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Torshälla, Skogstorp, Kjula and other conurbations 10 282 2.8 18 Strängnäs rural area incl. Stallarholmen 2 775 2.8 19 Läggesta, Mariefred rural area 690 Total 2.9 7RWDO 250250500 2 3952 3953 000 1 in the survey area delimited by postal code areas according to appendix 1. 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ZRUN DW ZDONLQJ GLVWDQFH IURP WKH FHQWUH LV WKH ORFDWLRQRI0lODUKRVSLWDOLQWKHNPIURPWKHFHQWUH]RQH ,Q 6WUlQJQlV DQG 1\N|SLQJ PRVW RI WKH WRZQ LV ZLWKLQ D UDGLXV RI NP IURP WKH FHQWUH RI WKH FRQXUEDWLRQ DQG FDQ WKXV EH UHDFKHG RQ IRRWDQGE\ELF\FOHIRUORFDOMRXUQH\VcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNDQG0DULHIUHG DUH VPDOO FRQXUEDWLRQV EXW WKH VKDUHG UDLOZD\ VWDWLRQ DW /lJJHVWD FDQ RQO\EHUHDFKHGE\FRQQHFWLQJMRXUQH\ 3RSXODWLRQ 7KH SRSXODWLRQV RI WKH PXQLFLSDOLWLHV DORQJ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH LQ DUHVKRZQLQWKHWDEOHEHORZ 3RSXODWLRQRIWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHVRQ'HFHPEHU 0XQLFLSDOLW\ 3RSXODWLRQ &KDQJHVLQFH 'HFHPEHU Eskilstuna 90 089 +1.9% Strängnäs 30 015 +1.4% Nykvarn 8 204 +1.9% Södertälje 79 613 +2.2% Nyköping 49 310 +0.5% Source: SCB 7KH SRSXODWLRQ KDV LQFUHDVHG LQ DOO WKH PXQLFLSDOLWLHV RYHU WKH SDVW \HDU,Q(VNLOVWXQDVHYHUDO\HDUV·GRZQZDUGWUHQGKDVEHHQUHYHUVHG 7KHSRSXODWLRQRIWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHVLVIROORZHGXSHYHU\VL[PRQWKV E\ 6&% 6WDWLVWLFV 6ZHGHQ DQG WKH FRQXUEDWLRQV DUH GHOLPLWHG DQG D FHQVXVWDNHQHYHU\ILYH\HDUV 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&KDQJH Eskilstuna municipality (VNLOVWXQD 89 765 89 425 88 408 -1.5% Strängnäs municipality 6WUlQJQlV 0DULHIUHG cNHUVVW\FNHEUXN 26 835 28 669 29 610 +10.3% Nykvarn municipality 1\NYDUQ 6 897 7 438 8 052 +16.7% Södertälje municipality 6|GHUWlOMH 74 889 74 917 77 882 +4.0% 6WRFNKROPFRQXUE 47 481 48 737 49 063 +3.3% Municipality &RQXUEDWLRQ 1 3 Nyköping municipality 1\N|SLQJ Source: SCB. Delimitation of conurbations follows SCB’s praxis; at least 200 people and at most 200 m between the buildings in a continuous built-up area 1 For 1990 and 1995 Nykvarn municipal district in Södertälje municipality; for 2000, Nykvarn municipality 2 The Stockholm conurbation includes continuous built-up areas in all or parts of the municipalities of Stockholm, Botkyrka, Danderyd, Haninge, Huddinge, Järfälla, Nacka, Sollentuna, Solna, Sundbyberg and Tyresö 3 Nyköping municipality’s present area, i.e. without Gnesta and Trosa municipalities 7KHSRSXODWLRQFKDQJHVRYHUWKHSHULRGIURPWRGHSHQG ODUJHO\ RQ SHRSOH PRYLQJ ,Q VRPH PXQLFLSDOLWLHV LQ JURZWK DUHDV IRU H[DPSOH 6|GHUWlOMH LQ WKH FRXQW\ RI 6WRFNKROP WKH QDWLYLW\ VXUSOXV H[FHVV RI ELUWKV RYHU GHDWKV LV JUHDWHU WKDQ WKH QHW PLJUDWLRQ VRPH \HDUV7KHPXQLFLSDOLWLHVVWXGLHGLQWKHFRXQW\RI6|GHUPDQODQGKRZ HYHU JHQHUDOO\ KDYH VPDOO SRVLWLYH RU RIWHQ QHJDWLYH QDWLYLW\ VXUSOXVHV LHPRUHSHRSOHGLHWKDQEDELHVDUHERUQ1HWPLJUDWLRQLVRIWHQODUJHU DQGIOXFWXDWHVPRUHDQGLVWKXVFULWLFDOIRUWKHVL]HRIWKHSRSXODWLRQ +HUHWKHUHIRUHPLJUDWLRQWRDQGIURPWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHVLVVWXGLHGDQG QDWLYLW\VXUSOXVHVDUHGLVUHJDUGHG 6WDWLVWLFV6ZHGHQ3RSXODWLRQVWDWLVWLFV The Svealand line 127 0LJUDWLRQ $QQXDOQHWPLJUDWLRQLQWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHV <HDU (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV 1\NYDUQ 6|GHUWlOMH 1\N|SLQJ 1991 -5.8‰ 24.1‰ -8.7‰ 1992 -0.9‰ 11.9‰ -6.6‰ 6.0‰ 1993 1.6‰ 14.7‰ -9.7‰ 4.7‰ 1994 -1.0‰ 4.3‰ -2.0‰ 6.5‰ 1995 -4.0‰ 0.4‰ -0.2‰ 0.7‰ 1996 -7.4‰ 3.8‰ -2.8‰ -0.9‰ 1.9‰ 1997 -3.2‰ 7.7‰ 12.7‰ -0.2‰ 6.7‰ 1998 -0.3‰ 6.8‰ 12.0‰ 3.8‰ 3.9‰ 1999 3.6‰ 6.4‰ 16.1‰ 7.5‰ 3.6‰ 2000 4.4‰ 11.3‰ 13.8‰ 13.0‰ 1.6‰ 2001 10.2‰ 6.3‰ 1.2‰ 9.2‰ 7.1‰ 1991-1995 -2.0‰ 11.0‰ -5.4‰ 3.6‰ 1996-2000 -0.6‰ 7.2‰ 10.4‰ 4.7‰ 3.5‰ 1998-2001 4.5‰ 7.7‰ 10.8‰ 8.4‰ 4.0‰ 0HDQ Source: SCB. Net migration is the difference between the number of people moving in and away per mil of the average population for the period 1 For 1996-1998 Nykvarn municipal district in Södertälje municipality. Nykvarn became a municipality in its own right on 1 January 1999, but has its own statistics since 1996 2 For 1991-1995 including Nykvarn municipal district 3 The statistics refer to Nyköping municipality after Gnesta and Trosa were detached on 1 January 1992 ,QQHWPLJUDWLRQLQ(VNLOVWXQDPXQLFLSDOLW\FKDQJHGIURPQHJD WLYHWRSRVLWLYHPRUHSHRSOHPRYHGLQWKDQRXWZKLFKUHVXOWHGLQDQ LQFUHDVH LQ SRSXODWLRQ $ FORVHU VWXG\ RI WKH VWDWLVWLFV VKRZV WKDW WKH LQFUHDVHLVUHDOO\LQWKHQXPEHURISHRSOHPRYLQJLQIURPLQ WRLQ7KH QXPEHUPRYLQJRXWRQ WKHRWKHUKDQGKDVUH PDLQHG FRQVWDQW DERXW SHRSOH D \HDU IURP WR 2YHU WKHSUHYLRXVILYH\HDUVWKHQXPEHURISHRSOHPRYLQJLQDQG RXWRIWKHPXQLFLSDOLW\YDULHGE\EHWZHHQDQGD\HDU 7KH QXPEHU RI SHRSOH PRYLQJ LQWR 6|GHUWlOMH PXQLFLSDOLW\ KDV LQ FUHDVHGHYHU\\HDURYHUWKHSHULRGIURPWREXWWKHQXPEHU RISHRSOHPRYLQJRXWKDVDOVRLQFUHDVHG7KHQXPEHUVPRYLQJLQDQG RXWRIWKHRWKHUPXQLFLSDOLWLHVLQWKHVWXG\KDYHIOXFWXDWHG 128 Introduction of regional high speed trains 1HWPLJUDWLRQLQ(VNLOVWXQD6WUlQJQlVDQG1\N|SLQJ 25 Per thousand population 7KH6YHDODQGOLQH RSHQV 20 15 Eskilstuna Strängnäs Nyköping 10 5 0 -5 -10 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1HWPLJUDWLRQQXPEHUPRYLQJLQPLQXVWKHQXPEHUPRYLQJRXWLQWKHPXQLFLSDOL WLHVSHUWKRXVDQGSRSXODWLRQIRUHDFK\HDU6RXUFH6&% %HWZHHQ DQG QHW PLJUDWLRQ UHDFKHG D PLQLPXP DURXQG LQ(VNLOVWXQD6WUlQJQlVDQG1\N|SLQJDIWHUZKLFKLWEHJDQ WR LQFUHDVH LQ (VNLOVWXQD DQG 6WUlQJQlV ZKHUH QHW PLJUDWLRQ KDV EHHQ SRVLWLYH VLQFH ,Q 1\N|SLQJ PHW PLJUDWLRQ KDV EHHQ VPDOOHU EXW UHOD WLYHO\VWDEOHGXULQJWKHZKROHRIWKHV 1HWPLJUDWLRQLQ6|GHUWlOMHDQG1\NYDUQPXQLFLSDOLWLHV 25 20 Per thousand population 7KH6YHDODQGOLQH RSHQV 15 10 Nykvarn Södertälje 5 0 -5 -10 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 1HWPLJUDWLRQQXPEHUPRYLQJLQPLQXVWKHQXPEHUPRYLQJRXWLQWKHPXQLFLSDOL WLHVSHUWKRXVDQGSRSXODWLRQIRUHDFK\HDU6RXUFH6&% The Svealand line 129 6LJQLILFDQWWUHQGVDUHWKHODUJHPLJUDWLRQVXUSOXVHVLQ6|GHUWlOMHDQG 1\NYDUQ DW WKH HQG RI WKH SHULRG IROORZLQJ GHILFLWV RI URXJKO\ WKH VDPHVL]HDWWKHEHJLQQLQJRIWKHV ,Q6WUlQJQlV6|GHUWlOMHDQG1\NYDUQPXQLFLSDOLWLHVDOOVKRZD VPDOOHU \HW VWLOO SRVLWLYH QHW PLJUDWLRQ ZKLOH (VNLOVWXQD DQG 1\N|SLQJ LQFUHDVH WKHLU SRVLWLYH QHW PLJUDWLRQ ,Q (VNLOVWXQD KDG D QHW PL JUDWLRQRIZKLFKLVLWVODUJHVWSRVLWLYHQHWPLJUDWLRQIRUWKHSHULRG 7KLVPHDQVWKDWWKHSRSXODWLRQRI(VNLOVWXQDPXQLFLSDOLW\LQFUHDVHGE\ DERXWGXULQJ *DLQIXOHPSOR\PHQW *DLQIXOO\HPSOR\HGQLJKWSRSXODWLRQLVWKHQXPEHURIJDLQIXOO\HP SOR\HG SHRSOH OLYLQJ LQ D PXQLFLSDOLW\ 7KH DYDLODEOH VWDWLVWLFV RQ JDLQ IXOO\HPSOR\HGQLJKWSRSXODWLRQ DUHQRUPDOO\JURXSHGE\PXQLFLSDOLW\ 7KH ERUGHU RI 1\N|SLQJ PXQLFLSDOLW\ KDYH FKDQJHG RYHU WKH SHULRG DQG QR FRPSDULVRQ LV SRVVLEOH EHWZHHQ DQG VLQFH WKH PX QLFLSDOLW\KDVQRVWDWLVWLFVIRUFRPSDUDEOHDUHDVIRUWKHILUVWPHQWLRQHG \HDU1\NYDUQPXQLFLSDOLW\LVHTXLYDOHQWWR1\NYDUQPXQLFLSDOGLVWULFWLQ 6|GHUWlOMHPXQLFLSDOLW\LQDQGZKLFKDOORZVDFRPSDULVRQWR EHPDGH 3RSXODWLRQDQGJDLQIXOHPSOR\PHQWLQWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHV 3RS 0XQLFLSDOLW\ *DLQIXOO\HPSOR\HGQLJKWSRSXODWLRQ ZRUNLQ ZRUNLQ 1RRI KRPH RWKHUPX SHRSOH PXQLFLSDO QLFLSDOLW\ /HYHORI HPSOR\ PHQW Eskilstuna 89 765 45 865 92% 8% 51% Strängnäs 2 835 13 811 69% 31% 51% 6 897 4 049 19% 81% 59% Nykvarn 1 Source: SCB. Figures for 31 December 1990 1 Nykvarn municipal district in Södertälje municipality 3RSXODWLRQDQGJDLQIXOHPSOR\PHQWLQWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHV 3RS 0XQLFLSDOLW\ *DLQIXOO\HPSOR\HGQLJKWSRSXODWLRQ ZRUNLQ ZRUNLQ 1RRI KRPH RWKHUPX SHRSOH PXQLFLSDO QLFLSDOLW\ /HYHORI HPSOR\ PHQW Eskilstuna 88 027 36 309 89% 11% 41% Strängnäs 29 161 12 883 64% 36% 44% 1 7 724 4 042 23% 77% 52% Nyköping 49 000 21 693 78% 22% 44% Nykvarn Source: SCB. Figures for 31 December 1998 1 Nykvarn municipal district in Södertälje municipality 130 Introduction of regional high speed trains 3RSXODWLRQDQGJDLQIXOHPSOR\PHQWLQWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHV 3RS *DLQIXOO\HPSOR\HGQLJKWSRSXODWLRQ ZRUNLQ ZRUNLQ 1RRI KRPH RWKHUPX SHRSOH PXQLFLSDO QLFLSDOLW\ 0XQLFLSDOLW\ /HYHORI HPSOR\ PHQW Eskilstuna 88 408 37 268 86% 14% 42% Strängnäs 29 610 13 652 63% 37% 46% Nykvarn 8 052 4 274 25% 75% 53% Nyköping 49 063 22 111 77% 23% 45% Source: SCB. Figures for 31 December 2000 7KHQLJKWSRSXODWLRQLVGLYLGHGLQWRWKHQXPEHURISHRSOHZKRZRUN LQWKHPXQLFLSDOLW\DQGWKHQXPEHUZKRFRPPXWHWRDQRWKHUPXQLFLSDO LW\ 7KHJDLQIXOO\HPSOR\HGQLJKWSRSXODWLRQGHFUHDVHGLQ(VNLOVWXQDDQG 6WUlQJQlVEHWZHHQDQGEXWZDVXQFKDQJHGLQ1\NYDUQ2QH UHDVRQIRUWKHVKDUSUHGXFWLRQLQ(VNLOVWXQDLVWKHVWUXFWXUDOWUDQVIRUPD WLRQDQGWKHUHFHVVLRQEHWZHHQDQGVHHGD\SRSXODWLRQEH ORZ2XWZDUGFRPPXWLQJLQFUHDVHGLQDOOWKHDUHDVVWXGLHGH[FHSW1\ NYDUQ &RPPRQ WR DOO WKUHH PXQLFLSDOLWLHV LV WKDW WKH OHYHO RI JDLQIXO HPSOR\PHQWIHOOE\SHUFHQWDJHSRLQWVRYHUWKHSHULRGIURPWR ,Q (VNLOVWXQD PXQLFLSDOLW\ LW IHOO IURP LQ WR LQ 7KHUHGXFWLRQZDVVPDOOHULQ6WUlQJQlVFRQXUEDWLRQSHUFHQWDJH SRLQWV$IWHUWKHGHJUHHRIHPSOR\PHQWURVHLQWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHV DORQJ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH EXW RQO\ SHUFHQWDJH SRLQWV XS WR WKH \HDU 2QHFOHDUWUHQGLVWKDWRXWZDUGFRPPXWLQJLVVORZO\LQFUHDVLQJLQ (VNLOVWXQDPXQLFLSDOLW\EXWLVGHFUHDVLQJLQ1\NYDUQ &KDQJHVLQJDLQIXOO\HPSOR\HGQLJKWSRSXODWLRQLQWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHV 1RRISHRSOH :RUNLQRWKHU /HYHORIHPSOR\ PXQLFLSDOLW\SHU PHQWSHUFHQWDJH FHQWDJHSRLQWV SRLQWV 0XQLFLSDOLW\ Eskilstuna -21% +3% +3 +3 -10 +1 Strängnäs -7% +6% +5 +1 -7 +2 1 0% +6% -4 -2 -7 +1 Nyköping - +2% - +1 - +1 Nykvarn Source: SCB 1 For 1990 and 1998 Nykvarn municipal district in Södertälje municipality The Svealand line 131 *DLQIXOO\HPSOR\HGGD\SRSXODWLRQLQWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHV 0XQLFLSDOLW\ *DLQIXOO\HPSOR\HGGD\SRSXODWLRQ &KDQJH Eskilstuna 46 312 36 340 36 579 -22% +1% Strängnäs 10 839 9 647 11 344 -11% +18% Nykvarn 1 1 291 1 470 1 758 +14% +20% Nyköping - 19 711 20 221 - +3% Source: SCB. Figures for 31 December 1 For 1990 and 1998 Nykvarn municipal district in Södertälje municipality *DLQIXOO\HPSOR\HGGD\SRSXODWLRQLVDQRWKHUZD\RIGHVFULELQJWKH QXPEHURIMREVLQDPXQLFLSDOLW\,QWKHFRXQWU\DVDZKROHWKHUHZDVD VXEVWDQWLDO GHFUHDVH LQ WKH QXPEHU RI JDLQIXOO\ HPSOR\HG SHRSOH EH WZHHQ DQG (VNLOVWXQD PXQLFLSDOLW\ ZDV RQH RI WKH PXQLFL SDOLWLHV KDUGHVW KLW E\ WKH RQJRLQJ VWUXFWXUDO WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ DQG WKH UHFHVVLRQ ,Q WKH FRXQWU\ DV D ZKROH WKH QXPEHU RI MREV IHOO E\ DERXW EHWZHHQDQG7KHQXPEHURIMREVLQ(VNLOVWXQDPX QLFLSDOLW\IHOOE\DERXWRYHUWKHVDPHSHULRGZKLFKFDQEHVHHQ LQWKHWDEOHLQWKHGLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQDQG7KHUHGXFWLRQLV HTXLYDOHQWWRRIWKHQXPEHURIMREVLQ &KDQJHLQQXPEHURIMREV 12 Percent 10 8 6 Nykvarn 4 Strängnäs 2 Eskilstuna 0 Nyköping -2 -4 -6 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 &KDQJHVLQFHSUHYLRXV\HDULQWKHQXPEHURIMREVLQWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHV6RXUFH6&% ,Q 6WUlQJQlV PXQLFLSDOLW\ WKH QXPEHU RI MREV IHOO E\ EHWZHHQ DQG,Q0DULHIUHGFRQXUEDWLRQWKHQXPEHURIMREVKDVULVHQ VKDUSO\E\RYHUWKHVDPHSHULRG7KHQXPEHURIMREVKDVDOVRLQ FUHDVHGLQ1\NYDUQPXQLFLSDOLW\ $WWKHHQGRIWKHVWKHHFRQRP\UHFRYHUHGDQGWKHQXPEHURI MREVLQFUHDVHGLQWKHDUHDDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH6WURQJJURZWKLVHV 6&%$UEHWVNUDIWVXQGHUV|NQLQJDUQD$.80DQSRZHUVXUYH\V 132 Introduction of regional high speed trains SHFLDOO\QRWLFHDEOHLQWKHPXQLFLSDOLWLHVRI6WUlQJQl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skilstuna 101% 100% 98% Strängnäs 78% 75% 83% 1 32% 36% 41% Nyköping - 91% 91% Nykvarn Source: SCB. 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(VNLOVWXQD DQG 6WRFNKROP LV H[FHSWIRUDPRUQLQJH[SUHVVWR6WRFNKROPZKLFKFRYHUVWKHGLVWDQFHLQ PLQXWHV The Svealand line 147 )URP 2FWREHU VHUYLFHV RQ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH ZHUH H[WHQGHG IURP (VNLOVWXQD WR gUHEUR DQG +DOOVEHUJ ZLWK DSSUR[LPDWHO\ HYHU\ VHFRQGWUDLQFRQWLQXLQJZHVWZDUG6LQFH-DQXDU\WKHWUDLQVDOVR UXQEHWZHHQ6WRFNKROPDQG8SSVDODYLD$UODQGDDLUSRUW 6-·VVXSSO\EHWZHHQ(VNLOVWXQDDQG6WRFNKROP <HDU 1RRIVHUYLFHV 7UDYHOOLQJWLPH )DUHVSULFHOHYHOV 2IZKLFK KUVPLQV QGFODVV 7RWDO EXV 6KRUWHVW $YHUDJH EDVLF /RZHVW +LJKHVW 1990 8 4 1:35 1:43 131 Skr 40 Skr 209 Skr 1991 8 3 1:41 1:48 162 Skr 49 Skr 259 Skr 1992 8 3 1:39 1:47 132 Skr 67 Skr 231 Skr 1993 8 3 1:38 1:46 119 Skr 42 Skr 209 Skr 1994 181 18 1:50 2:06 123 Skr 41 Skr 123 Skr 1995 1 19 19 1:40 2:04 120 Skr 40 Skr 120 Skr 1996 191 19 1:44 2:04 125 Skr 44 Skr 125 Skr 1997 1 19 1:49 2:04 135 Skr 47 Skr 135 Skr 1998 18 - 1:00 1:00 130 Skr 88 Skr 228 Skr 1999 18 - 1:00 1:00 129 Skr 88 Skr 232 Skr 2000 18 - 1:02 1:02 128 Skr 92 Skr 225 Skr 2001 18 - 1:02 1:02 125 Skr 90 Skr 250 Skr 2002 18 - 1:02 1:03 125 Skr 90 Skr 250 Skr 19 Compiled by G. Troche, KTH Data is for March each year 1 Not including scheduled trains from Eskilstuna to Stockholm. 1 upward train ran via Västerås, 2-7 trains entailed changing at Flen. The main supply during this period was bus services 1RWH WKDW WKH VXSSO\ WR WKH VWDWLRQV LQEHWZHHQ LV QRW WKH VDPH DV EHWZHHQ (VNLOVWXQD DQG 6WRFNKROP 7KH EXV VHUYLFHV KDYH DOZD\V UXQ YLD6WUlQJQlV7KHROGOLQHUDQYLDcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNZLWKDFRQQHFWLQJ EXVWR6WUlQJQlV+RZHYHURQO\VRPHRIWKHEXVHVEHWZHHQ(VNLOVWXQD DQG 6WRFNKROP GURYH LQ WR cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN 7KH QHZ UDLOZD\ UXQV WKURXJK6WUlQJQlVZLWKEXVFRQQHFWLRQVIURPWKHVWDWLRQVLQERWK/lJ JHVWDDQG6WUlQJQlVWRcNHUVVW\FNHEUXN 7KH IDUHV LQ WKH WDEOH EHORZ DUH WKH VHFRQG FODVV IDUHV 7KH WUDLQV DOVRKDYHILUVWFODVVVHDWVZKLFKDUHPDLQO\XVHGE\SDVVHQJHUVRQEXVL QHVVWULSV7KHEXVHVGLGQRWRIIHUWKLVSRVVLELOLW\VHHWKH´KLJKHVWIDUHµ FROXPQDERYH 148 Introduction of regional high speed trains 6-·VVXSSO\EHWZHHQ(VNLOVWXQDDQG6WRFNKROPVSULQJ WR6WRFNKROP&IURP Frequency Monday-Thursday (in each direction) Trav. time (hrs:mins) Bus Ordinary train Fare (Skr) student, single adult, single Monthly pass 1 (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV /lJJHVWD 1\NYDUQ %XV 18-19, 7UDLQ1 8-9 %XV21-23 %XV19-21 %XV9 1:45-2:25 1:50-2:20 1:15-2:00 - 1:00-1:30 - 0:50-1:05 - 75 110 2 000 65 90 1 885 50 70 1 580 35 50 1 275 Express via Västerås or change at Flen 6-·VVXSSO\RQWKH6YHDODQGOLQHVSULQJ WR6WRFNKROP&IURP (VNLOVWXQD Frequency Monday-Thursday (in each direction) +LJKVSHHG +LJKVSHHG +LJKVSHHG +LJKVSHHG WUDLQ18 WUDLQ18-19 WUDLQ18-19 WUDLQ18-19 Trav. time (hrs:mins) High speed train Fare (Skr) student, single adult, single Monthly pass 1 6WUlQJQlV /lJJHVWD 1\NYDUQ 1:00 0:47 0:39 0:30 85 125 2 200 65 95 2 075 55 75 1 740 40 60 1 0001 Includes monthly pass for local services in the county of Stockholm (on SL) 6-·VVXSSO\RQWKH6YHDODQGOLQHVSULQJ WR6WRFNKROP&IURP (VNLOVWXQD Frequency Monday-Thursday (in each direction) +LJKVSHHG +LJKVSHHG +LJKVSHHG +LJKVSHHG WUDLQ1 18 WUDLQ1 18 WUDLQ1 18 WUDLQ1 18 Trav. time (hrs:mins) High speed train 1 Fare (Skr) 2 student, single adult, single Monthly pass Monthly pass incl. SL 1:02 6WUlQJQlV 0:48 /lJJHVWD 0:39 1\NYDUQ 0:30 :LWK7L0SDVVIURPPDFKLQHRYHUWKHFRXQWHUWLFNHW 77 / 95 113 / 135 2 200 2 465 63 / 80 86 / 105 2 075 2 350 50 / 65 68 / 85 1 740 2 035 36 / 50 54 / 70 3 1 125 1 Certain services with locomotive and carriages (´ordinary train”), but with same timetable as for the high speed trains 2 Fares from 3 April 2000 3 TiM pass Stockholm The Svealand line 149 7LFNHWPDFKLQHVLQ(VNLOVWXQD 6-·VIDUHV 7KHIDUHVRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQHDUHVHWE\6-DFFRUGLQJWRPDUNHWSULQFL SOHV 7KH VWDUW RI VHUYLFHV RQ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH PHDQW WKDW 7L0 DOVR EHJDQ WKHLU RSHUDWLRQV 7LFNHW VDOHV DUH WKHUHIRUH GLYLGHG EHWZHHQ 6-·V WLFNHWV\VWHP3HWUDIRUORQJGLVWDQFHMRXUQH\VDQG7L0ZKRVHOOPRVW RI WKHLU WLFNHWV IURP PDFKLQHV IRU MRXUQH\V ZLWKLQ WKH 0lODUHQ YDOOH\ 'LVFRXQWVDUHDYDLODEOHIRUFKLOGUHQ\RXQJSHRSOHDQGVWXGHQWV7KHUH LVDOVRDPRQWKO\SDVVIRUFRPPXWHUV6-SUHYLRXVO\VROGPXOWLWULSWLFN HWV ERRNOHWV DW D GLVFRXQW IRU VHYHUDO MRXUQH\V LQ WKH 0lODUHQ YDOOH\ EXW WKHVH KDYH EHHQ VXSHUVHGHG E\ WKH 7L0 SDVV 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VORZHUDFFHOHUDWLRQ7KHORFRPRWLYHKDXOHGWUDLQVWKDWKDYHVXFFHVVLYHO\ UHSODFHGWKHKLJKVSHHGWUDLQVKDYHPRUHVHDWV 'HOD\V 7UDLQ VHUYLFHV RQ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH KDYH VXIIHUHG IURP IUHTXHQW GH OD\V7KHGHOD\VFDXVHLQFRQYHQLHQFHIRUSDVVHQJHUVDQGXQQHFHVVDU\ H[WUDFRVWVIRUWKH RSHUDWRU6-LQ DGGLWLRQWR KDYLQJ D QHJDWLYHHIIHFW RQ WKH WUDLQ VHUYLFHV· DWWUDFWLYHQHVV (DUOLHU UHVHDUFK KDV VKRZQ WKDW UHOLDELOLW\LVLPSRUWDQWLQWKHGHFLVLRQSURFHVVDQGWKDWSDVVHQJHUVYDOXH SXQFWXDOLW\KLJKO\ 1RWKDYLQJWRVXIIHUDGHWHULRUDWLRQIRUH[DP SOHDGHOD\LQDQH[LVWLQJVXSSO\LVYDOXHGPRUHKLJKO\WKDQDSRVVLEOH LPSURYHPHQWE\WKHVDPHDPRXQWRIWLPH$VWXG\RIWKHWLPHYDOXHV IRUFDUMRXUQH\VVKRZHGDSSUR[LPDWHO\GRXEOHYDOXHVIRUDGHOD\:LOO LQJQHVV 7R $FFHSW :7$ FRPSDUHG WR DQ HTXDOO\ ORQJ VKRUWHQLQJ RI 6-3UHVVUHOHDVH$SULO +HLQ]DQG/XQGEHUJXQSXEOLVKHG /LQGIHOGW .|QLJDQG$[KDXVHQ %DWHV3RODN-RQHVDQG&RRN The Svealand line 151 WUDYHOOLQJWLPH:LOOLQJQHVV7R3D\:733DVVHQJHUVFRXOGKRZHYHU DFFHSWPLQRUGHOD\VRIDIHZPLQXWHVZLWKRXWWKLVDIIHFWLQJWKHLUYDOXD WLRQ QHJDWLYHO\ DW OHDVW LQ WKH VKRUW WHUP %DQYHUNHW·V FDOFXODWLRQ JXLGHDOVRVKRZVDSSUR[LPDWHO\GRXEOHYDOXHVIRUOHQJWKRIGHOD\FRP SDUHGWRLQYHKLFOHWLPH 7KHH[WHQWRIWKHGHOD\VKDVYDULHGEHWZHHQGLIIHUHQWWLPHWDEOHSHUL RGVEXWDJHQHUDOREVHUYDWLRQLVWKDWWKHVHUYLFHVGLGQRWKDYHWKHGH VLUHGTXDOLW\GXULQJDQ\SHULRGRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQH6-·VGHOD\VVWDWLVWLFV IRU WKH SHULRG IURP 1RYHPEHU WR $SULO DUH VKRZQ EHORZ 7KHGHOD\VUHIHUWRWKHWUDLQV·DUULYDOWLPHDWWKHLUGHVWLQDWLRQ 'HOD\HGWUDLQV 1RRIWUDLQVUXQRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQH 1RYHPEHU$SULO On time (0 minutes) 3 295 48% 1-5 minutes late 1 953 28% 6-15 minutes late 974 14% More than 15 minutes late 678 10% Note: During the period from 15 December 2001 until 30 April 2002 a total of 93 trains were cancelled, which is equivalent to almost 2% of the scheduled trains Source: Riksdagens utredningstjänst, 6ZHGLVK3DUOLDPHQW5HVHDUFK6HUYLFH (2002a), (2002b) :LWKWKHGHOD\PHDVXUHWKDWWUDLQVWKDWDUHDWPRVWPLQXWHVODWHDUH FRXQWHG DV EHLQJ RQ WLPH RI WKH WUDLQV DUULYHG RQ WLPH DW WKHLU 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/lJJHVWD EH WZHHQDQGWKDQEHWZHHQ(VNLOVWXQDDQG$UERJD2QHRIWKH UHDVRQV LV WKDW WKH WUDYHOOLQJ WLPHV IRU WKH VHUYLFHV RQ WKH 0lODU OLQH EHWZHHQ6WRFNKROPDQGgUHEURZHUHVKRUWHUDIWHUDQGPRUHSDV VHQJHUVKDYHEHHQHQWLFHGRYHUIURPWKH6YHDODQGOLQHDQGDQRWKHUWKDW (QXQGHUV|NQLQJDY7L0$VXUYH\RI7L0 The Svealand line 159 FRPPXWLQJWRZRUNKDVGHYHORSHGLQGLIIHUHQWZD\V7KHUHLVWKHUHIRUH UHDVRQ WR DVVXPH WKDW RI WKH SDVVHQJHUV EHWZHHQ 6|GHUWlOMH DQG /lJJHVWDFRQWLQXHGZHVWWR(VNLOVWXQDLQEXWWKDWWKLVSURSRUWLRQ IHOOE\SHUFHQWDJHSRLQWVWRLQ 7KHSURSRUWLRQRIMRXUQH\VRQVHFWLRQVRIWKHURXWHZLWKLQWKHFRXQ WLHVRI6|GHUPDQODQGDQG6WRFNKROPUHVSHFWLYHO\LVHVWLPDWHGWREH RI WKH WRWDO QXPEHU RI MRXUQH\V DFURVV WKH FRXQW\ ERUGHU WKH 6|GHUWlOMH²/lJJHVWD FHQVXVHV E\ FRPSDULQJ WKH QXPEHU RI SDVVHQJHUV ERDUGLQJ EHWZHHQ 1\NYDUQ DQG 6WRFNKROP&HQWUDO DQG EHWZHHQ /lJ JHVWD(VNLOVWXQDLQWKHFHQVXV7KLVPHWKRGJLYHVDURXJKHVWL PDWHRIMRXUQH\VRQVHFWLRQVRIWKHURXWHEHWZHHQ(VNLOVWXQDDQG6WRFN KROP 7UDYHOOLQJZLWKWKHFRXQW\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWDXWKRULW\LQ 6|GHUPDQODQG 7UDYHO E\ FRXQW\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW DXWKRULW\ EXV VHUYLFHV EHIRUH DQG DIWHU DQG WKH VWDUW RI VHUYLFHV RQ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH LV VKRZQLQWKHWDEOH)LJXUHVIRUDUHQRWDYDLODEOH 7UDYHOE\EXVZLWKWKH6|GHUPDQODQGFRXQW\ SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWDXWKRULW\DORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH -RXUQH\V\HDU¶V 1R 1R 310 122 110 169 100 88 447 87 108 Total 927 28 24 46 27 28 24 15 18 135 121 Total 561 519 Source: Länstrafiken i Södermanland, 6|GHUPDQODQG37$ ,IWKHMRXUQH\VPDGHRQWKHFRXQW\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWDXWKRULW\·VWKUHH EXVVHUYLFHVQRVDQGDUHDGGHGWRJHWKHUDQGFRPSDUHGZLWK WKH WRWDO QXPEHU PDGH RQ WKH HLJKW FRUUHVSRQGLQJ VHUYLFHV LQ LW FDQEHVHHQWKDWWUDYHOYROXPHZLWKWKHFRXQW\DXWKRULW\KDVIDOOHQIURP DERXWMRXUQH\VDQQXDOO\WRLHIHZHUMRXUQH\V DIWHUWKHVWDUWRIVHUYLFHVRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQH7KHUHZDVDIXUWKHUUH (QXQGHUV|NQLQJDY7L0$VXUYH\RI7L0 160 Introduction of regional high speed trains GXFWLRQXSWRZKLFKUXQVFRQWUDU\WRKRZMRXUQH\VE\WUDLQRQWKH 6YHDODQGOLQHKDYHGHYHORSHG 7UDYHOOLQJRQ6/·VEXVHVEHWZHHQ6|GHUWlOMHDQG1\N YDUQ 7KHSRVVLELOLW\WRWUDYHOE\6-·VWUDLQVDQGEXVHVRQDQ6/SDVVXSXQWLO WKH VWDUW RI VHUYLFHV RQ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH OHG WR LPEDODQFH LQ WKH ORDG EHWZHHQ WKH GLUHFWLRQV WUDYHOOHG RQ URXWHV DQG VRPH \HDUV VLQFH6-·VWUDLQRUEXVVHUYLFHVXLWHGSDVVHQJHUVEHWWHULQWKHRQHGLUHF WLRQEXWQRWLQWKHRWKHU 7KHFDOFXODWLRQVRIWUDYHOE\EXVSHUPHDQZHHNGD\KDYHKHUHEHHQ UHFDOFXODWHG WR DQQXDO YDOXHV 6/ QRUPDOO\ PXOWLSOLHV WKH QXPEHU RI MRXUQH\VDZLQWHUZHHNGD\E\WRUHIOHFWWKHDQQXDOQXPEHURIMRXU QH\V ,Q WKH WDEOH MRXUQH\V DUH JLYHQ LQ WKRXVDQGV SHU \HDU GXULQJ WKH YDOLGLW\RIWKHZLQWHUWLPHWDEOHZKLFKPHDQVIRUH[DPSOHWKDWWKHZLQ WHUWLPHWDEOHIRUDSSOLHVWRMRXUQH\VLQVSULQJ -RXUQH\VRQ6/EXVHVQRVDQG :LQWHUWLPHWDEOH -RXUQH\V\HDU ¶V 1992/93 569 : 1995/96 592 1996/97 595 1997/98 564 1998/99 579 1999/2000 512 2000/01 500 Source: SL/TrafikKompetens 7UDYHORQ6/·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he Svealand line 161 OLFWUDQVSRUWKDYHWDNHQSODFH,WVKRZVKRZWKHGLVWULEXWLRQRYHUGLIIHU HQWVHFWLRQVRIWKHURXWHKDVFKDQJHGEHWZHHQWKH\HDUV7KHWDEOHDQG GLDJUDPVFRQWDLQVRPHXQFHUWDLQWLHVVLQFHWKHDYDLODEOHWUDYHOOLQJVWDWLV WLFVIURP/76/DQG6-KDYHGLIIHUHQWIRUPVDQGGHJUHHVRIDFFXUDF\LQ VRIDUDVDQ\VWDWLVWLFVDUHDYDLODEOHDWDOO7KHUHDUHQRILJXUHVIRUSXUHO\ ORFDOEXVWUDYHO6-·VLQWHUUHJLRQDOVHUYLFHVDUHLQFOXGHGKHUHGHILQHGDV WUDYHORQWKH6YHDODQGOLQHZLWKSRLQWRIRULJLQDQGGHVWLQDWLRQZHVWRI (VNLOVWXQDEXWDUHQRWVKRZQVHSDUDWHO\IRUEHFDXVHWKHDPRXQW RI LQWHUUHJLRQDO WUDYHO ZDV SUREDEO\ QHJOLJLEOH GXULQJ WKH EXV VHUYLFH SHULRG (VWLPDWHGORDGRQSXEOLFWUDQVSRUWLQDQG -RXUQH\V \HDU¶V (VNLOVW± 6WUlQJQlV EH\RQG (VNLOVW 6WUlQJQ± /lJJHVWD /lJJHVWD± 1\NYDUQ 1\NYDUQ± 6|GHUWlOMH 6|GHUW± )OHPLQJVE )OHPLQJVE± 6WRFNKROP SJ bus 350 2 LT bus 260 400 190 430 170 SL bus 450 420 1 170 50 590 SJ train regional interregion. 3 460 LT bus2 1 030 300 1 090 300 1 200 300 1 310 300 45 45 40 40 SL bus 1 250 280 1 190 260 1 600 310 1 520 290 570 SJ train regional interregion. LT bus2 SL bus 3 560 1 300 330 1 370 330 1 540 330 40 40 40 1 680 330 40 510 1 Journeys on bus no. 40 Södertälje–Liljeholmen With regard to the bus services, there are also some purely local journeys (shorter than the routes given), but these are not shown in the table. Figures for 2000 refer to 1999 3 Interregional travel beyond Eskilstuna comprises journeys starting or finishing west of Eskilstuna, for example journeys from Stockholm to Örebro. The values for sections of the route are estimates in some cases. Sources: SLT-resor våren 1991 (SLT travel spring 1991), LT travel statistics 1996, 1998, 1999. SL travel censuses on buses no. 780 and 781. SJ travel censuses for buses 1996-97 and trains 1998, 2000. $VXUYH\RI7L0 (1998) 2 162 Introduction of regional high speed trains /RDGRQUHJLRQDOSXEOLFWUDQVSRUWVHUYLFHVDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH Journeys per year, 000’s 3000 3000 2500 2500 2000 2000 1500 1500 Södermanland county PTA bus 1000 1000 SL bus 500 500 SJ bus 0 Eskilstuna Strängnäs Läggesta Nykvarn 0 Stockholm Södertälje /RDGRQUHJLRQDOSXEOLFWUDQVSRUWVHUYLFHVDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH Journeys per year, 000’s 3000 3000 2500 2500 2000 Södermanland county PTA bus 2000 SL bus 1500 1500 1000 500 0 1000 Train 5HJLRQDO 500 Train ,QWHUUHJLRQDO Eskilstuna Strängnäs Läggesta Nykvarn Södertälje 0 Flemingsberg Stockholm /RDGRQUHJLRQDOSXEOLFWUDQVSRUWVHUYLFHVDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH Journeys per year, 000’s 3000 3000 2500 2500 Södermanland county PTA bus SL bus 2000 2000 1500 1500 Train 1000 1000 5HJLRQDO 500 0 500 Train ,QWHUUHJLRQDO 0 Flemingsberg Stockholm /RFDO WUDYHO RQ FRXQW\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW DXWKRULW\ /7 EXVHV LV QRW VKRZQ LQ WKH GLDJUDPV Eskilstuna Strängnäs Läggesta Nykvarn Södertälje ,Q7L0PDGHFHQVXVHVRISDVVHQJHUVRQWUDLQVLQWKH0lODUHQ YDOOH\LQFOXGLQJWUDYHORQWKH6YHDODQGOLQH7KHFHQVXVHVZHUHWDNHQ 7XHVGD\WR7KXUVGD\IRUWKHPRQWKRI)HEUXDU\,IWKHPHDQZHHNGD\ ILJXUHLVPXOWLSOLHGE\ZKLFKLVWKHJHQHUDOFRQYHUVLRQIDFWRUIURP PHDQ ZHHNGD\ WR DQQXDO YDOXH IRU UDLOZD\ SDVVHQJHU WUDIILF 7L0·V FHQVXVHV VKRZ OHVV WUDYHO WKDQ HTXLYDOHQW URXWHV LQ 6-·V ,Q 7L0·VFHQVXVHVWKHWRWDODPRXQWRIWUDYHOE\WUDLQLVYHU\VLPLODUWRWKH (QXQGHUV|NQLQJDY7L0$VXUYH\RI7L0 %HUlNQLQJVKDQGOHGQLQJ&DOFXODWLRQJXLGHVHFWLRQ The Svealand line 163 ILJXUHVIRU´6-WUDLQUHJLRQDOµLQWKHWDEOH7KHGLIIHUHQFHVPD\EHGXH WRWKHIDFWWKDWWKHPHWKRGVGLIIHUEHWZHHQWKHWZRFHQVXVHV7L0KDG WKHLU VWDII FRXQW WKH QXPEHU RI SDVVHQJHUV DOLJKWLQJ DQG ERDUGLQJ DW HDFK VWDWLRQ ZKLOH 6- KDG WKH EXV GULYHU DQG WUDLQ VWDII UHVSHFWLYHO\ FRXQW WKH QXPEHU RI SDVVHQJHUV RQ ERDUG +RZHYHU 6-·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gUHEUR 7KHVH MRXUQH\V DUH FRXQWHGDVLQWHUUHJLRQDOMRXUQH\V 7UDYHORQSXEOLFWUDQVSRUWDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQHWR 6|GHUWlOMH 7KHUDLOZD\VLQ6|GHUWlOMH Södertälje centrum Östertälje 6WRFNKROP YLD7XPED Södertälje hamn (VNLOVWXQD *|WHERUJ YLD-lUQD 6WRFNKROP 7KH*U|GLQJHOLQH Södertälje syd Commuter train station -lUQD Long-distance and regional train station 7KH UDLOZD\V DQG VWDWLRQV LQ 6|GHUWlOMH 7KH GLVWDQFH EHWZHHQ 6|GHUWlOMH V\G DQG 6|GHUWlOMHFHQWUXPLVNP7KHUHLVDFRQQHFWLQJUDLOZD\EHWZHHQWKH6YHDODQGOLQH (VNLOVWXQDDQG6|GHUWlOMHKDPQDWSUHVHQWZLWKRXWSDVVHQJHUVHUYLFHV 7KH ILUVW EXVHV WKDW UHSODFHG WKH WUDLQV EHWZHHQ (VNLOVWXQD DQG 6WRFNKROP VWRSSHG DW WKH 6|GHUWlOMH KDPQ UDLOZD\ VWDWLRQ DQG FRQ QHFWHG ZLWK WKH FRPPXWHU WUDLQV WR 6|GHUWlOMH FHQWUXP VWDWLRQ NP DQG6WRFNKROP&HQWUDO6RPHEXVHV DOVRVWRSSHGDWWKHQHZO\ RSHQHG 6|GHUWlOMHV\GVWDWLRQNPIURP6|GHUWlOMHFHQWUXPVWDWLRQVWDUWLQJLQ 164 Introduction of regional high speed trains 7UDLQVRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQHVWRSDW6|GHUWlOMHV\GDQG)OHPLQJV EHUJEXWQRWDW6|GHUWlOMHKDPQ 7KH 6|GHUPDQODQG FRXQW\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW DXWKRULW\ FDUULHG PDQ\ SDVVHQJHUVWRDQGIURP6|GHUWlOMHXSXQWLO%XVQRKDGVWRSV RQ6DOWVM|JDWDQDWWKH6|GHUWlOMHFHQWUXPFRPPXWHUWUDLQVWDWLRQDQGDW 6|GHUWlOMH KDPQ ,Q /7 RSHUDWHG SHDN SHULRG EXV VHUYLFHV WR 6|GHUWlOMHIURPcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNDQG0DULHIUHG,Q6|GHUWlOMHLQDGGL WLRQ WR 6|GHUWlOMH KDPQ DQG 6DOWVM|JDWDQ WKH EXVHV DOVR VWRS DW $VWUD =HQHFD·VPDLQIDFLOLW\ZKHUHPDQ\SHRSOHZRUNVHHVHFWLRQ 7UDYHORQSXEOLFWUDQVSRUWEHWZHHQQRUWK6|GHUPDQODQGDQG6|GHUWlOMH MRXUQH\V\HDU¶V LT bus 120 40 SJ bus 50 SJ train Total 120 170 160 Sources: SLT-resor våren 1991 (SLT travel spring 1991), LT travel statistics 1992-1998. SL travel censuses on buses 1996-97. $VXU YH\RI7L0 (1998). 7KH ODUJH LQFUHDVH LQ UHJLRQDO WUDYHO WKDW WKH WUDLQ VHUYLFHV RQ WKH 6YHDODQGOHGWRKDVQRWPDWHULDOLVHGIRUMRXUQH\VWRDQGIURP6|GHUWlOMH 7KHORFDWLRQRIWKH6|GHUWlOMHV\GVWDWLRQUHTXLUHVPDNLQJDFRQQHFWLRQ E\EXVRULQH[FHSWLRQDOFDVHVE\FRPPXWHUWUDLQWRDOPRVWDOOGHVWLQD WLRQVLQWKHWRZQ7UDYHOOHUVWRSODFHVRIZRUNLQ6|GHUWlOMH·VVXSSO\RI MREVDQGVHUYLFHSUREDEO\ODUJHO\FKRRVHWRJRE\FDU &DUWUDYHO 6XUYH\RIWUDYHOKDELWV 7KH((XURSHDQURDGWKDWUXQVSDUDOOHOWRWKHUDLOZD\LVDOVRRQHRI WKHURDGVEHWZHHQWKH6WRFNKROPUHJLRQDQG*|WHERUJDQG9lUPODQG ZKLOH UDLO WUDIILF RQ WKDW WRXU GRHV QRW XVH WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH EXW WKH ZHVWHUQ PDLQ OLQH YLD .DWULQHKROP 7KH ODVW VXUYH\ RI WUDYHO KDELWV RQ WKH ( ZLWK UHJDUG WR WKH SURSRUWLRQV RI ORFDO UHJLRQDO DQG ORQJ GLVWDQFHMRXUQH\VZDVPDGHLQ$WWKDWWLPHWKH6ZHGLVK1DWLRQDO 5RDG$GPLQLVWUDWLRQFDUULHGRXWDVXUYH\RIWUDYHOKDELWVHDVWRI0DOP E\KXV DERXW NP VRXWKZHVW RI 6WUlQJQlV 7KH DQQXDO DYHUDJH GDLO\ PHDQ WUDIILF YROXPH $$'7 WRWDOOHG YHKLFOHV RI ZKLFK ZHUHKHDY\YHKLFOHV7KLVJLYHVDQ$$'7RIDERXWFDUV$UDQ 7KH(ZDVSUHYLRXVO\FDOOHGWKH( The Svealand line 165 GRPVDPSOHZDVWDNHQRIWKHVHDQGWKHGULYHUVRIFDUVLQWHUYLHZHG RYHUWKHFRXUVHRIWZRZHHNGD\V ,Q WKH WDEOH ORFDO WUDYHO KDV EHHQ GHILQHG DV WUDYHO ZLWKLQ WKH PX QLFLSDOLW\ RI 6WUlQJQlV UHJLRQDO WUDYHO DV MRXUQH\V DORQJ WKH (WKH 6YHDODQGOLQH IRUDOORU SDUWRIWKHZD\EHWZHHQ (VNLOVWXQD DQG6WRFN KROPDQGLQWHUUHJLRQDOWUDYHODVORQJHUMRXUQH\VRURXWVLGHWKH6YHDODQG OLQHFRUULGRU 6XUYH\RIWUDYHOKDELWVDW0DOPE\KXV 3URSRUWLRQRIFDUMRXUQH\V Local 33% ,QVLGH6WUlQJQlV 6WUlQJQlV±cNHUVVW\FNHEUXN0DULHIUHG Regional 31% (VNLOVWXQD±6|GHUWlOMH6WRFNKROP 6WUlQJQlV±6|GHUWlOMH6WRFNKROP Interregional 36% 5RDG(QN|SLQJ±6|GHUWlOMH6WRFNKROP (gUHEUR*|WHERUJ9lUPODQG± 6|GHUWlOMH6WRFNKROP Source: The E3 road. 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Asterisks denote significant differences between survey years. 7KHDYHUDJHFRVWDQGWUDYHOOLQJWLPHIRUWKHODWHVWMRXUQH\E\FDURXW VLGH WKH UHVSRQGHQW·V KRPH FRPPXQLW\ IHOO VRPHZKDW IRU LQGLYLGXDO UHVLGHQWV DORQJ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH RYHU WKH SHULRG EXW WKH FKDQJHV DUH QRW VLJQLILFDQW H[FHSW IRU WKH UHGXFWLRQ LQ WKH FRVW RI WKH FDU MRXUQH\ EHWZHHQDQG7KHWUDYHOOLQJWLPHIRUDQDOWHUQDWLYHMRXUQH\E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW RQ WKH RWKHU KDQG KDV GHFUHDVHG VLJQLILFDQWO\ E\ DERXWPLQXWHVRUDERXWEHWZHHQDQG /DVWMRXUQH\E\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWDQGHVWLPDWLRQRIFDUDOWHUQDWLYH6YHDFRQ XUEDWLRQV$%'· VLJQ VLJQ VLJQ 3XEOLFWUDQVSRUW Cost 1 (Skr) 77 Travelling time (hrs:mins) 1:50 *** 76 86 1:20 1:19 77 *** 1:50 &DUDOWHUQDWLYH Cost (Skr) 132 114 123 132 Travelling time (hrs:mins) 1:09 1:10 1:09 1:09 Svea conurbations AB+D’: Residents in Nykvarn, Mariefred, Åkers styckebruk, Strängnäs and Eskilstuna, weighted Asterisks denote significant differences between survey years 1 The cost is the fare for a single ticket on the bus or train, i.e. it does not include the cost for connections. 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DQG 6NU 6NU IRU6WUlQJQlVRIWKHKLJKSULFH 9DOXDWLRQVLQUHVLGHQWVDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH )DFWRU (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV 0DULHIUHG DOO cNHUVVWEU 1\NYDUQ Travel mode, value compared to bus Train High speed train +12 Skr +30 Skr (-1 Skr) (+8 Skr) -7 Skr -5 Skr -5 Skr (-4 Skr) Travelling time, value 26 Skr/hr 53 Skr/hr 46 Skr/hr 63 Skr/hr Incr freq. of service 2 hrs KU 1 hr KU +11 Skr (+6 Skr) (+4 Skr) +12 Skr (...) Not significantly different from 0 1 A selection error meant that in practice only residents in the centre of Eskilstuna were included 9DOXDWLRQVUHVLGHQWVDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH )DFWRU (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV 0DULHIUHG DOO cNHUVVWEU 1\NYDUQ Travel mode, value compared to bus Train High speed train +19 Skr +38 Skr +11 Skr +18 Skr (+1 Skr) (+3 Skr) (+2 Skr) +8 Skr Travelling time, value 43 Skr/hr 54 Skr/hr 51 Skr/hr 58 Skr/hr Incr. freq. of service 2 hrs KU 1 hr KU +22 Skr +19 Skr +10 Skr +15 Skr (...) Not significantly different from 0 9DOXDWLRQVUHVLGHQWVDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH )DFWRU (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV 0DULHIUHG DOO cNHUVVWEU 1\NYDUQ Travel mode, value compared to bus Train High speed train +19 Skr +41 Skr +9 Skr +19 Skr (+1 Skr) (-0 Skr) (+2 Skr) +11 Skr Travelling time, value 48 Skr/hr 67 Skr/hr 59 Skr/hr 73 Skr/hr Incr. freq. of service 2 hrs KU 1 hr KU +26 Skr +19 Skr +14 Skr +17 Skr (...) Not significantly different from 0 The Svealand line 201 9DOXDWLRQRIWUDYHOOLQJWLPHUHVLGHQWVDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH 80 70 Skr/hr 60 50 1997 1998 40 30 20 2000 10 0 Eskilstuna Strängnäs Mariefred, Åkers stbr Nykvarn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ravel mode, value compared to bus Train High speed train Travelling time, value Incr. freq. of service 2 hrs KU +19 Skr +44 Skr +27 Skr +50 Skr +27 Skr +64 Skr +21 Skr +43 Skr (19 Skr/hr) 43 Skr/hr (8 Skr/hr) 58 Skr/hr +17 Skr +26 Skr +21 Skr +29 Skr (...) Not significantly different from 0 7KHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIWKHTXHVWLRQLQWKHILUVWVWXG\\HDUDQGLQ DUHDDOVRLQWKHWZRIROORZLQJVWXGLHVKDVDODUJHFRUUHODWLRQEHWZHHQ WKHIDFWRUVWUDYHOPRGHDQGWUDYHOOLQJWLPH(YDOXDWLQJDUHDRQLWVRZQ GRHVQRWJLYHDJRRGUHVXOWEHFDXVHWKHQXPEHURIUHVSRQGHQWVLVUHOD WLYHO\ VPDOO 6RPH RI WKH WUDYHOOLQJ WLPH YDOXH LV DOVR KLGGHQ LQ WKH FKRLFHRIDIDVWHUPRGH 202 Introduction of regional high speed trains 5HVLGHQWV·YDOXDWLRQVLQ6NU1\N|SLQJ Svealandsbanan Har åkt bil Har åkt koll Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Kollektivresenärer Residents Kollektivresenärer Boende Har åkt koll The Nyköping line Har ej åkt bil Har åkt bil Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har ej åkt bil 9DOXDWLRQ1\N|SLQJUHVLGHQWV )DFWRU Travel mode value compared to bus Train High sp. train Travelling time, value Incr. freq. of service 2 hrs KU +27 Skr +38 Skr +23 Skr +30 Skr +19 Skr +30 Skr (8 Skr/hr) 35 Skr/hr 37 Skr/hr +15 Skr +24 Skr +20 Skr (...) Not significantly different from 0 7KHWUDYHOOLQJWLPHUHVXOWIRULVQRWVLJQLILFDQW7KHVDPHSURE OHP ZLWK FRUUHODWLRQV EHWZHHQ WUDYHO PRGH DQG WUDYHOOLQJ WLPH DV IRU (VNLOVWXQDDUHDPHDQVWKDWWKHYDOXDWLRQGRHVQRWJLYHDUHOHYDQWUH VXOWDQGVRPHRIWKHWUDYHOOLQJWLPHYDOXHLVKLGGHQLQDKLJKHUYDOXDWLRQ RIWKHWUDYHOPRGHV7KHWLPHYDOXHIRU1\N|SLQJUHVLGHQWVLQDQG 6NUKULVORZHUWKDQIRUUHVLGHQWVDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH 7KH YDOXHV IRU RUGLQDU\ WUDLQ DQG KLJK VSHHG WUDLQ FRPSDUHG WR EXV LV VWHDG\ DQG SRVLWLYH DV LV WKH YDOXH IRU LPSURYHG IUHTXHQF\ RI VHUYLFH IURPKDOIKRXUO\WRKRXUO\ 6RFLRHFRQRPLFIDFWRUVDIIHFWLQJWKHYDOXDWLRQV The Svealand line Residents Har åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Nyköpingslinjen Boende Kollektivresenärer Har åkt koll Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Kollektivresenärer Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil 5HVLGHQWV KDYH GLIIHUHQW YDOXDWLRQV GHSHQGLQJ RQ WKHLU VRFLRHFR QRPLFEDFNJURXQG7KHDQDO\VLVLVVXSSOHPHQWHGKHUHE\FDOFXODWLQJWKH YDOXDWLRQV IRU GLIIHUHQW VRFLRHFRQRPLF JURXSV LQ 6WUlQJQlV LQ 2QO\RQHIDFWRUDWDWLPHLVDQDO\VHGVLQFHWKHVDPSOHZLOORWKHUZLVHEH WRRVPDOODQGWKHDUHDVFDQQRWEHFRPELQHG The Svealand line 203 9DOXDWLRQ6WUlQJQlVJHQGHUDQGRFFXSDWLRQ )DFWRU *HQGHU 2FFXSDWLRQ :RPHQ 0HQ *DLQIXOO\ HPSO 1RWJDLQIXOO\ HPSO Travel mode, value compared to bus Train High speed train +10 Skr +16 Skr +9 Skr +22 Skr +13 Skr +25 Skr (+4 Skr) +9 Skr Travelling time, value 61 Skr/hr 75 Skr/hr 74 Skr/hr 57 Skr/hr Incr. freq. of service 1 hr KU +18 Skr +21 Skr +20 Skr +17 Skr (...) Not significantly different from 0 1 Gainfully employed means self-employed people and people in full- or parttime employment. 2 Not gainfully employed refers to people on parental leave, living at home, retired people, students etc. 9DOXDWLRQ6WUlQJQlVDJHDQGGLVWDQFHWRVWDWLRQ )DFWRU $JH +RPHVWDWLRQGLVWDQFH NP NP Travel mode, value compared to bus Train High speed train (-2 Skr) +12 Skr +12 Skr +22 Skr +11 Skr +20 Skr +9 Skr +19 Skr Travelling time, value 62 Skr/hr 71 Skr/hr 63 Skr/hr 73 Skr/hr Incr. freq. of service 1 hr KU +20 Skr +20 Skr +17 Skr +21 Skr (...) Not significantly different from 0 9DOXDWLRQ6WUlQJQlVHGXFDWLRQDQGKRXVHKROGLQFRPH )DFWRU (GXFDWLRQ +RXVHKROGLQFRPH XSSHUVHFRQ XQLYHUVLW\ 6NU ! 6NU GDU\VFKRRO Travel mode, value compared to bus Train High speed train (5 Skr) +16 Skr +14 Skr +22 Skr (+3 Skr) +13 Skr +9 Skr +27 Skr Travelling time value 66 Skr/hr 78 Skr/hr 62 Skr/hr 94 Skr/h Incr. freq. of service 1 hr KU +16 Skr +22 Skr +22 Skr +25 Skr (...) Not significantly different from 0 204 Introduction of regional high speed trains 9DOXDWLRQ6WUlQJQlVDFFHVVWRFDU )DFWRU +DELWXDO PRWRULVWV )UHTXHQWLQIUHT PRWRULVWV 1RQPRWRULVWV Travel mode, value compared to bus Train High speed train +13 Skr +24 Skr +11 Skr +20 Skr (-4 Skr) (+3 Skr) Travelling time, value 72 Skr/hr 69 Skr/hr 53 Skr/hr Incr. freq. of service 1 hr KU +22 Skr +18 Skr +14 Skr (...) 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FRVW 6NU LH 6NU LV HTXLYDOHQW WR ZKHQ FDOFXODWLQJWKHYDOXHVRIWKHIDFWRUV 7KHWUDLQSDVVHQJHUVZHUHDVNHGWRGRGLIIHUHQW63VWXGLHVGHSHQG LQJRQZKHWKHUWKH\KDGDFFHVVWRDFDUDVDQDOWHUQDWLYHWRWKHSXEOLF WUDQVSRUW MRXUQH\ WKH\ ZHUH RQ RU ZKHWKHU WKH\ GLG QRW KDYH WKH FDU DOWHUQDWLYH$ERXWõRIWKHSDVVHQJHUVKDGDFFHVVWRDFDUDVDQDOWHUQD WLYHGULYHRUWUDYHODVDSDVVHQJHU2IWKHSDVVHQJHUVRQWKH6YHDODQG OLQH ZKR SDUWLFLSDWHG LQ WKH 63 VXUYH\ DERXW ZHUH WUDYHOOLQJ RQ D PRQWKO\SDVVZKLOHRIWKHSDVVHQJHUVRQWKH1\N|SLQJOLQHKDGD PRQWKO\SDVV 206 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line Boende Har åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Nyköpingslinjen Boende Public tr. passengers Har åkt koll Har ej åkt koll By car Not by car Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Kollektivresenärer Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil ,Q WKH DQDO\VLV SDUDPHWHU YDOXHV DUH FDOFXODWHG DV GHVFULEHG LQ DS SHQGL[ 6RPH VLJQLILFDQW WUHQGV LQ WKH SDUDPHWHU YDOXHV DUH WKDW WKH SULFH RI WKH WLFNHW KDV EHFRPH OHVV LPSRUWDQW EHWZHHQ DQG IRU WUDLQ 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Not significantly different from 0 9DOXHRIWKHFDUDOWHUQDWLYHWKH6YHDODQGOLQHDQGWKH1\N|SLQJOLQH Skr/journey Svealand line 200 Nyköping line 150 100 Travel cost 50 Travelling time Travel mode 0 -50 Willingness to pay -100 -150 -200 9DOXHLQ6NURIWKHFDUDOWHUQDWLYHIRUWUDLQSDVVHQJHUVRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQHDQGWKH 1\N|SLQJOLQH$OOSULFH 9DOXDWLRQRIWKHZKROHMRXUQH\ 5HVLGHQWVDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQH $IHZFRQFUHWHH[DPSOHVVKRZKRZWKHVXSSO\LVYDOXHGE\PHDQVRI WKH DWWULEXWHV WUDYHO PRGH WUDYHOOLQJ WLPH DQG IUHTXHQF\ RI VHUYLFH $ MRXUQH\E\EXVLVFRPSDUHGWRWZRDOWHUQDWLYHVRUGLQDU\WUDLQDQGKLJK VSHHG WUDLQ RQ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH 7KH YDOXHV RI WKH WUDYHO PRGH WKH WUDYHOOLQJ WLPHDQGWKHIUHTXHQF\RIVHUYLFH DUH WDNHQIURPWKHUHJUHV VLRQDQDO\VLVRIWKH63VWXG\RIUHVLGHQWVGHVFULEHGLQVHFWLRQ 212 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line Residents Har åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Nyköpingslinjen Kollektivresenärer Boende Kollektivresenärer Har åkt koll Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har åkt bil Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har ej åkt bil ,QWKHH[DPSOHEHORZZKHUHDMRXUQH\E\KLJKVSHHGWUDLQLVFRP SDUHG WR WKH RUGLQDU\ WUDLQ WKH JDLQ LQ WUDYHOOLQJ WLPH SHU MRXUQH\ LV DVVXPHGWREHPLQXWHVEHWZHHQ(VNLOVWXQDDQG6WRFNKROPPLQ XWHVWR6WUlQJQlVFKDQJHDWcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNPLQXWHVWR0DULHIUHG DQG cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN DQG PLQXWHV WR 1\NYDUQ 7KH IUHTXHQF\ RI VHUYLFHRIWKHKLJKVSHHGWUDLQVLVDVVXPHGWREHGRXEOHWKDWRIRUGLQDU\ WUDLQVVHHWKHWDEOH ([DPSOHVRIYDOXDWLRQRIKLJKVSHHGWUDLQVFRPSDUHGWRRUGLQDU\WUDLQVUHVL GHQWV 6YHDODQGOLQH Travel mode Travelling time (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV 0DULHIUHG cNHUVVW\FNH EUXN 1\NYDUQ 22 Skr 10 Skr -1 Skr 9 Skr 40 mins× 50 mins× 20 mins× 10 mins× 48 Skr/hr= 67 Skr/hr= 59 Skr/hr= 73 Skr/hr= 32 Skr 56 Skr 20 Skr 12 Skr Freq. of service 2 hrs KU 1 hr KU 26 Skr Summa 80 Skr 19 Skr 14 Skr 17 Skr 85 Skr 33 Skr 38 Skr 7KHZKROHMRXUQH\EHWZHHQ(VNLOVWXQDDQG6WRFNKROPZLWKWKHKLJK VSHHGWUDLQLVYDOXHG6NUKLJKHUWKDQWKHRUGLQDU\WUDLQ6NUKLJKHU WR 6WUlQJQlV 6NU WR 0DULHIUHG DQG cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN DQG 6NU KLJKHU WR 1\NYDUQ 7KH SURSRUWLRQV RI WKH WRWDO YDOXH WKDW FDQ EH DW WULEXWHG WR IUHTXHQF\ RI VHUYLFH WUDYHOOLQJ WLPH DQG WUDYHO PRGH YDU\ ZLWKWKHKRPHFRPPXQLW\ ,QWKHVDPHZD\WKHWRWDOYDOXDWLRQRIDMRXUQH\E\KLJKVSHHGWUDLQ FRPSDUHGWRWKHEXVZDVDOVRFDOFXODWHG7KHHVWLPDWHGWLPHJDLQVZHUH KHUH PLQXWHV IURP (VNLOVWXQD PLQXWHV IURP 6WUlQJQlV PLQ XWHV IURP 0DULHIUHG DQG cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN DQG PLQXWHV IURP 1\N YDUQ )UHTXHQF\ RI VHUYLFH LV DVVXPHG WR EH VDPH IRU WKH KLJK VSHHG WUDLQVHUYLFHVXSSO\DVIRUWKHEXVVHUYLFHVKRXUO\ The Svealand line 213 5HVLGHQWV· YDOXDWLRQ RI D MRXUQH\ E\ KLJK VSHHG WUDLQ FRPSDUHG WR RUGLQDU\ WUDLQ 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Skr/journey Frequency Travelling time Travel mode Eskilstuna Strängnäs Mariefred, Åkers stbr Nykvarn 9DOXH RI D MRXUQH\ E\ KLJK VSHHG WUDLQ RQ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH FRPSDUHG WR D WUDLQ MRXUQH\RQWKHROGOLQHDFFRUGLQJWRWKHVWXG\ 5HVLGHQWV·YDOXDWLRQRIDMRXUQH\E\KLJKVSHHGWUDLQFRPSDUHGWREXV 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Skr/journey Travelling time Travel mode Eskilstuna Strängnäs Mariefred, Åkers stbr Nykvarn 9DOXHRIDMRXUQH\E\KLJKVSHHGWUDLQRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQHFRPSDUHGWRDMRXUQH\E\ EXVDFFRUGLQJWRWKHVWXG\LQ)UHTXHQF\RIVHUYLFHLVWKHVDPHIRUERWKDOWHUQD WLYHV 8QGHUWKHVHFRQGLWLRQVDMRXUQH\EHWZHHQ(VNLOVWXQDDQG6WRFNKROP LVYDOXHGDOPRVW6NUKLJKHUIRUWKHKLJKVSHHGWUDLQWKDQIRUWKHEXV 6NU WR 6WUlQJQlV 6NU WR 0DULHIUHG DQG cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN DQG 6NUKLJKHUWR1\NYDUQ 5HVLGHQWV· YDOXDWLRQV RI D MRXUQH\ E\ KLJK VSHHG WUDLQ FRPSDUHG WR RQHE\WUDLQRUEXVVKRZDVLPLODUSURILOHLUUHVSHFWLYHRIWUDYHOPRGH 7KH(VNLOVWXQDUHVLGHQWVWHQGWRJLYHWKHKLJKVSHHGWUDLQPRGHDUDWKHU KLJK YDOXH 7KH UHVLGHQWV LQ 0DULHIUHG DQG cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN VKRZ QR GLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQWKHEXVDQGRUGLQDU\WUDLQDOWHUQDWLYHVDQGWKHYDOXH 214 Introduction of regional high speed trains RI WKH KLJK VSHHG WUDLQ MRXUQH\ LV UHODWLYHO\ VPDOO 7KH YDOXH PXVW EH VHHQLQUHODWLRQWRWKHSULFHRIWKHWLFNHW 5HVLGHQWVLQ1\N|SLQJ Svealandsbanan Boende Har åkt koll Har åkt bil Residents Kollektivresenärer Har åkt koll Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil The Nyköping line Har ej åkt bil Har åkt bil Kollektivresenärer Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har ej åkt bil 7KHDOWHUQDWLYHZLWK DKLJKVSHHGWUDLQ WDNLQJPLQXWHVWR6WRFN KROP&HQWUDOVWDWLRQZDVDQDO\VHGIRU1\N|SLQJUHVLGHQWV:LWKWRGD\·V WUDLQV RQ WKH ROG OLQH WKH MRXUQH\ WDNHV KRXU PLQXWHV DQG KRXU PLQXWHV E\ EXV RQ WKH PRWRUZD\ ZLWK QR UXVK KRXU WUDIILF MDPV )UHTXHQF\ RI VHUYLFH IRU WKH KLJK VSHHG WUDLQV LV RQFH DQ KRXU DQG HYHU\WZRKRXUVIRUWKHRWKHUDOWHUQDWLYHV7KHVKRUWWUDYHOOLQJWLPHE\ KLJK VSHHG WUDLQ KRZHYHU FDQ RQO\ EHFRPH D UHDOLW\ LI D SODQQHG QHZ OLQHWKHVRFDOOHG1\N|SLQJRU(DVWHUQOLQNLVEXLOW :LWK WKH YDOXHV LQ WKH WDEOH ´9DOXDWLRQ UHVLGHQWV LQ 1\N|SLQJµ LQ VHFWLRQDMRXUQH\E\KLJKVSHHGWUDLQLVYDOXHG6NUKLJKHUWKDQ RQHE\RUGLQDU\WUDLQDQG6NUKLJKHUWKDQDMRXUQH\E\EXV7KHGLI IHUHQFHEHWZHHQRUGLQDU\WUDLQDQGEXVLV6NULHWKHWUDLQMRXUQH\LV YDOXHG6NUKLJKHUWKDQDMRXUQH\E\EXVXQGHUWKHDERYHFRQGLWLRQV 1\N|SLQJUHVLGHQWV·YDOXDWLRQRIKLJKVSHHGWUDLQMRXUQH\ 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Skr/journey Frequency 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Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Nyköpingslinjen Boende Kollektivresenärer Not by public tr. Har åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Kollektivresenärer Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil 7KH OHQJWK RI WLPH VLQFH UHVSRQGHQWV· ODVW MRXUQH\ E\ SXEOLF WUDQV SRUW DORQJ WKH (6YHDODQG OLQH URXWH JLYHV DQ LQGLFDWLRQ RI WKH IUH TXHQF\ RI WUDYHO IRU JURXSV RI UHVLGHQWV LQ WKH FRPPXQLWLHV DORQJ WKH URXWH,QWKHFRPSDULVRQEHWZHHQWKHGLIIHUHQW\HDUVWKH6YHDFRQXUED WLRQV $%'· VDPSOH LV XVHG LH WKRVH JURXSV WKDW DUH FRPPRQ WR DOO WKUHHVWXGLHV,QWKHFRPSDULVRQEHWZHHQWKHFRPPXQLWLHVKRZ HYHU DOO WKH GDWD IRU WKDW \HDU LV SUHVHQWHG ZKLFK PHDQV WKDW WKH SHU FHQWDJHVGLIIHUE\DIHZSRLQWV 7KH KDELWXDO PRWRULVWV WUDYHO E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW PRUH RIWHQ VLQFH WKHWUDLQVHUYLFHVEHJDQRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQH,QKDGWUDYHOOHG VRPH WLPH LQ WKH SDVW PRQWK RI ZKRP KDG WUDYHOOHG LQ WKH SDVW ZHHN ,Q KDG WUDYHOOHG WKH SDVW PRQWK RI ZKRP WKH SDVWZHHN7KHLQFUHDVHLQWKHSURSRUWLRQRIKDELWXDOPRWRULVWVZKRKDG UHFHQWO\WUDYHOOHGE\WUDLQLQGLFDWHVWKDWSHRSOHDUHFRPPXWLQJWRZRUN E\WUDLQPRUHWKDQWKH\GLGSUHYLRXVO\E\EXV The Svealand line 239 /DWHVW MRXUQH\ E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW DORQJ WKH (WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH 6YHD FRQXUEDWLRQV$%'· 7UDYHOOHG +DELWXDOPRWRULVWV )UHTLQIUHTPRWRULVWV 1RQPRWRULVWV E\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUW Past week 6% 13% 16% 27% 28% 32% 25% 21% 25% Past month 13% 29% 35% 40% 53% 52% 39% 43% 48% Past year 38% 69% 63% 68% 83% 75% 63% 79% 67% Not travelled previous 12 months 62% 31% 37% 32% 17% 25% 37% 21% Svea conurbations AB+D’: Nykvarn, Mariefred, Åkers styckebruk, Strängnäs and Eskilstuna, weighted. /DWHVW MRXUQH\ E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW DORQJ WKH (WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH 6YHD FRQXUEDWLRQV$%'· 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Have not travelled over the past year Past year Past month Past week 1997 2000 Habitual motorists 1997 2000 Frequentinfrequent motorists 1997 2000 Nonmotorists /DWHVWMRXUQH\E\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWDORQJWKH(WKH6YHDODQGOLQHPDGHE\UHVL GHQWV RI WKH FRPPXQLWLHV DORQJ WKH VDPH URXWH LH 1\NYDUQ 0DULHIUHG cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN6WUlQJQlVDQG(VNLOVWXQDE\DFFHVVWRDFDUUHIHUVWREHIRUHWKH 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include the whole study population, i.e. the delimitation differs from Svea conurbations AB+D’ The Svealand line 241 /DWHVW MRXUQH\ E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW IRU KDELWXDO PRWRULVWV OLYLQJ DORQJ WKH 6YHDODQGOLQH 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Have not travelled over the past year Past year Past month Past week Nykvarn Mariefred Åkers stbr Strängnäs Eskilstuna /DWHVWMRXUQH\E\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWDORQJWKH(6YHDODQGOLQHIRUKDELWXDOPRWRU LVWV OLYLQJ LQ GLIIHUHQW FRPPXQLWLHV DORQJ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH LQ 1RWH WKDW D UHODWLYHO\ODUJHSURSRUWLRQRIWKHMRXUQH\VE\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWRXWVLGHWKHLUKRPHFRP PXQLW\IRUUHVLGHQWVRI1\NYDUQDQGcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNDUHPDGHE\FRXQW\SXEOLF WUDQVSRUWDXWKRULW\EXV 7KHGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQUHVLGHQWVLQWKHKDELWXDOPRWRULVWVFDWHJRU\ LQ GLIIHUHQW FRPPXQLWLHV DUH UHODWLYHO\ ODUJH 7KH KDELWXDO PRWRULVWV LQ 0DULHIUHGDQG6WUlQJQlVWUDYHOPRVWRIWHQE\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWDORQJWKH (WKH6YHDODQGOLQH7KHKDELWXDOPRWRULVWVLQcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNDQG (VNLOVWXQD WUDYHO OHDVW RIWHQ ô RI WKH KDELWXDO PRWRULVWV ZKR OLYH LQ 0DULHIUHGKDGWUDYHOOHGE\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWDWVRPHWLPHGXULQJWKHSDVW ZHHN ZKHUHDV WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ ILJXUH LV MXVW LQ cNHUV VW\FNH EUXN 1XPEHURIMRXUQH\VDORQJWKH(WKH6YHDODQGOLQH The Svealand line Residents Har åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Nyköpingslinjen Boende Kollektivresenärer Har åkt koll Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Kollektivresenärer Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil 5HVSRQGHQWV OLYLQJ LQ WKH GLIIHUHQW FRPPXQLWLHV ZHUH DVNHG WR VD\ KRZPDQ\WLPHVWKH\KDGWUDYHOOHGRXWVLGHWKHLUKRPHFRPPXQLW\RYHU WKHSDVWVHYHQGD\VERWKE\FDUDQGE\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUW$UHWXUQMRXU QH\ FRXQWV DV RQH MRXUQH\ $Q HVWLPDWH RI SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW·V DSSUR[L PDWH VKDUH ZDV PDGH RQ WKH EDVLV RI WKH GDWD FROOHFWHG 6LJQLILFDQW FKDQJHV EHWZHHQ WKH \HDUV DUH VKRZQ E\ DVWHULVNV LQ WKH FROXPQ IRU VLJQLILFDQFH2QHDVWHULVNLVHTXLYDOHQWWRDFRQILGHQFHLQWHUYDO WZR DVWHULVNV DQG WKUHH DVWHULVNV (YHQ MXVW RQH 242 Introduction of regional high speed trains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ar journeys of which along E20 4.43 3.15 4.48 3.18 4.42 3.04 4.43 3.15 Publ. trpt. journeys of which along E20/Svealand line. 1.28 1.28 1.31 1.28 0.86 0.84 0.94 0.86 5.71 5.76 5.73 5.71 4.01 4.02 3.98 4.01 22% 21% 22% 21% 23% 24% 22% 21% Total journeys of which along E20/Svealand line Publ. trpt. share total along E20/Svea. line -RXUQH\VRXWVLGHKRPHFRPPXQLW\0DULHIUHGDQGcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNUHVLGHQWV 1RMRXUQH\VRXWVLGH 0DULHIUHGDQGcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNNP KRPHFRPPXQLW\ RYHUSDVWGD\V 6LJQ VLJQ VLJQ Car journeys of which along E20 3.76 2.83 3.60 2.73 4.15 2.86 3.76 2.83 Publ. trpt. journeys of which along E20/Svealand line. 0.97 0.69 0.95 0.97 0.75 0.56 0.83 0.75 4.73 4.29 5.10 4.73 Total journeys of which along E20/Svealand line Publ. trpt. share total along E20/Svea. line 3.58 3.29 3.69 3.58 21% 21% 16% 17% 19% 22% 21% 21% * The nearest railway station since the Svealand line opened is Läggesta The Svealand line 243 -RXUQH\VRXWVLGHKRPHFRPPXQLW\6WUlQJQlVUHVLGHQWV 1RMRXUQH\VRXWVLGH 6WUlQJQlVNP KRPHFRPPXQLW\ RYHUSDVWGD\V VLJQ VLJQ VLJQ Car journeys of which along E20 2.53 1.57 1.66 1.15 2.07 1.26 2.53 1.57 Publ. trpt. journeys of which along E20/Svealand line. 0.42 0.73 0.72 0.42 Total journeys of which along E20/Svealand line Publ. trpt. share total along E20/Svea. line ** 0.26 0.49 0.56 2.95 2.39 2.79 * 2.95 0.26 1.83 1.64 1.82 1.83 14% 14% 31% 30% 26% 31% 14% 14% The asterisks denote significant differences between the years the studies were made -RXUQH\VRXWVLGHKRPHFRPPXQLW\UHVLGHQWVLQFHQWUHRI(VNLOVWXQD 1RMRXUQH\VRXWVLGH (VNLOVWXQDNPIURPWKHUDLOZD\VWDWLRQ KRPHFRPPXQLW\ RYHUSDVWGD\V VLJQ VLJQ VLJQ Car journeys of which along E20 1.53 0.42 1.53 0.42 Publ. trpt. journeys of which along E20/Svealand line. Total journeys of which along E20/Svealand line Publ. trpt. share total along E20/Sveal. *** 0.95 0.30 0.83 0.25 *** 0.30 0.30 0.46 0.30 0.13 0.15 0.25 0.13 1.83 1.25 1.29 1.83 0.55 0.45 0.50 0.55 16% 24% 24% 33% 36% 50% 16% 24% The asterisks denote significant differences between the years the studies were made $FRPSDULVRQEHWZHHQUHVLGHQWVRI0DULHIUHGDQGcNHUVVW\FNHEUXN XSWRNPIURPWKHQHDUHVWUDLOZD\VWDWLRQVKRZVWKDWWRWDOWUDYHOE\ FDURXWVLGHWKHUHVSRQGHQWV·KRPHFRPPXQLWLHVZDVVLJQLILFDQWO\JUHDWHU LQ cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN LQ %HIRUH WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH RSHQHG LQ WKHUHZDVQRGLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQWKHWZRFRPPXQLWLHV7UDYHOE\ SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWKRZHYHULVPRUHHYHQO\GLVWULEXWHGEHWZHHQWKHUHVL GHQWVRIWKHGLIIHUHQWFRPPXQLWLHVDQGWRDODUJHH[WHQWWDNHVSODFHLQ WKH (6YHDODQG OLQH FRUULGRU 7KH GLIIHUHQFH LQ FDU WUDYHO KRZHYHU JLYHV 0DULHIUHG UHVLGHQWV D VOLJKWO\ KLJKHU SURSRUWLRQ IRU SXEOLF WUDQV 244 Introduction of regional high speed trains SRUW IRU MRXUQH\V DORQJ WKH (WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH LQ WKDQ UHVLGHQWVRIcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNKDYH 7KHUH DUH JUHDW GLIIHUHQFHV LQ UHVLGHQWV· MRXUQH\V RXWVLGH WKH FRP PXQLWLHV DORQJ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH 7KH QXPEHU RI MRXUQH\V SHU ZHHN LV YHU\VWDEOHIRUUHVLGHQWVRI1\NYDUQLQDOOWKUHHURXQGVRIWKHVWXG\)RU 6WUlQJQlVUHVLGHQWVWKHVWXG\VKRZVWKDWWKHQXPEHURIMRXUQH\VE\FDU RXWVLGHWKHLUKRPHFRPPXQLW\ZDVPDUNHGO\ORZHULQWKDQLQ DQG7KHVDPHWUHQGEXWQRWVLJQLILFDQWKRZHYHUFDQEHREVHUYHG IRUUHVLGHQWVRI0DULHIUHGDQGcNHUVVW\FNHEUXNZKROLYHNPIURP WKH UDLOZD\ VWDWLRQ (VNLOVWXQD UHVLGHQWV ZKR OLYH XS WR NP IURP WKH UDLOZD\VWDWLRQVKRZDFOHDUDQGVLJQLILFDQWGHFUHDVHLQWUDYHOOLQJE\ FDUEHWZHHQDQG7KHUHZDVDFRUUHVSRQGLQJEXWQRWVLJQLIL FDQWLQFUHDVHLQWUDYHOE\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWEHWZHHQDQG 7UDYHO E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW LQFUHDVHG VLJQLILFDQWO\ IRU 6WUlQJQlV UHVLGHQWVEHWZHHQDQGEXWWKHUHLVQRVLJQLILFDQWGLIIHUHQFH LQ WKH VDPSOH SRSXODWLRQ·V MRXUQH\V E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW LQ WKH RWKHU FRPPXQLWLHV 7KHUH DUH QR GLIIHUHQFHV LQ VLJQLILFDQFH LI WKH VDPSOH SRSXODWLRQ·V UHVLGHQWV LQ 1\NYDUQ DQG 6WUlQJQl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he Svealand line 245 -RXUQH\V RXWVLGH KRPH FRPPXQLW\ E\ (VNLOVWXQD UHVLGHQWV OLYLQJ DW GLIIHUHQW GLVWDQFHVIURPWKHUDLOZD\VWDWLRQ 1RRIMRXUQH\V RXWVLGH KRPHFRPPXQLW\ RYHUSDVWGD\V (VNLOVWXQD NP VLJQ NP VLJQ NP VLJQ Car journeys of which along E20 0.83 0.25 ** 1.58 0.46 1.94 0.42 Publ. trpt. journeys of which along E20/Svealand line 0.46 * 0.06 0.34 0.46 0.25 0.05 0.11 0.25 1.29 1.62 2.28 1.29 0.50 0.51 0.53 0.50 36% 50% 4% 10% 15% 21% 36% 50% Total journeys of which along E20/Svealand line Publ. trpt. share total along E20/Svea. *** NP 0.83 0.25 The asterisks denote significant differences between the groups 7KH PDUNHGO\ ORZ QXPEHU RI MRXUQH\V E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW RXWVLGH UHVLGHQWV·KRPHFRPPXQLW\LQWKHJURXSZKROLYHDWF\FOLQJGLVWDQFH NPIURPWKHVWDWLRQPD\EHDFRQVHTXHQFHRIWRRVPDOODVDPSOH 6WUlQJQlV UHVLGHQWV VKRZ TXLWH RWKHU YDOXHV DQG SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW VKDUHV -RXUQH\V RXWVLGH KRPH FRPPXQLW\ E\ 6WUlQJQlV UHVLGHQWV OLYLQJ DW ZDONLQJ DQGF\FOLQJGLVWDQFHDQG 6WUlQJQlV 1RRIMRXUQH\V RXWVLGH KRPHFRPPXQLW\ RYHUSDVWGD\V NP VLJQ NP Car journeys 2.27 2.89 of which along E20 1.49 1.67 Publ. trpt. journeys of which along E20/Svealand line Total journeys of which along E20/Svealand line Publ. trpt. share total along E20/Sveal. NP VLJQ 1.81 0.82 *** 0.49 0.32 0.87 0.57 0.33 0.15 0.67 0.43 2.76 3.21 2.68 2.90 1.82 1.82 1.49 2.14 18% 18% 10% 8% 32% 45% 20% 20% The asterisks denote significant differences between the groups 246 NP 2.33 1.71 Introduction of regional high speed trains 7KH GLIIHUHQFHV LQ PDUNHW VKDUH IRU SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW DUH QRWLFHDEOH IRUUHVLGHQWVOLYLQJDWZDONLQJGLVWDQFHXSWRNPDQGF\FOLQJGLVWDQFH NPIURPWKHUDLOZD\VWDWLRQ)RUMRXUQH\VRXWVLGHWKHKRPHFRP PXQLW\SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWKDVGRXEOHWKHPDUNHWVKDUHLQURXQGILJXUHVRI WKRVH ZKR OLYH QHDU WKH VWDWLRQ LQ 6WUlQJQlV 7KLV LV WUXH ERWK EHIRUH DQGDIWHUWKH6YHDODQGOLQHRSHQHG )RU UHVLGHQWV DW ZDONLQJ GLVWDQFH IURP WKH UDLOZD\ VWDWLRQ MRXUQH\V E\FDUDORQJWKH(WKH6YHDODQGOLQHGHFUHDVHGGUDPDWLFDOO\EHWZHHQ DQG 7KH GHFUHDVH LV VLJQLILFDQW DQG LQ WKH ODWWHU \HDU WKHUHLVDFOHDUGLIIHUHQFHLQFDUWUDYHOGHSHQGLQJRQWKHGLVWDQFHIURP KRPHWRWKHVWDWLRQ %RWK6WUlQJQlVDQG(VNLOVWXQDUHVLGHQWV·WUDYHOYDULHVGHSHQGLQJRQ WKH GLVWDQFH WR WKH UDLOZD\ VWDWLRQ 3HRSOH OLYLQJ DW ZDONLQJ GLVWDQFH IURPWKHVWDWLRQWUDYHOVLJQLILFDQWO\OHVVE\FDURXWVLGHWKHLUKRPHFRP PXQLW\WKDQUHVLGHQWVOLYLQJDWF\FOLQJGLVWDQFHLQERWKDORQJWKH (WKH6YHDODQGOLQHDQGLQWRWDO7KHSHRSOHZKROLYHLQWKHFHQWUDO SDUWV RI WKH FRPPXQLWLHV WUDYHO PRVW E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW RXWVLGH WKHLU KRPHFRPPXQLWLHV 1\N|SLQJUHVLGHQWV·WUDYHO Svealandsbanan Boende Har åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil The Nyköping line Residents Kollektivresenärer Har åkt koll Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Kollektivresenärer Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil 7KHUH ZHUH QR VLJQLILFDQW FKDQJHV RYHU WKH SHULRG DV UHJDUGV 1\N|SLQJ UHVLGHQWV 7KH QXPEHU RI FDU MRXUQH\V RXWVLGH WKH KRPH FRPPXQLW\ RYHU WKH SDVW VHYHQ GD\V GHFUHDVHG KRZHYHU PRVW RI DOO EHWZHHQ DQG $ FORVHU DQDO\VLV RQ WKH RWKHU KDQG UHYHDOV WKDWZKHQWKHUHVSRQGHQWVDUHGHOLPLWHGWRUHVLGHQWVOLYLQJZLWKLQNP RI WKH UDLOZD\ VWDWLRQ WKH WRWDO QXPEHU RI MRXUQH\V E\ FDU RXWVLGH WKH KRPH FRPPXQLW\ GHFUHDVHG VLJQLILFDQWO\ EHWZHHQ DQG 3XEOLFWUDQVSRUW·VPDUNHWVKDUHKDVWKXVVHHQDQXSZDUGWUHQGLQWKH( FRUULGRUPDLQO\DVDUHVXOWRIWKHGHFUHDVHLQFDUWUDYHO7KHLQFUHDVHLQ PDUNHWVKDUHLVWKXVVLPLODUWRWKDWDORQJWKH6YHDODQGOLQHZLWKRXWDQ\ VXEVWDQWLDO FKDQJHV LQ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW VXSSO\ DQG GHPDQG DORQJ WKH 1\N|SLQJOLQH7KHGHPDQGIRUWUDLQMRXUQH\VRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQHRQ WKHRWKHUKDQGLQFUHDVHGRYHUWKHSHULRG The Svealand line 247 -RXUQH\VRXWVLGHKRPHFRPPXQLW\1\N|SLQJUHVLGHQWV 1RMRXUQH\VRXWVLGH KRPHFRPPXQLW\ RYHUSDVWGD\V 1\N|SLQJ 6LJQ VLJQ VLJQ Car journeys of which along E4 1.89 0.54 1.57 0.47 1.54 0.51 1.89 0.54 Public trpt. journeys of which along E4/Nyköping line 0.32 0.41 0.37 0.32 Total journeys of which along E4/Nyköping line Public trpt. share total along E4/Nyköping l. 0.13 0.17 0.23 0.13 2.21 1.98 1.91 2.21 0.67 0.64 0.74 0.67 14% 19% 21% 27% 19% 31% 14% 19% The asterisks denote significant differences between the years the studies were made 6RFLRHFRQRPLFIDFWRUVEHDULQJRQUHVLGHQWV·WUDYHO -RXUQH\VRXWVLGHKRPHFRPPXQLW\UHVLGHQWVRI6YHDFRQXUEDWLRQV$%'· 1RMRXUQH\VRXWVLGH 6YHDFRQXUEDWLRQV$%'¶ KRPHFRPPXQLW\ RYHUSDVWGD\V 6LJQ VLJQ VLJQ Car journeys of which along E20 2.82 1.77 2.34 1.59 2.54 1.60 2.82 1.77 Publ. trpt. journeys of which along E20/Svealand line. 0.64 0.71 0.80 0.42 0.47 0.59 3.46 3.05 3.34 3.46 2.19 2.06 2.19 2.19 18% 19% 23% 23% 24% 27% 18% 19% Total journeys of which along E20/Svealand line. Publ. trpt. share total along E20/Sveal. *** * 0.64 * 0.42 The asterisks denote significant differences between the years the studies were made ,QRUGHUWRFRPSDUHWKHFRPPXQLWLHVZLWKHDFKRWKHUWKH6YHDFRQ XUEDWLRQV $%'· JURXS ZDV FKRVHQ KHUH LH WKH FRQXUEDWLRQV DORQJ WKHOLQHZHLJKWHGE\WKHUHODWLRQEHWZHHQWKHVL]HRIWKHVDPSOHSRSXOD WLRQ DQG WKH QXPEHU RI LQKDELWDQWV LQ WKH DUHDV VWXGLHG LQ 1\NYDUQ 0DULHIUHG cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN 6WUlQJQlV DQG WKH FHQWUH RI (VNLOVWXQD 7KHGHOLPLWDWLRQVRIWKHDUHDVDUHGHVFULEHGLQPRUHGHWDLOLQFKDSWHU 248 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line Residents Har åkt koll Har åkt bil Nyköpingslinjen Boende Kollektivresenärer Har åkt koll Har ej åkt koll Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har ej åkt bil Har åkt bil Kollektivresenärer Har ej åkt koll Har ej åkt bil Har åkt bil Har ej åkt bil 5HVLGHQWV LQ WKH FRQXUEDWLRQV DORQJ WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH VKRZ VHYHUDO VLJQLILFDQW GLIIHUHQFHV LQ WKH DQDO\VLV 2QH FOHDU FKDQJH EHWZHHQ WKH \HDUV RI WKH VWXG\ LV WKH GHFUHDVH LQ FDU WUDYHO IURP WR 7RWDOFDUWUDYHOLVVLJQLILFDQWO\OHVVLQWKDQLWZDVLQ7UDYHO E\ SXEOLF WUDQVSRUW DORQJ WKH (WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH LQFUHDVHG VLJQLIL FDQWO\EHWZHHQDQG $FFHVVWRDFDU 7UDYHORXWVLGHKRPHFRPPXQLW\KDELWXDOPRWRULVWV GD\V 6YHDFRQXUE $%'¶ 1997 Significance 2000 &DUMRXUQH\V RIZKLFK WRWDO DORQJ( 3.70 2.37 3.39 2.18 3XEOLFWUDQVSRUWMRXUQH\V RIZKLFKDORQJ WRWDO (6YHDODQGOLQH 0.25 0.14 * * 0.50 0.38 The asterisks denote significant differences between the years 7UDYHORXWVLGHKRPHFRPPXQLW\IUHTXHQWLQIUHTXHQWPRWRULVWV GD\V 6YHDFRQXUE $%'¶ 1997 Significance 2000 &DUMRXUQH\V RIZKLFK WRWDO DORQJ( 2.57 1.63 3XEOLFWUDQVSRUWMRXUQH\V RIZKLFKDORQJ WRWDO (6YHDODQGOLQH 1.20 0.95 2.35 1.21 1.51 0.98 7UDYHORXWVLGHKRPHFRPPXQLW\QRQPRWRULVWV GD\V 6YHDFRQXUE $%'¶ 1997 Significance 2000 &DUMRXUQH\V RIZKLFK WRWDO DORQJ( 0.64 0.23 3XEOLFWUDQVSRUWMRXUQH\V RIZKLFKDORQJ WRWDO (6YHDODQGOLQH 1.03 0.50 0.67 1.08 0.28 0.66 7UDYHO RXWVLGH WKH KRPH FRPPXQLW\ YDULHV GHSHQGLQJ RQ DFFHVV WR D FDU 5HVLGHQWV RI 6YHD FRQXUEDWLRQV $%'· ZHUH GLYLGHG LQWR WKUHH FDWHJRULHVDFFRUGLQJWRDFFHVVWRDFDU7KHWKUHHFDWHJRULHVDUHKDELWXDO The Svealand line 249 PRWRULVWV ZKRDOZD\V KDYHDFFHVVWR DFDUIUHTXHQWLQIUHTXHQW PRWRU LVWVZKRPRVWRIWKHWLPHVRPHWLPHVRUDVDUXOHGRQRWKDYHDFFHVVWR DFDUZKLOHQRQPRWRULVWQHYHUKDYHDFFHVVWRDFDURUGRQRWKDYHDFDU LQWKHKRXVHKROG +DELWXDO PRWRULVWV·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LQWKHDQGVXUYH\V 5HVLGHQWV·VFRUHTXHVWLRQVDQG 3DUDPHWHUYDOXHVRIWKHUHJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV RIUHVLGHQWV·VFRUH 3DUDPHWHUYDOXHV GLYLGHGE\VRFLRHFRQRPLFIDFWRUV /HYHOVRISXEOLFWUDQVSRUWSDVVHQJHU·V63VWXGLHV 3DUDPHWHUYDOXHV SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWSDVVHQJHU·V63VWXGLHV 7UDYHOE\WUDLQDQGDFFHVVLELOLW\FDOFXODWLRQV ZLWK6DPSHUV 7HFKQLFDOUHSRUWIURPWKHDFFHVVLELOLW\VWXG\ 7KH6DPSHUVDFFHVVLELOLW\VWXG\WHFKQLFDOUHSRUWLVQRWWUDQV ODWHGWR(QJOLVKDQGSXEOLVKHGLQWKH6ZHGLVKHGLWLRQRQO\ 5HDOWUDYHOOLQJWLPHVRIWKHW\SLFDOMRXUQH\V 0DLOTXHVWLRQQDLUHIRUVXUYH\DUHD (VNLOVWXQD The Svealand line 335 Appendix 1:1 6XUYH\DUHDV $UHD *URVVVDP SOH 3RVWDOFRGHDUHDV 4XHV WLRQ QDLUH 1 Stockholm 215 112 xx-118 xx, 120 xx A 2 Södertälje 215 151 xx, 152 xx A 3 Örebro 215 70x xx B 4 Nyköping 250 611 30-66 C 5 Nykvarn 250 155 30-34 D 6 Eskilstuna, centre 250 632 20, 21, 25 E 7 Eskilstuna 250 See area 6 E 8 Strängnäs 250 645 30-34, 40-44, 50, 51 F 9 Mariefred conurbation, Läggesta, Åkers styckebruk 250 640 60, 647 30-32, 92 G 15 Nykvarn rural areas 16 Eskilstuna rural areas 17 Eskilstuna rural areas 18 Strängnäs rural areas 30 645 91 F 19 Mariefred, Åkers styckebruk rural areas 83 640 60, 647 91, 93 G 7RWDO Total 336 19 155 91, 93, 94 644 30-36 118 635 06, 07, 10-13, 18, 19 250 2 395 Introduction of regional high speed trains D E E Appendix 1:2 6XUYH\DUHDVDQG &RPSDUHGWRWKHVXUYH\WKHVXUYH\DUHDVKDYHLQFHUWDLQFDVHV EHHQFKDQJHGDVZHOODVLQFOXGHGSRVWDOFRGHV $UHD *URVV VDP 3RVWDOFRGHDUHD SOH 4XHVW LRQ QDLUH 1 Stockholm 215 - 112-118 xx, 120 xx A 2 Södertälje 215 - 151 xx, 152 xx A 3 Örebro 215 - 70x xx B 4 Nyköping 250 499 611 30-66 C 5 Nykvarn 250 496 155 30-34 D 6 Eskilstuna, centre 250 247 632 20, 25-27 E 7 Eskilstuna 250 247 632 21-23, 28-37, 633 40-62 F 8 Strängnäs 250 498 645 30-34, 40-44, 50,51 G 9 Mariefred conurbation, Åkers styckebruk incl. rural area 250 497 640 60, 647 30-32 H 15 Nykvarn rural area 17 16 Eskilstuna rural area 142 20 155 91, 93, 94 D 632 39, 633 69-70, 358 644 30-36 F 635 02-20, 640 43 F 17 Eskilstuna rural area 18 Strängnäs rural area 44 80 640 61, 645 91-94 G 19 Läggesta, Mariefred rural area 47 39 647 91-93 H 7RWDO Total gross sample 2 395 2 981 The Svealand line 337 Appendix 2:1 /HYHOVRIIDFWRUVLQTXHVWLRQLQWKHVXUYH\ -RXUQH\WR6WRFN KROPIURP A Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare B Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare C Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare D Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare E Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare F Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare 338 (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV /lJJHVWD 1\NYDUQ 1\N|SLQJ Bus 2:00 1 hr 70 Skr Bus 1:30 1 hr 60 Skr Bus 1:10 1 hr 45 Skr Bus 1:00 1 hr 30 Skr Bus 1:30 1 hr 70 Skr Bus 2:00 1 hr 120 Skr Bus 1:30 1 hr 100 Skr Bus 1:10 1 hr 80 Skr Bus 1:00 1 hr 55 Skr Bus 1:30 1 hr 130 Skr Ord. train 1:30 1 hr 70 Skr Ord. train 1:00 1 hr 60 Skr Ord. train 0:50 1 hr 45 Skr Ord. train 0:45 1 hr 30 Skr Ord. train 1:00 1 hr 70 Skr Ord. train 1:30 1 hr 120 Skr Ord. train 1:00 1 hr 100 Skr Ord. train 0:50 1 hr 80 Skr Ord. train 0:45 1 hr 55 Skr Ord. train 1:00 1 hr 130 Skr HS train 1:00 1 hr 70 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 60 Skr HS train 0:35 1 hr 45 Skr HS train 0:30 1 hr 30 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 70 Skr HS train 1:00 1 hr 120 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 100 Skr HS train 0:35 1 hr 80 Skr HS train 0:30 1 hr 55 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 130 Skr Introduction of regional high speed trains Appendix 2:2 /HYHOVRIIDFWRUVLQTXHVWLRQLQWKHVXUYH\ -RXUQH\WR6WRFN KROPIURP A Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare B Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare C Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare D Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare E Travel mode (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV /lJJHVWD 1\NYDUQ 1\N|SLQJ HS train 1:00 1 hr 70 Skr HS train 1:00 1 hr 60 Skr HS train 0:50 1 hr 45 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 30 Skr HS train 1:00 1 hr 70 Skr HS train 1:00 2 hr 120 Skr HS train 1:00 0,5 hr 100 Skr HS train 0:50 0,5 hr 80 Skr HS train 0:45 0,5 hr 55 Skr HS train 1:00 2 hr 130 Skr HS train 0:45 2 hr 70 Skr HS train 0:45 0,5 hr 60 Skr HS train 0:35 0,5 hr 45 Skr HS train 0:30 0,5 hr 30 Skr HS train 0:45 2 hr 70 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 120 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 100 Skr HS train 0:35 1 hr 80 Skr HS train 0:30 1 hr 55 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 130 Skr Own car Cost Travelling time Own car Cost Travelling time Own car Cost Travelling time Own car Cost Travelling time Own car Cost Travelling time The Svealand line 339 Appendix 2:3 /HYHOVRIIDFWRUVLQTXHVWLRQLQWKHDQGVXU YH\V -RXUQH\WR6WRFN KROPIURP A Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare B Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare C Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare D Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare E Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare F Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare G Travel mode (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV /lJJHVWD 1\NYDUQ 1\N|SLQJ Bus 2:00 1 hr 70 Skr Bus 1:30 1 hr 60 Skr Bus 1:10 1 hr 45 Skr Bus 1:00 1 hr 30 Skr Bus 1:30 1 hr 70 Skr Bus 1:30 1 hr 120 Skr Bus 1:00 1 hr 100 Skr Bus 0:50 1 hr 80 Skr Bus 0:45 1 hr 55 Skr Bus 1:15 1 hr 130 Skr Ord. train 1:15 1 hr 70 Skr Ord. train 0:45 1 hr 60 Skr Ord. train 0:35 1 hr 45 Skr Ord. train 0:30 1 hr 30 Skr Ord. train 1:00 1 hr 70 Skr Ord. train 1:30 1 hr 120 Skr Ord. train 1:00 1 hr 100 Skr Ord. train 0:50 1 hr 80 Skr Ord. train 0:45 1 hr 55 Skr Ord. train 1:15 1 hr 130 Skr HS train 1:15 1 hr 70 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 60 Skr HS train 0:35 1 hr 45 Skr HS train 0:30 1 hr 30 Skr HS train 1:00 1 hr 70 Skr HS train 1:00 1 hr 120 Skr HS train 0:35 1 hr 100 Skr HS train 0:25 1 hr 80 Skr HS train 0:25 1 hr 55 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 130 Skr Own car Cost Travelling time Own car Cost Travelling time Own car Cost Travelling time Own car Cost Travelling time Own car Cost Travelling time * Residents in the centre of Eskilstuna, area 6, had the levels of the 1997 survey also in the 1998 and 2002 surveys 340 Introduction of regional high speed trains Appendix 2:4 /HYHOVRIIDFWRUVLQTXHVWLRQLQWKHDQGVXU YH\V -RXUQH\WR6WRFN KROPIURP A Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare B Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare C Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare D Travel mode Travelling time Frequency Fare (VNLOVWXQD 6WUlQJQlV /lJJHVWD 1\NYDUQ 1\N|SLQJ HS train 1:00 1 hr 70 Skr HS train 1:00 1 hr 60 Skr HS train 0:50 1 hr 45 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 30 Skr HS train 1:00 1 hr 70 Skr HS train 1:00 2 hr 120 Skr HS train 1:00 0,5 hr 100 Skr HS train 0:50 0,5 hr 80 Skr HS train 0:45 0,5 hr 55 Skr HS train 1:00 2 hr 130 Skr HS train 0:45 2 hr 70 Skr HS train 0:45 0,5 hr 60 Skr HS train 0:35 0,5 hr 45 Skr HS train 0:30 0,5 hr 30 Skr HS train 0:45 2 hr 70 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 120 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 100 Skr HS train 0:35 1 hr 80 Skr HS train 0:30 1 hr 55 Skr HS train 0:45 1 hr 130 Skr * Residents in the centre of Eskilstuna, area 6, had the levels of the 1997 survey also in the 1998 and 2002 surveys The Svealand line 341 Appendix 3 5HVLGHQWV·VFRUHTXHVWLRQVDQG 0HDQVFRUHUHVLGHQWVLQ1\NYDUQ Q Q Q 4.1A Bus, 1:00/1hr/30Skr 5,5 (5,1-6,0) 4,6 (4,1-5,1) 4,4 (4,1-4,8) 4.1B Bus, 1:00/1hr/55Skr 2,7 (2,4-3,1) 3,4 (3,1-3,8) 3,7 (3,4-4,0) 4.1B Bus 0:45/1hr/55Skr 4.1C Train 0:45/1hr/30Skr 7,0 (6,6-7,3) 4.1C Train 0:30/1hr/30Skr 7,8 (7,4-8,1) 7,4 (7,0-7,7) 3,9 (3,6-4,3) 3,9 (3,5-4,3) 4,3 (4,0-4,6) 4.1E HS train 0:30/1hr/30Skr 9,4 (9,2-9,6) 9,2 (9,0-9,5) 9,0 (8,8-9,2) 4.1F HS train 0:30/1hr/55Skr 5,9 (5,5-6,3) 4.1D Train 0:45/1hr/55Skr 4.1F HS train 0:25/1hr/55Skr 6,2 (5,8-6,6) 6,8 (6,5-7,1) Q Q Q 4.2A HS train 0:45/1hr/30Skr 7,0 (6,6-7,4) 6,7 (6,3-7,1) 6,6 (6,3-6,9) 4.2B HS train 0:45/0.5hr/55Skr 4,9 (4,5-5,3) 5,1 (4,7-5,5) 5,3 (5,0-5,6) 4.2C HS train 0:30/0.5hr/30Skr 9,7 (9,6-9,8) 9,5 (9,3-9,7) 9,5 (9,3-9,6) 4.2D HS train 0:30/1hr/55Skr 5,8 (5,4-6,2) 6,0 (5,6-6,4) 6,2 (5,9-6,5) Q Q Q 4.2E Car 7,6 (7,0-8,2) 4.1G Car Car travelling time Car cost 7,3 (6,8-7,8) 6,7 (6,3-7,1) 40 mins 44 mins 47 mins 52 Skr 69 Skr 75 Skr 0HDQ VFRUH FRQILGHQFH LQWHUYDO IRU GLIIHUHQW MRXUQH\ VXJJHVWLRQV EHWZHHQ WKH UHVSRQGHQW·VGRPLFLOHDQGWKHFHQWUHRI6WRFNKROPDWDUDWLQJVFDOHRIZKHUH LVH[FHOOHQW7UDYHOOLQJWLPHDQGFRVWIRUWKHFDUDOWHUQDWLYHDUHJLYHQDVWULPPHG PHDQYDOXHVIRUWKRVHZKRKDGSRVVLELOLW\WRGULYHDFDURUKDYHDOLIW3OHDVHQRWH WKDWTXHVWLRQV)DQG'DUHWKHVDPHLQWKHVXUYH\ 342 Introduction of regional high speed trains 0HDQVFRUHUHVLGHQWVLQ0DULHIUHGDQGcNHUVVW\FNHEUXN Q Q Q 4.1A Bus 1:10/1hr/45Skr 6,3 (5,9-6,7) 5,1 (4,5-5,7) 4,9 (4,5-5,3) 4.1B Bus 1:10/1hr/80Skr 2,6 (2,3-2,8) 3,5 (3,1-3,9) 3,5 (3,2-3,8) 4.1B Bus 0:50/1hr/80Skr 4.1C Train 0:50/1hr/45Skr 7,3 (7,0-7,7) 4.1C Train 0:35/1hr/45Skr 7,8 (7,4-8,2) 8,2 (7,9-8,5) 3,3 (3,0-3,7) 3,8 (3,4-4,3) 3,9 (3,6-4,2) 4.1E HS train 0:35/1hr/45Skr 9,2 (9,0-9,5) 9,0 (8,6-9,3) 9,1 (8,8-9,3) 4.1F HS train 0:35/1hr/80Skr 4,7 (4,3-5,1) 4.1D Train 0:50/1hr/80Skr 4.1F HS train 0:25/1hr/80Skr 5,5 (5,0-6,0) 5,6 (5,2-6,0) Q Q Q 4.2A HS train 0:50/1hr/45Skr 7,4 (7,1-7,7) 6,9 (6,5-7,4) 6,7 (6,3-7,0) 4.2B HS train 0:50/0.5hr/80Skr 4,0 (3,6-4,3) 4,0 (3,5-4,5) 4,0 (3,6-4,3) 4.2C HS train 0:35/0.5hr/45Skr 9,0 (8,8-9,3) 9,2 (8,9-9,5) 9,4 (9,2-9,6) 4.2D HS train 0:35/1hr/80Skr 4,8 (4,4-5,2) 5,2 (4,7-5,7) 5,0 (4,7-5,4) Q Q Q 4.2E Car 8,2 (6,8-9,6) 4.1G Car Car cost Car travelling time 7,4 (6,9-7,8) 7,4 (7,0-7,8) 74 Skr 90 Skr 108 Skr 54 mins 58 mins 60 mins 0HDQ VFRUH FRQILGHQFH LQWHUYDO IRU GLIIHUHQW MRXUQH\ VXJJHVWLRQV EHWZHHQ WKH UHVSRQGHQW·VGRPLFLOHDQGWKHFHQWUHRI6WRFNKROPDWDUDWLQJVFDOHRIZKHUH LVH[FHOOHQW7UDYHOOLQJWLPHDQGFRVWIRUWKHFDUDOWHUQDWLYHDUHJLYHQDVWULPPHG PHDQYDOXHVIRUWKRVHZKRKDGSRVVLELOLW\WRGULYHDFDURUKDYHDOLIW3OHDVHQRWH WKDWTXHVWLRQV)DQG'DUHWKHVDPHLQWKHVXUYH\ The Svealand line 343 0HDQVFRUHUHVLGHQWVLQ6WUlQJQlV Q Q Q 4.1A Buss 1:30/1hr/60Skr 4,7 (4,3-5,1) 4,0 (3,5-4,5) 4,0 (3,7-4,4) 4.1B Buss 1:30/1hr/100Skr 2,5 (2,2-2,8) 3,3 (2,9-3,7) 3,7 (3,4-4,0) 4.1B Buss 1:00/1hr/100Skr 4.1C Train 1:00/1hr/60Skr 7,4 (7,0-7,7) 4.1C Train 0:45/1hr/60Skr 8,0 (7,6-8,4) 8,0 (7,7-8,2) 4,0 (3,6-4,3) 4,2 (3,7-4,7) 4,5 (4,2-4,8) 4.1E HS train 0:45/1hr/60Skr 9,6 (9,4-9,7) 9,1 (8,8-9,3) 9,2 (9,0-9,3) 4.1F HS train 0:45/1hr/100Skr 5,5 (5,1-6,0) 4.1D Train 1:00/1hr/100Skr 4.1F HS train 0:35/1hr/100Skr 6,1 (5,5-6,6) 6,7 (6,4-7,0) Q Q Q 4.2A HS train 1:00/1hr/60Skr 8,1 (7,8-8,4) 7,5 (7,1-7,9) 7,5 (7,2-7,8) 4.2B HS train 1:00/0.5hr/100Skr 5,1 (4,7-5,5) 5,3 (4,8-5,8) 5,5 (5,2-5,8) 4.2C HS train 0:45/0.5hr/60Skr 9,4 (9,2-9,6) 9,4 (9,2-9,7) 9,5 (9,4-9,6) 4.2D HS train 0:45/1hr/100Skr 5,8 (5,4-6,2) 5,7 (5,2-6,2) 6,1 (5,7-6,4) Q Q Q 4.2E Car 7,7 (7,2-8,1) 4.1G Car Car cost Car travelling time 7,5 (7,0-8,0) 6,5 (6,1-6,9) 95 Skr 109 Skr 120 Skr 64 mins 66 mins 66 mins 0HDQ VFRUH FRQILGHQFH LQWHUYDO IRU GLIIHUHQW MRXUQH\ VXJJHVWLRQV EHWZHHQ WKH UHVSRQGHQW·VGRPLFLOHDQGWKHFHQWUHRI6WRFNKROPDWDUDWLQJVFDOHRIZKHUH LVH[FHOOHQW7UDYHOOLQJWLPHDQGFRVWIRUWKHFDUDOWHUQDWLYHDUHJLYHQDVWULPPHG PHDQYDOXHVIRUWKRVHZKRKDGSRVVLELOLW\WRGULYHDFDURUKDYHDOLIW3OHDVHQRWH WKDWTXHVWLRQV)DQG'DUHWKHVDPHLQWKHVXUYH\ 344 Introduction of regional high speed trains 0HDQVFRUHUHVLGHQWVLQFHQWUHDQGWKHUHVWRIWKHWRZQLQ(VNLOVWXQD Q 4.1A Buss 2:00/1hr/70Skr 5,2 (4,9-5,5) (7) Q Q 4,6 (4,1-5,1) 3,9 (3,5-4,3) 2,1 (1,8-2,4) 3,6 (3,2-3,9) Q Q 4,6 (4,0-5,2) 3,8 (3,4-4,2) 2,2 (1,8-2,6) 3,6 (3,2-3,9) 4.1B Buss 2:00/1hr/120Skr 4.1B (7) Buss 1:30/1hr/120Skr 2,4 (2,2-2,6) 4.1C Train 1:30/1hr/70Skr 4.1C (7) Train 1:15/1hr/70Skr 7,1 (6,9-7,3) 6,9 (6,5-7,4) 7,4 (7,0-7,7) 6,8 (6,2-7,3) 7,3 (6,9-7,7) 3,8 (3,6-4,1) 3,7 (3,3-4,1) 4,4 (4,1-4,8) 9,6 (9,5-9,8) 8,8 (8,5-9,1) 3,7 (3,2-4,2) 4,2 (3,8-4,6) 9,3 (9,0-9,6) 8,6 (8,3-8,9) 4.1D Train 1:30/1hr/120Skr (7) 4.1E HS train 1:00/1hr/70Skr 4.1E (7) HS train 1:15/1hr/70Skr 9,4 (9,3-9,6) 4.1F HS train 1:00/1hr/120Skr (7) 5,8 (5,5-6,1) 5,7 (5,2-6,2) 6,9 (6,5-7,2) 6,0 (5,5-6,6) 6,8 (6,4-7,2) Q Q Q 9,2 (8,9-9,4) 9,2 (8,9-9,4) Q Q 9,3 (9,1-9,6) 8,9 (8,7-9,2) 4,6 (4,1-5,2) 5,4 (5,1-5,8) 8,5 (8,2-8,9) 8,6 (8,2-8,8) 6,1 (5,6-6,7) 6,8 (6,4-7,2) 5,0 (4,4-5,6) 5,1 (4,7-5,5) 8,0 (7,5-8,5) 8,4 (8,0-8,7) 6,3 (5,7-7,0) 6,8 (6,3-7,2) Q Q 7,3 (6,6-7,9) 8,1 (7,7-8,5) Q Q 6,7 (5,7-7,7) 7,6 (7,3-8,0) 128 Skr 137 Skr 95 mins 90 mins 137 Skr 153 Skr 91 mins 89 mins 4.2A HS train 1:00/1hr/70Skr (7) 8,9 (8,7-9,1) 4.2B HS train 1:00/2hr/120Skr (7) 5,0 (4,7-5,3) 4.2C HS train 0:45/2hr/70Skr (7) 8,9 (8,7-9,1) 4.2D HS train 0:45/1hr/120Skr (7) 6,2 (5,8-6,5) Q 4.2E Car 4.1G Car 7,4 (7,0-7,8) (7) Car cost 115 Skr (7) Car travelling time 89 mins (7) 0HDQ VFRUH FRQILGHQFH LQWHUYDO IRU GLIIHUHQW MRXUQH\ VXJJHVWLRQV EHWZHHQ WKH UHVSRQGHQW·VGRPLFLOHDQGWKHFHQWUHRI6WRFNKROPDWDUDWLQJVFDOHRIZKHUH LVH[FHOOHQW7UDYHOOLQJWLPHDQGFRVWIRUWKHFDUDOWHUQDWLYHDUHJLYHQDVWULPPHG PHDQYDOXHVIRUWKRVHZKRKDGSRVVLELOLW\WRGULYHDFDURUKDYHDOLIW3OHDVHQRWH WKDWTXHVWLRQV(DQG$DUHWKHVDPHLQWKHVXUYH\DQGLQDUHDDOVR LQDQG The Svealand line 345 0HDQVFRUHUHVLGHQWVLQ1\N|SLQJ Q Q Q 4.1A Buss 1:30/1hr/70Skr 6,0 (5,6-6,4) 6,2 (5,6-6,8) 6,1 (5,7-6,4) 4.1B Buss 1:30/1hr/130Skr 2,8 (2,5-3,1) 3,8 (3,3-4,2) 3,4 (3,1-3,7) 8,6 (8,2-9,0) 8,5 (8,2-8,8) 4,7 (4,2-5,2) 4,1 (3,8-4,5) 8,9 (8,5-9,3) 9,0 (8,7-9,2) 5,2 (4,8-5,7) 6,4 (5,8-7,0) 6,2 (5,8-6,5) Q Q Q 4.2A HS train 1:00/1hr/70Skr 8,6 (8,2-8,9) 8,8 (8,4-9,2) 9,0 (8,8-9,3) 4.2B HS train 1:00/2hr/130Skr 4,4 (3,9-4,8) 4,7 (4,2-5,2) 4,6 (4,3-5,0) 4.2C HS train 0:45/2hr/70Skr 7,8 (7,4-8,2) 7,8 (7,3-8,3) 8,1 (7,8-8,4) 4.2D HS train 0:45/1hr/130Skr 5,3 (4,9-5,7) 5,9 (5,3-6,4) 5,9 (5,5-6,3) Q Q Q 4.2E Car 7,7 (7,0-8,3) 4.1B Buss 1:15/1hr/130Skr 4.1C Train 1:00/1hr/70Skr 8,1 (7,8-8,5) 4.1D Train 1:00/1hr/130Skr 4,4 (4,0-4,8) 4.1D Train 1:15/1hr/130Skr 4.1E HS train 0:45/1hr/70Skr 8,9 (8,5-9,2) 4.1E HS train 1:00/1hr/70Skr 4.1F HS train 0:45/1hr/130Skr 4.1G Car 7,9 (7,4-8,4) 7,5 (7,1-7,8) Car cost 124 Skr 144 Skr 142 Skr Car travelling time 72 mins 76 mins 74 mins 0HDQ VFRUH FRQILGHQFH LQWHUYDO IRU GLIIHUHQW MRXUQH\ VXJJHVWLRQV EHWZHHQ WKH UHVSRQGHQW·VGRPLFLOHDQGWKHFHQWUHRI6WRFNKROPDWDUDWLQJVFDOHRIZKHUH LVH[FHOOHQW7UDYHOOLQJWLPHDQGFRVWIRUWKHFDUDOWHUQDWLYHDUHJLYHQDVWULPPHG PHDQYDOXHVIRUWKRVHZKRKDGSRVVLELOLW\WRGULYHDFDURUKDYHDOLIW3OHDVHQRWH WKDW TXHVWLRQV ) DQG ' DUH WKH VDPH LQ WKH VXUYH\ DQG ( DQG $LQWKHDQGVXUYH\V 346 Introduction of regional high speed trains Appendix 4:1 3DUDPHWHUYDOXHVRIWKHUHJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHVRI UHVLGHQWV·VFRUH 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV1\NYDUQ R 0,475 0,454 0,416 df regression 5 5 5 df total 1420 1354 2151 2 &I%XV (constant) E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 18,729 22,278 16,021 24,641 15,000 29,078 Train -0,607 -2,446 HS train 0,848 3,742 0,982 5,454 Travelling time -0,131 -11,877 -0,107 -13,571 -0,108 -17,138 Frequency -1,540 -4,678 -1,648 -4,916 -1,546 -5,820 Pris -0,124 -26,442 -0,111 -23,384 -0,0885 -23,460 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV0DULHIUHGDQGcNHUVVW\FNHEUXN R 0,498 0,429 0,451 df regression 5 5 5 df total 1724 1044 1871 2 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH (constant) 18,166 20,728 16,600 20,138 17,951 29,790 Train -0,846 -3,183 HS train -0,605 -1,713 -0,0874 -8,531 -0,0843 -10,009 -0,0998 -16,112 Frequency -1,015 -2,476 -1,421 -4,779 Price -0,114 -36,988 -0,0998 -24,054 -0,101 -33,241 Travelling time R2 : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. The Svealand line 347 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV0DULHIUHG R2 0,488 0,437 0,437 df regression 5 5 5 df total 892 543 1155 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 19,344 15,413 17,415 15,078 17,589 23,036 Train -1,166 -3,071 HS train -1,101 -2,181 Travelling time -0,101 -6,859 -0,0901 -7,638 -0,102 -13,034 Frequency -0,864 -1,966 -1,345 -2,346 -1,386 -3,679 Price -0,114 -25,980 -0,104 -17,982 -0,0945 -24,417 (constant) 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHVcNHUVVW\FNHEUXN R 0,513 0,430 0,480 df regression 5 5 5 2 df total FI%XV 831 500 715 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH (constant) 16,928 13,929 15,696 13,505 18,551 18,995 Train HS train 0,718 1,815 Travelling time -0,0736 -5,175 -0,0775 -6,530 -0,0957 -9,557 Frequency -0,657 -1,136 -1,483 -3,074 Price -0,114 -26,510 -0,0947 -16,189 -0,113 -22,811 R2 : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 348 Introduction of regional high speed trains 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV6WUlQJQlV R2 0,523 0,478 0,474 df regression 5 5 5 df total 1516 1077 2190 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH (constant) 17,073 15,835 16,527 20,430 16,382 29,752 Train 0,872 3,374 0,646 3,729 1,409 5,301 1,291 7,200 -0,0722 -7,001 -0,0698 -10,289 -0,0768 -16,735 -1,465 -3,997 -1,297 -5,150 -0,0814 -29,971 -0,0771 -22,872 -0,0685 -29,896 HS train Travelling time Frequency Price 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV(VNLOVWXQDDUHD R 0,526 0,555 0,531 df regression 5 5 5 2 df total FI%XV (constant) Train HS train Travelling time Frequency Price 2833 977 736 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 14,155 15,142 13,337 8,187 11,277 6,096 0,777 3,067 1,299 2,951 1,603 3,196 3,541 3,868 4,059 1,940 4,027 2,968 -0,0286 -3,880 -0,726 -6,559 -1,122 -5,830 -1,265 -5,776 -0,0652 -41,734 -0,0667 -24,720 -0,0600 -19,353 R2 : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. The Svealand line 349 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV(VNLOVWXQDDUHD R2 0,526 0,489 0,435 df regression 5 5 5 df total 2833 1274 1473 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 14,155 15,142 13,747 18,641 14,503 18,906 Train 0,777 3,067 1,263 5,871 1,038 4,625 HS train 1,940 4,027 2,358 8,146 2,072 6,859 Travelling time -0,0286 -3,880 -0,0408 -7,464 -0,0468 -8,205 Frequency -0,726 -6,559 -1,228 -7,765 -1,389 -8,478 -0,0652 -41,734 -0,0475 -20,450 -0,0484 -20,040 (constant) Price 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV(VNLOVWXQDZKROH R 0,526 0,513 0,464 df regression 5 5 5 2 df total FI%XV (constant) Train HS train Travelling time Frequency Price 2833 2252 2210 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 14,155 15,142 14,518 23,536 14,337 22,277 0,777 3,067 1,044 5,737 0,977 5,116 1,940 4,027 2,126 7,781 2,131 7,662 -0,0286 -3,880 -0,0400 -8,635 -0,0411 -8,525 -0,726 -6,559 -1,209 -9,870 -1,361 -10,400 -0,0652 -41,734 -0,0558 -31,587 -0,0518 -27,204 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 350 Introduction of regional high speed trains 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV1\N|SLQJ R2 0,423 0,389 0,434 df regression 5 5 5 df total 1373 843 1868 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 11,783 11,133 13,880 14,091 14,448 21,730 Train 1,613 4,001 1,165 4,021 1,048 5,412 HS train 2,221 4,329 1,557 4,128 1,713 6,753 -0,0303 -2,908 -0,0351 -4,996 (constant) Travelling time Frequency -0,854 -4,848 -1,215 -5,815 -1,156 -8,116 -0,0580 -27,942 -0,0516 -19,799 -0,0565 -32,146 Price 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. The Svealand line 351 Appendix 4:2 3DUDPHWHUYDOXHVGLYLGHGE\VRFLRHFRQRPLF IDFWRUV 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV6WUlQJQlVE\JHQGHU :RPHQ 2 0HQ R 0,493 0,462 df regression 5 5 df total FI%XV (constant) Train HS train Travelling time Frequency Price 1052 1137 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 17,152 21,185 15,676 21,010 0,758 2,978 0,542 2,303 1,249 4,740 1,328 5,461 -0,0779 -11,551 -0,0758 -12,190 -1,359 -3,666 -1,240 -3,636 -0,0773 -22,969 -0,0603 -19,418 R2 : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV6WUlQJQlVE\RFFXSDWLRQ *DLQIXO HPSOR\HG 2 1RWJ HPSOR\ R 0,482 0,485 df regression 5 5 df total 1419 670 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 15,556 23,448 18,149 17,572 Train 0,800 3,846 HS train 1,535 7,115 0,791 2,344 -13,648 -0,0808 -9,358 (constant) Travelling time -0,0753 Frequency -1,222 Price -0,0607 -4,021 -1,403 -2,976 -22,015 -0,0844 -19,601 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 352 Introduction of regional high speed trains 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV6WUlQJQlVE\DJH $JH $JH R2 0,474 0,486 df regression 5 5 df total 313 1621 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH (constant) 16,194 11,642 16,268 25,511 Train 0,795 3,972 0,823 1,820 1,452 6,992 Travelling time -0,0733 -6,322 -0,0788 -14,846 Frequency -1,417 -2,239 -1,307 -4,475 -0,0707 -12,189 -0,0663 -25,009 HS train Price 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV6WUlQJQlVE\HGXFDWLRQ 8SSHUVHF RQGVFKRRO 2 8QLYHUVLW\ R 0,474 0,544 df regression 5 5 df total FI%XV (constant) Train HS train Travelling time Frequency Price 937 764 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 16,361 20,081 16,863 18,816 0,933 3,362 1,076 4,043 1,518 5,246 -0,0763 -11,194 -0,0883 -11,931 -1,104 -2,975 -1,504 -3,632 -0,0693 -20,405 -0,0679 -18,295 R2 : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. The Svealand line 353 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV6WUlQJQlVE\KRXVHKROGLQFRPH 6NU ! 6NU R2 0,383 0,553 df regression 5 5 df total 390 387 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 16,507 11,290 16,529 13,553 Train HS train 0,867 1,816 1,579 3,965 Travelling time -0,0708 -5,804 -0,0927 -9,100 Frequency -1,510 -2,259 -1,478 -2,651 -0,0690 -11,343 -0,0594 -11,707 (constant) Price 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV6WUlQJQlVE\FDUDFFHVV +DELWXDO PRWRULVWV )UHTX LQIUHTX PRWRULVWV 1RQ PRWRULVWV R2 0,510 0,474 0,426 df regression 5 5 5 df total 1090 781 309 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 16,062 21,661 16,076 17,596 18,345 11,054 Train 0,867 3,727 0,713 2,481 HS train 1,564 0,241 1,350 4,531 Travelling time -0,0773 -12,537 -0,0762 -10,001 -0,0780 -5,611 Frequency -1,378 -4,055 -1,215 -0,0644 -20,893 -0,0662 -17,436 -0,0880 -12,698 (constant) Price -2,904 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 354 Introduction of regional high speed trains 5HJUHVVLRQDQDO\VHV6WUlQJQlVE\GLVWDQFHGRPLFLOH²VWDWLRQ NP NP R2 0,513 0,446 df regression 5 5 df total 1065 970 FI%XV E WYDOXH E WYDOXH 16,493 21,865 16,310 18,955 Train 0,790 3,322 0,565 2,092 HS train 1,418 5,776 1,233 4,403 Travelling time -0,0759 -12,069 -0,0786 -10,972 Frequency -1,227 -3,560 -1,357 -3,443 -0,0718 -22,864 -0,0647 -18,080 (constant) Price 2 R : Degree of explanation df : Degrees of freedom Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. The Svealand line 355 Appendix 5 /HYHOVRISXEOLFWUDQVSRUWSDVVHQJHU·V63VWXGLHV )DFWRU /HYHOV Travel mode and Travelling time Bus: Random about 180% of real travelling time Car Ord. Train: HS train: Extra fast HS Random Random train: Random about 130% of about 110% of about 50% of real travelling real travelling real travelling time time time Only if the passenger has car as an alternative. No travelling time, frequency of service or cost are given 7KHOHYHOVEHORZFDQEHFRPELQHGIUHHO\ZLWKWUDYHOPRGHDQG WUDYHOOLQJWLPHH[FHSWFDU 1 hr (more 2 hr (more 3 hr (more Frequency 0,5 hr (more often in peak often in peak often in peak often in peak of service hour) hour) hour) hour) 50% of real 100% of real 120% of real 160% of real Fare fare fare fare fare 356 Introduction of regional high speed trains Appendix 6 3DUDPHWHUYDOXHVSXEOLFWUDQVSRUWSDVVHQJHU·V 63VWXGLHV /RJLWDQDO\VHVSULFH7KH6YHDODQGOLQHZLWKRXWFDU 0,41 0,35 2 “R ” No. of observations 557 632 E WYDOXH Bus -1,129 -3,1 Train -0,456 -1,9 HS train E WYDOXH 0,774 3,1 1,397 4,3 FI)UHTXHQF\KU Frequency 1hr Frequency 2hr Frequency 3hr -1,160 -4,7 -1,052 -5,1 Price % -0,0310 -10,8 -0,0212 -9,9 Travelling time -0,0246 -4,0 -0,0177 -3,7 * Analysis by Karl Kottenhoff, Royal Institute of Technology “R2” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. /RJLWDQDO\VHVQXPHULFDOWKH6YHDODQGOLQHZLWKRXWFDURQO\SDVVHQJHUVZLWK VLQJOHWLFNHWVDW6NUPD[LPXP “R2” 0,43 0,38 No. of observations 388 429 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH Train 0,634 1,9 0,982 3,1 HS train 1,548 3,6 Travelling time (minute) -0,0360 -4,5 -0,0187 -2,9 Frequency (minute) -0,0079 -4,1 -0,0046 -3,1 Price (Skr) -0,0374 -8,9 -0,0216 -8,2 2 “R ” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. The Svealand line 357 /RJLWDQDO\VHVSULFHDOOSDVVHQJHUVRQWKH6YHDODQGOLQHZLWKELO 0,29 0,25 “R2” No. of observations 1758 1841 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH Bus -2,121 -12,0 Train -1,010 -7,6 0,954 6,1 -2,267 1,562 8,7 -13,2 -0,721 -2,6 HS train Bil FI)UHTXHQF\KU Frequency 1hr Frequency 2hr -0,291 -2,2 -0,709 -5,5 Frequency 3hr -1,101 -7,8 -1,261 -9,3 Price % -0,0207 -14,8 -0,0165 -12,9 Travelling time -0,0089 -4,5 -0,0136 -6,1 * Analysis by Karl Kottenhoff, Royal Institute of Technology 2 “R ” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. /RJLW DQDO\VHV QXPHULFDO WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH ZLWK FDU RQO\ SDVVHQJHUV ZLWK VLQJOHWLFNHWVDW6NUPD[LPXP “R ” 0,27 0,23 No. of observations 1078 1179 2 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH Train 0,958 4,7 0,973 4,9 HS train 1,894 7,5 1,479 6,6 Bil -1,973 -5,0 -2,158 -5,8 Travelling time (minute) -0,0093 -2,6 -0,0133 -4,4 Frequency (minute) -0,0060 -5,7 -0,0088 -8,7 Price (Skr) -0,0163 -10,0 -0,0123 -8,9 2 “R ” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 358 Introduction of regional high speed trains /RJLWDQDO\VHVSULFHDOOSDVVHQJHUVRQWKH1\N|SLQJOLQHZLWKRXWFDU 0,41 0,40 “R2” No. of observations 366 E 326 WYDOXH Bus -1,790 -3,3 Train HS train E WYDOXH 1,359 3,2 1,538 2,9 FI)UHTXHQF\KU Frequency 1hr Frequency 2hr -0,749 -2,6 -0,640 -2,2 Frequency 3hr -1,553 -5,0 -1,429 -4,5 Price % -0,0319 -9,0 -0,0296 -8,3 Travelling time -0,0243 -2,1 * Analysis by Karl Kottenhoff, Royal Institute of Technology “R2” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. /RJLW DQDO\VHV QXPHULFDO WKH 1\N|SLQJ OLQH ZLWKRXW FDU RQO\ SDVVHQJHUV ZLWKVLQJOHWLFNHWVDW6NUPD[LPXP “R ” 0,49 0,41 No. of observations 210 180 2 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH Train 1,598 2,6 1,556 2,7 HS train 1,418 1,9 1,779 2,3 Travelling time (minute) Frequency (minute) -0,0081 -3,1 -0,0092 -3,3 Price (Skr) -0,0343 -7,2 -0,0306 -6,3 2 “R ” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. The Svealand line 359 /RJLWDQDO\VHVSULFHDOOSDVVHQJHUVRQWKH1\N|SLQJOLQHZLWKFDU 0,28 0,31 “R2” No. of observations 865 860 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH Bus -2,065 -7,7 Train -0,423 -2,4 1,676 5,9 1,852 6,1 -1,692 -6,3 Frequency 2hr Frequency 3hr -1,033 -5,2 -1,265 -5,9 Price % -0,0235 -11,4 -0,0285 -12,3 Travelling time -0,0103 -2,0 HS train Car FI)UHTXHQF\KU Frequency 1hr * Analysis by Karl Kottenhoff, Royal Institute of Technology 2 “R ” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. /RJLWDQDO\VHVQXPHULFDOWKH1\N|SLQJOLQHZLWKFDURQO\SDVVHQJHUVZLWK VLQJOHWLFNHWVDW6NUPD[LPXP “R ” 0,25 0,33 No. of observations 489 380 2 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH Train 1,588 4,6 1,491 3,7 HS train 2,151 5,7 1,951 4,3 Car -1,152 -1,9 -3,367 -4,5 Travelling time (minute) -0,0119 -1,7 Frequency (minute) -0,0038 -2,4 -0,0069 -3,5 Price (Skr) -0,0185 -8,7 -0,0217 -7,7 2 “R ” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. 360 Introduction of regional high speed trains /RJLW DQDO\VHV QXPHULFDO WKH 6YHDODQG OLQH RQO\ SDVVHQJHUV ZLWK PRQWKO\SDVVHV :LWKRXW FDU :LWK FDU “R ” 0,34 0,31 No. of observations 137 329 2 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH Train HS train Car 1,539 3,3 -3,257 -4,1 Travelling time (minute) -0,0233 -2,3 -0,0177 -2,8 Frequency (minute) -0,0094 -3,2 -0,0124 -5,5 Price (Skr) -0,0011 -4,9 -0,0008 -5,7 2 “R ” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. /RJLW DQDO\VHV QXPHULFDO WKH 1\N|SLQJ OLQH RQO\ SDVVHQJHUV ZLWK PRQWKO\SDVVHV :LWKRXW FDU :LWK FDU 0,44 0,40 “R2” No. of observations 94 274 E WYDOXH E WYDOXH Train 2,191 3,7 HS train 2,652 4,1 -3,103 -2,8 Travelling time (minute) Frequency (minute) -0,0117 -2,9 -0,0087 -3,5 Price (Skr) -0,0015 -4,1 -0,0018 -7,7 Car 2 “R ” : (fictitious) degree of explanation Coefficients where the t-value is within the interval -1,64<t<1,64 is not significant (one-sided 95% confidence interval). Those results are written in LWDOLFV. The Svealand line 361 362 Introduction of regional high speed trains Appendix 7 7UDYHOE\WUDLQDQGDFFHVVLELOLW\FDOFXODWLRQVZLWK 6DPSHUV $SSHQGL[ LV EDVHG RQ D SDSHU ZULWWHQ E\ WKH DXWKRU LQ FRQQHFWLRQ ZLWKDUHVHDUFKHUV·FRXUVHHQWLWOHG·0HWKRGVRIWUDLQVHUYLFHSODQQLQJ·DW WKH 'LYLVLRQ RI 7UDQVSRUWDWLRQ DQG /RJLVWLFV RI WKH 5R\DO ,QVWLWXWH RI 7HFKQRORJ\.XQJOLJD7HNQLVND+|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´7KHHVWDEOLVKPHQWRIQHZ WUDLQVHUYLFHV ²WKHLUHIIHFW RQWUDYHOGHPDQGDQGVRFLDOVWUXFWXUH7KH 6YHDODQG OLQHµ WR FDOFXODWH DFFHVVLELOLW\ 7KH SURMHFW ZDV SULPDULO\ D EHIRUHDQGDIWHUVWXG\RIDFFHVVLELOLW\E\UHJLRQDOEXVDQGWUDLQVHUYLFHV WR WKH DUHDV DURXQG WKH (VNLOVWXQD²6|GHUWl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he Svealand line 363 ]RQH LV WKH XQLW ZKHUH WULSV DUH JHQHUDWHG DQG WR ZKLFK MRXUQH\V DUH PDGH 7KH DJJUHJDWHG GHVFULSWLYH DSSURDFK LV JHQHUDOO\ VSHDNLQJ DS SURSULDWHIRUODUJHVFDOHORQJWHUPWUDIILFSODQQLQJ,WLVFRQVLGHUHGD WULHGDQGWHVWHGUHOLDEOHPHWKRGZLWKWKHULJKWSUHUHTXLVLWHVLHLQFDVHV RIPLQRUFKDQJHVWRZDUGVORQJWHUPOHYHOVRIHTXLOLEULXP 8VH 7KH6DPSHUVIRUHFDVWLQJV\VWHPLQLWVHQWLUHW\FDQEHXVHGDVDEDVLVIRU FDOFXODWLQJ • 'HPDQGHIIHFWVRIQHZLQIUDVWUXFWXUHDQGQHZWUDQVSRUWVXSSO\ • 'HPDQG HIIHFWV RI FKDQJLQJ IDFWRUV IRU H[DPSOH VRFLRHFRQRPLF GHPRJUDSKLFFRPPHUFLDOHWF • 7UDIILFVDIHW\HIIHFWV • (QYLURQPHQWDOHIIHFWV • (QHUJ\FRQVXPSWLRQHIIHFWV • $FFHVVLELOLW\HIIHFWV • 5HJLRQDOHIIHFWV •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ntroduction of regional high speed 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XQFHUWDLQ 2QH ZD\ RI KDQGOLQJ XQFHUWDLQW\ DERXW WKH IXWXUH LV WR SLQSRLQW WKH PRVW SUREDEOHGHYHORSPHQWZLWK´PLQLPXPµDQG´PD[LPXPµIRUHFDVWVLH ZLWKDFHUWDLQHVWLPDWHGSUREDELOLW\GHYHORSPHQWZLOOWDNHSODFHZLWKLQ WKDWLQWHUYDO8QIRUWXQDWHO\WKLVLVSHUKDSVGRQHWRRVHOGRPEHFDXVHD EURDGLQWHUYDOLVGLIILFXOWIRUGHFLVLRQPDNHUVWRKDQGOH7KHUHDUHDOVR SUDFWLFDO SUREOHPV LQ WKDW WKH IRUHFDVWV UHTXLUH PXFK PRUH ZRUN DQG WKHDPRXQWVRIZRUNDQGFRPSXWHUWLPHDUHDOUHDG\H[WHQVLYHWRGD\ 7KHSUREOHPRIIRUHFDVWV·XQFHUWDLQW\KRZHYHULVDJHQHUDORQHDQG QRW VSHFLILF WR 6DPSHUV ,W UHIOHFWV WKH IDFW WKDW PLQRU VXSSO\ FKDQJHV DUHHDVLHUWRKDQGOHWKDQWULSJHQHUDWLRQDQGWRWDOWUDYHO)RUHFDVWUHVXOWV DV D UXOH FRQWURO LQYHVWPHQW GHFLVLRQV DQG SROLF\ PHDVXUHV DQG DUH WKHUHIRUH WR D FHUWDLQ GHJUHH VHOIIXOILOOLQJ UHJDUGOHVV RI ZKHWKHU WKH\ The Svealand line 377 ZHUH´ULJKWµRU´ZURQJµWREHJLQZLWK$PRGHOKRZHYHUFDQQHYHUEH SHUIHFWRUVKRZDQLGHDOVWDWHLWLVLPSRVVLEOHWRPDNHDPRGHORIUHDOLW\ ZLWKRXW VLPSOLILFDWLRQV UDWLRQDOLVDWLRQV DQG UDQGRP HUURUV 0RUH VHUL RXV WKRXJK LV WKH IDFW WKDW WKH PRGHO KDV QRW WR D VDWLVIDFWRU\ H[WHQW EHHQVXEMHFWHGWRDIXOOTXDOLW\LQVSHFWLRQE\PHDQVRIH[WHUQDOYDOLGD WLRQ)RUHFDVWVRIIXWXUHWUDLQ WUDYHOWKDWDUH FOHDUO\ HUURQHRXVDQG XQ GHUHVWLPDWHGKDYHWKXVFRPHWREHUHJDUGHGDVWUXHDQGFRUUHFW 7KHUHIHUHQFHVDUHLQFOXGHGLQFKDSWHU 378 Introduction of regional high speed trains Appendix 8 7HFKQLFDOUHSRUWIURPWKHDFFHVVLELOLW\VWXG\ 7KH6DPSHUVDFFHVVLELOLW\VWXG\WHFKQLFDOUHSRUWLVQRWWUDQVODWHGWR (QJOLVK DQG SXEOLVKHG LQ WKH 6ZHGLVK HGLWLRQ RQO\ 3OHDVH FRQWDFW WKH DXWKRUZKHQUHTXLUHG The Svealand line 379 Appendix 9 5HDOWUDYHOOLQJWLPHVRIWKHW\SLFDOMRXUQH\V 7\SLFDOMRXUQH\7RUVKlOOD².XQJHQVNXUYD KUPLQV &DU %XV Walk +6WUDLQWKH6YHDODQGOLQH 0:05 Waiting time 0:05 0:05 In-vehicle time 0:19 Walk Bus 1/2 FristadstorgetEskilstuna C Waiting time Eskilstuna C 0:05 Bus 102 0:24 0:15 Eskilstuna C 0:15 SJ Bus 1:15 SJ Train 0:49 Waiting time Södertälje hamn 0:08 0:00 In-vehicle time Commuter train 0:17 0:00 Waiting time Flemingsberg 0:15 Flemingsberg 0:15 In-vehicle time SL Bus 740 0:27 SL Bus 740 0:27 In-vehicle time 1:24 Before motorway 0:05 0:05 Walk 0:00 0:05 7RWDO Sampers 1:29 0:05 0:31+2:58 0:31+1:58 7\SLFDOMRXUQH\(VNLOVWXQDFHQWUH²6WRFNKROPFLW\ &DU %XV +6WUDLQWKH6YHDODQGOLQH Walk 0:05 0:05 Waiting time 0:05 0:05 In-vehicle time 1:37 Before motorway 0:05 Walk SJ Bus 2:10 SJ Train 1:02 Cityterm. 0:12 Stockholm C 0:10 7RWDO Sampers 1:42 03:13 380 Introduction of regional high speed trains 02:19 7\SLFDOMRXUQH\6WUlQJQlV².7+FHQWUHRI6WRFNKROP &DU %XV Walk +6WUDLQWKH6YHDODQGOLQH 0:05 Waiting time 0:05 Strängnäs 0:05 Strängnäs station 0:05 SJ Bus 1:30 SJ Train 0:49 Walk City terminal 0:07 Stockholm C 0:05 Waiting time T-centralen 0:03 T-centralen 0:03 In-vehicle time Underground 0:05 Underground 0:05 In-vehicle time 1:25 Walk 0:07 7RWDO Sampers 1:25 0:07 3:25 2:21 7\SLFDOMRXUQH\0DULHIUHG²$VWUD=HQHFD6|GHUWlOMH &DU %XVE\WH Walk 0:05 Waiting time LT Bus 40 0:11 Waiting time Läggesta 0:02 Läggesta 0:05 SJ Bus Södertälje hamn SL Bus 754 0:30 SJ Train Södertälje syd SL Bus 755 0:16 Waiting time In-vehicle time Walk 7RWDO Sampers 0:33 Mariefred LT Bus 340 0:05 0:05 In-vehicle time 0:33 0:05 0:05 Mariefred LT Bus 307 In-vehicle time Mariefred +6WUDLQWKH 6YHDODQGOLQH %XVGLUHNW 0:55 0:15 0:17 0:05 0:11 0:14 0:26 0:05 0:05 0:05 01:48 1:48 01:40 The Svealand line 381 7\SLFDO MRXUQH\ cNHUV VW\FNHEUXN ²7KH 0lODU +RVSLWDO (VNLOVWXQD &DU %XV Waiting time Åker 0:05 In-vehicle time LT Bus 40 0:25 Walk +6WUDLQWKH 6YHDODQGOLQH 0:05 Waiting time In-vehicle time 0:25 Before motorway 0:05 7UDLQQHZVWRS 0:05 Åker LT Bus 306 0:05 0:10 0:05 Åker LT Bus 306 0:05 0:10 Strängnäs 0:05 Läggesta 0:13 Läggesta 0:13 LT Bus 20 0:40 SJ Train 0:24 Train 0:23 Eskilst. C 0:10 Mälar Hospital 0:05 Waiting time In-vehicle time 0:13 Mälar Hospital Walk Mälar Hospital 0:05 0:05 7RWDO Sampers 0:30 2:30 2:30 7\SLFDOMRXUQH\1\NYDUQ²7HUPLQDO$UODQGDDLUSRUW &DU 6/ Walk %XV6- 0:05 Waiting time In-vehicle time Nykvarn 0:05 0:05 Nykvarn Nykvarn 0:05 SJ Bus 1:10 SJ Train 0:55 Arlanda Central 0:07 Waiting time In-vehicle time Commuter train 1:20 Waiting time Märsta 0:07 City terminal 0:05 In-vehicle time SL Bus 583 0:16 Airport coach 0:40 Walk Termin. 5 0:05 Terminal 5 0:05 0:25 0:05 0:05 SL Bus 780 Södertälje centrum 1:33 +6WUDLQWKH 6YHDODQGOLQH 0:06 7RWDO Sampers 1:33 3:01 3:01 2:11 382 Introduction of regional high speed trains VYHDBDSSHQGL[GRF The Svealand line 383 384 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line 385 386 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line 387 388 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line 389 390 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line 391 392 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line 393 394 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line 395 396 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line 397 398 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line 399 400 Introduction of regional high speed trains The Svealand line 401
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