Name_______________________________________________________________ Period __________
AP World History Ch. 22 Reading Guide Part 1
1. Describe the experiences of Vasco da Gama & his men upon arrival in India.
2. What type of ship were the Portuguese using at this time?
3. When did the Ming Dynasty engage in overseas expeditions? __________
4. When did Portuguese captain Vasco da Gama reach India? __________
5. When did the Portuguese defeat a combined Muslim war fleet off the coast of India? __________
6. When did the Japanese invade Korea? __________ & __________
7. When did the Dutch & British begin to push the Portuguese out of the Asian trade area? __________
8. When did the Manchu Dynasty come to power in China? __________
In the THREE areas of the Asian/Indian trading network, what were the main products in each Area
10. Arab Zone:
11. India:
12. China
13. Why were Ceylon and the Indonesian archipelago so Important?
14. What type of navigation did most merchants use in this trade area before European arrival? Why were these
ships only lightly armed?
15. Why did the Portuguese decide to “take by force what they could not get through fair trade”?
16. Describe their elaborate, aggressive and only partially realized trade/empire plan/program.
17. Why did the Portuguese lose full control of their trade by the early 17 th Century (1600s)?
18. Which two European merchant/naval powers displaced the Portuguese?
19. Describe the Dutch trading empire. How did their trade program differ from the Portuguese?
20. How were European merchants initially required to interact with major Asian powers? (China, Japan, Mughal
India)?
21. Describe the Spanish influence, colonial rule and eventual dominance in the Philippines.
22. How did the English & Dutch differ from the Spanish & Portuguese in these early years of expansion in
regards to religion?
23. Describe some of the marginally successful Christian missionary efforts in India.
24. Where was the greatest Christian missionary success? Why here? (Still majority Christian today)
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Name_______________________________________________________________ Period __________
AP World History Ch. 22 Reading Guide Part 2
1. Who founded the Ming Dynasty? When?
2. How did he accomplish this?
3. Why do you think the foundation of the Ming Dynasty was accompanied by a Mongol purge?
4. Describe the reinstated civil service exam process.
5. How were corrupt government officials punished in early Ming China?
6. How did Hongwu encourage economic development?
7. How were these efforts undermined by local gentry (landlords)?
(Read Document: Exam Questions as a Mirror of Chinese Values)
8. What kinds of knowledge are important to the Chinese?
9. What example of extreme school discipline is shared by the authors?
10. How/why did courtesans attain a degree of personal freedom and luxury unattainable aristocratic ladies?
11. How did New World crops impact China’s population?
12. Where were Europeans permitted to trade with China at this time?
13. What products did China export?
14. Describe the activities of Zhenghe (aka Zheng He also Chen Ho- same person).
15. How did his expeditions compare to those of Spain and Portugal 50-100 years later?
16. Why were his expeditions stopped?
17. What limited success were the Jesuits able to attain?
(Read Visualizing the Past)
18. In what ways would the dragon ships facilitate commerce both within China and overseas?
19. How did the Manchu (Qing) Dynasty rise in China? Why?
(Read In Depth: Means & Motives for Overseas Expansion- Europe & China Compared)
20. How did European & Chinese motives for exploration differ?
21. How did European & Chinese military strength differ?
22. Why did European monarchs, elites and religious leaders support exploration & expansion?
23. How did the legendary, mythical Prester John figure in all this?
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24. How & when did the Tokugawa Shogunate consolidate power in Japan?
25. What was the initial Japanese reaction to European trade, visits & missionary work?
26. Why were the Europeans expelled? Why did Japan isolate itself?
27. Where did the Japanese allow limited contact with the outside world?
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