Name: ________________________________
1.1 TYPES OF GOVERNMENT (IDEOLOGIES) & THE POLITICAL
SPECTRUM PART I
Political Ideologies & Spectrum
■ Political Ideology:
_______________________________________________________________________________________
■ Political Spectrum:
– A visual representation of the ideologies form one extreme to the other.
–
_______________________________________________
Left Wing
■ Supports change to improve _________________________________________
■ Government plays larger role in people’s lives, especially providing
■
_________________________________ (education, health care)
Law and order are important to protect the rights of all citizens
Center
■ ______________________is important, but change must be supported if most people want it
■
■
Government should play a role only when it ___________________________________________
Law and order are important to encourage and protect the rights of individuals
Right Wing
■ Tradition is important, and _________________________________________________________
■
■
Government should play a__________________________, relying on private businesses to
ensure the needs of the citizens are met
Law and order are important to protect society and its traditions
Campbell | SS11
1.1
Name: ________________________________
______________________________________
Democracy
■ Socialism
■ Liberalism
■ Conservatism
■
■
__________________________
Fascism
Democracy
■
■
■
______________________________
Introduced by the ancient Greeks
2 types:
- Direct democracy
- Indirect democracy
Direct Democracy
■ Every eligible citizen participates by directly speaking and voting on all decisions affecting
society
■ This type was used in ancient Athens
Indirect/Representative Democracy
■ Became necessary as populations increase to enormous proportions
■
– _________________________________________________________________________
Therefore, elected representatives speak and make decisions on behalf of the larger population
Democracy’s Characteristics
■ Main principles are equality and
freedom
■ All citizens are equal
■ Everyone is subject to the same laws
■
■
No one is above the law
Rights and freedoms protected by
constitution and other written laws
Socialism
■ Backlash against industrial revolution and capitalist economy
■ Capitalism caused great social harm and poverty was widespread
■
■
■
Is about ____________________________________________
Believe government should control important parts of the economy
Calls for public rather than private ownership of resources
Socialism Continued…
■ Emphasis on __________________________
– production should benefit all members of community not just a few
■ Aims at establishing _______________________________
■ Mild, democratic form of communism
Campbell | SS11
1.1
Name: ________________________________
–
__________________________can be achieved through elections; revolution is not
necessary
■ Some democratic socialism in Canada
– Crown corporations (gov’t run)
■ Ex. Canada Post
Capitalism
■ Also known as free market economy
■ Increased profit and wealth becomes
■ Means of production are privately
the main goal
owned
■ Creates society of classes (rich, middle,
■ People and individuals compete to
poor)
produce goods and make a profit
Liberalism
■ Government should provide
■
■
■
________________________________________________________________________________
– Ex. Access to electricity and resources, health care and education
Protect the rights of individuals and groups
Balances between _____________________________ (work, travel, religion) and protecting civil
liberties
Canada is generally a liberalist country
Conservatism
■ Focus on tradition – stance _________________________________________________________
■ Maintenance of established political and social institutions and values
■
■
Government should have ______________________________________________- “laissez-faire”
attitude= leave it alone, let it be
Two kinds of conservatism:
– Social conservatism: preserve traditional values
– Fiscal conservatism: low taxes and government debt
Class/Homework:
■ Read and answer the questions provided in the ‘Types of Government’ Booklet.
Campbell | SS11
1.1