The temperature at which all molecular motion stops is
A.
460 C.
B.
273 K.
C.
0 K.
D. 0 C.
Which of these is an example of an exothermic chemical process?
A.
evaporation of water
B.
melting ice
C.
photosynthesis of glucose
D. combustion of gasoline
The drawing above shows a kernel of corn that is heated to make popcorn. Which of the
following best explains what happens to the drop of liquid water inside the kernel of corn
during this process?
A.
The liquid water is destroyed by the heat.
B.
The liquid water is converted into heat.
C.
The liquid water undergoes a physical change into steam.
D. The liquid water undergoes a chemical change into hydrogen and oxygen.
Which of the following graphs best represents how the average kinetic energy of molecules
changes with absolute temperature?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Which of the following could occur as a result of decreasing the heat
energy of a gas?
A.
condensation
B.
evaporation
C.
radiation
D. vaporization
A cold can of juice is removed from the refrigerator and is placed
outdoors on a warm day. After several minutes, moisture appears on
the outside of the cold can.
Which of the following statements best explains why the moisture
appears?
A.
The warm air absorbs cold from the can and changes to a liquid.
B.
Water vapor in the air condenses into a liquid on the cold can.
C.
The warm air causes heat to ow out of the can and condense in
the air.
D. Water vapor in the air absorbs heat from the can and changes to
a liquid.
When a person's sweat evaporates, the person feels cooler. Which of
the following statements best describes why sweating helps the person
feel cool?
A.
Heat is absorbed by sweat when it evaporates.
B.
Heat is absorbed by the body when sweat evaporates.
C.
The temperature of the water in sweat goes down when it
evaporates.
D. The temperature of the water in the body goes up when sweat
evaporates.
The picture below shows the melting of an ice cube.
The ice cube changed because it
A.
cooled.
B.
warmed.
C.
hardened.
D. evaporated.
Sarah takes a stick of butter from the refrigerator and puts it in a pan
on the stove. As the butter starts to heat up, it will rst change from a
A.
liquid to a gas.
B.
liquid to a solid.
C.
solid to a gas.
D. solid to a liquid.
A scientist is studying a liquid. If she lowers the temperature of the
liquid, which of the following will most likely occur?
A.
The liquid will boil.
B.
The liquid will melt.
C.
The liquid will freeze.
D. The liquid will evaporate.
The addition of a catalyst to a reaction will cause a change in the
A.
potential energy of the reactants
B.
potential energy of the products
C.
heat of reaction
D. activation energy
In order for a chemical reaction to occur, there must always be
A.
an e ective collision between reacting particles
B.
a bond that breaks in a reactant particle
C.
reacting particles with a high charge
D. reacting particles with a high kinetic energy
Raising the temperature speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction by
increasing
A.
the e ectiveness of the collisions, only
B.
the frequency of the collisions, only
C.
both the e ectiveness and the frequency of the collisions
D. neither the e ectiveness nor the frequency of the collisions
Two reactant particles collide with proper orientation. The collision
will be e ective if the particles have
A.
high activation energy
B.
high ionization energy
C.
su cient kinetic energy
D. su cient potential energy
Which term refers to the di erence between the potential energy of
the products and the potential energy of the reactants for any chemical
change?
A.
heat of deposition
B.
heat of fusion
C.
heat of reaction
D. heat of vaporization
An e ective collision between reactant particles requires the particles
to have the proper
A.
charge and mass
B.
charge and orientation
C.
energy and mass
D. energy and orientation
Given the reaction at equilibrium:
A(g) + B(g) + heat (
+ C(g) + D(g)
The equilibrium will shift to the right when the
A.
pressure is decreased
B.
temperature is increased
C.
concentration of A(g) is decreased
D. concentration of C(g) is increased
Given the reaction at equilibrium:
H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) (
+ 2HCl(g) + heat
The equilibrium will shift to the right when there is an increase in
A.
temperature
B.
pressure
C.
concentration of H2 (g)
D. concentration of HCl(g)
Which change is exothermic?
A.
freezing of water
B.
melting of iron
C.
vaporization of ethanol
D. sublimation of iodine
Which physical changes are endothermic?
A.
melting and freezing
B.
melting and evaporating
C.
condensation and sublimation
D. condensation and deposition
Which process is exothermic?
A.
boiling of water
B.
melting of copper
C.
condensation of ethanol vapor
D. sublimation of iodine
Which change does the
H of a chemical reaction represent?
A.
entropy
B.
heat of reaction
C.
activation energy
D. free energy
In a chemical reaction, the di erence between the potential energy of
the products and the potential energy of the reactants is the
A.
heat of reaction
B.
heat of fusion
C.
free energy
D. activation energy
The energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called
A.
potential energy
B.
kinetic energy
C.
activation energy
D. ionization energy
The heat given o by an acid solution as it is neutralized by a base
solution could be measured by using a
A.
eudiometer
B.
pH meter
C.
calorimeter
D. colorimeter
Which unit is used to express the amount of energy absorbed or
released during a chemical reaction?
A.
degree
B.
torr
C.
gram
D. calorie
When a quantity of electricity is converted to heat, the heat energy
produced is measured in
A.
volts
B.
amperes
C.
calories
D. degrees
Charcoal reacts with oxygen according to the equation
C(s) + O2 (g) ! CO2 (g). Which of the following changes would cause
the greatest increase in the rate of reaction?
A.
decreasing the concentration of O2 (g)
B.
decreasing the pressure of O2 (g)
C.
using charcoal in powdered form
D. using charcoal in lump form
Given the reaction:
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) ! ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
The reaction occurs more slowly when a single piece of zinc is used
than when the same mass of powdered zinc is used. Why does this
occur?
A.
The powdered zinc is more concentrated.
B.
The powdered zinc has a greater surface area.
C.
The powdered zinc requires less activation energy.
D. The powdered zinc generates more heat energy.
When a reaction is at equilibrium and more reactant is added, which
of the following changes is the immediate result?
A.
The reverse reaction rate remains the same.
B.
The forward reaction rate increases.
C.
The reverse reaction rate decreases.
D. The forward reaction rate remains the same.
In which of the following reactions involving gases would the forward
reaction be favored by an increase in pressure?
A.
A+B(
+ AB
B.
A+B(
+C+D
C.
2A + B (
+ C + 2D
D. AC (
+A+C
The graph represents the amount of energy in the reactants and products of a chemical
reaction.
If total energy is conserved, which statement explains why the energy of the reactants does
not equal the energy of the products?
A.
The reaction is exothermic
B.
The reaction is endothermic.
C.
The reaction requires a catalyst.
D. The reaction has a low activation energy.
In the equilibrium process shown below, hydrogen gas and iodine gas
react to form hydrogen iodide.
H2 (g) + I2 (g) + heat (
+ 2HI(g)
An increase in which of the following would shift the equilibrium to
the left?
A.
amount of heat
B.
amount of I2
C.
concentration of HI
D. concentration of H2
The Haber process is used to convert atmospheric nitrogen into
ammonia, NH3 , a compound used in fertilizers. The reaction is shown
below.
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) (
+ 2NH3 (g) + energy
How can the equilibrium of this reaction be shifted to the right?
A.
by decreasing the mass of N2
B.
by decreasing the mass of H2
C.
by increasing the pressure on the system
D. by increasing the volume of the system
Hydrogen peroxide decomposes according to the equation below.
2H2 O2 (aq) ! O2 (g) + 2H2 O(l)
Which of the following actions will slow down the rate of this
reaction?
A.
adding a catalyst
B.
adding more H2 O2
C.
decreasing the temperature
D. removing O2 that is produced
Which of the following statements describes the di erence between
endothermic and exothermic chemical reactions?
A.
Energy is absorbed in endothermic reactions but is released in
exothermic reactions.
B.
Energy is conserved in endothermic reactions but is not conserved
in exothermic reactions.
C.
Endothermic reactions involve changes in the nucleus of an atom,
but exothermic reactions do not involve changes in the nucleus.
D. Endothermic reactions occur when electrons are shared between
atoms, but exothermic reactions occur when electrons are
transferred between atoms.
Use the graph below to answer the following question(s).
In the graph, which of the following is represented by the letter L?
A.
reaction heat
B.
progress of reaction
C.
catalytic e ect
D. activation energy
Use the graph below to answer the following question(s).
The reaction represented in the graph is best described by which of the following terms?
A.
unreactive
B.
nonreversible
C.
exothermic
D. endothermic
Use the graph below to answer the following question(s).
On the graph, which dimension would be changed if the rate of reaction were to be altered
by a catalyst?
A.
K
B.
L
C.
N
D. O
Problem-Attic format version 4.4.266
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Thermo/Reaction Rate/Equilibrium Review
05/09/2016
1.
Answer:
D
21.
Answer:
C
2.
Answer:
D
22.
Answer:
B
3.
Answer:
C
23.
Answer:
A
24.
Answer:
C
4.
Answer:
5.
Answer:
A
25.
Answer:
C
6.
Answer:
B
26.
Answer:
D
7.
Answer:
A
27.
Answer:
C
8.
Answer:
B
28.
Answer:
C
9.
Answer:
D
29.
Answer:
B
10.
Answer:
C
30.
Answer:
B
11.
Answer:
D
31.
Answer:
A
12.
Answer:
A
32.
Answer:
B
13.
Answer:
B
33.
Answer:
C
14.
Answer:
C
34.
Answer:
C
15.
Answer:
C
35.
Answer:
C
16.
Answer:
D
36.
Answer:
A
17.
Answer:
B
37.
Answer:
D
18.
Answer:
C
38.
Answer:
C
19.
Answer:
A
39.
Answer:
B
20.
Answer:
B