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re-creation (as in “We saw an excellent re-creation of The Last Supper,” to avoid confusion with recreation, as in “Bowling is my favorite form of recreation.”)
Hyphenate between a prefix and capitalized word
(e.g., non-Biblical).
Hyphenate spelled-out fractions only when they are
used to modify another word or phrase.
The council needed a two-thirds majority
to pass the resolution.
But: One fourth of all Louisianians have
Blue Cross insurance.
Hyphenate the following words:
co-pay (but not “copayment”)
pre-admit
pre-approve
pre-authorization
pre-certification
pre-certify
pre-establish
pre-exempt
pre-exist
pre-pay
well-being
Do not hyphenate the following words:
coinsurance
copayment
coworker
healthcare
inpatient
managed care
Medicare crossover claim
outpatient
policyholder
preadmission
prearranged
preauthorized
preclinical
Do not hyphenate the following words: (continued)
preoperative
prepaid
prepayment
preservice
pretest
Hyphenate words that express a unit or words used
to avoid ambiguity.
Examples: accident-related
all-inclusive
co-occurrence
co-organizer
co-owner
cost-effective
cost-efficiency
cost-efficient
e-mail
in-house (e.g., “Print jobs will now
be handled in-house.”)
hospital-based
re-sign the claim (to distinguish from
“resign”, as in “He resigned from the Board of Directors.”)
time-sensitive
Do not use a hyphen to join an adverb ending in “-ly”
to another word.
Examples: a radically different approach
quickly processed
phone numbers Our company style is to separate
phone numbers with periods.
Examples: 225.295.3307, 800.495.BLUE (2583)
policyholder No hyphen.
quotation marks Use quotation marks for titles of
articles in magazines, short stories and essays. Use italics
for titles of periodicals, books, manuals and newspapers.
Examples: I read an article in Insurance News Weekly
called “What Healthcare Reform Means to
Our Industry.”
Did you see the article in the Advocate?
quotation marks with other punctuation
The ending period and comma always appear inside
the quotation marks.
Example: She said, “Your coverage will take effect
on Jan. 1.”
The ending colon and semi-colon appear outside the
quotation marks.
Example:
I was asked to state my “name and
serial number”; I have no serial number.
John said, “I have three items: milk, eggs
and cheese.”
The dash, question mark and exclamation mark
appear in the quotation marks if they apply only to the
quoted matter.
Examples: He asked, “Who is in charge?”
Did he say, “So help me God”?
well-being Hyphen is preferred.
who’s and whose “Who’s” is a contraction of “who is.”
The word “whose” is a possessive pronoun.
Examples: Can you tell me whose raincoat this is?
It belongs to Dr. Atkins, who’s a member
of our Board of Directors.
workers’ compensation not “worker’s compensation.”
Lowercase except when used as part of the proper name
“Louisiana Workers’ Compensation Commission.”
X-ray Always hyphenate “X-ray” and capitalize the
“X” in all instances.
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