Medical Terminology
get connected!
CHAPTER
13
Obstetrics and
Gynecology
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Media Directory
Slide 17
Slide 68
Slide 70
Slide 76
Slide 83
Slide 87
Female Reproductive System Anatomy
Breast Cancer Video
C-section Delivery Video
Fetal Monitoring Video
Prematurity Video
Premenstrual Syndrome Video
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives
• UNDERSTAND the function of the female
reproductive system.
• DESCRIBE the medical specialties of
obstetrics and gynecology.
• DEFINE obstetrics- and gynecologyrelated combining forms, prefixes, and
suffixes.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Learning Objectives
• IDENTIFY the organs treated in obstetrics
and gynecology.
• BUILD obstetrics and gynecology medical
terms from word parts.
• EXPLAIN obstetrics and gynecology
medical terms.
• USE obstetrics and gynecology
abbreviations.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Female reproductive system is vital to
continuation of human race
– Ovaries produce egg cells called ova
– Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes
– Embryo develops in the uterus
– During birth, baby passes through vagina
– Breasts secrete milk to nourish newborn
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Ovaries also secrete female sex hormones
– Estrogen
– Progesterone
– Work together to regulate reproductive cycle
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Gynecology
• Branch of medicine that:
– Diagnoses and treats conditions of female
reproductive organs
– Provides general medical care for women
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrics
• Branch of medicine that specializes in
– Pregnancy
– Childbirth
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Combining Forms
•
•
•
•
•
•
amni/o
cervic/o
chori/o
colp/o
embry/o
episi/o
amnion
neck, cervix
chorion
vagina
embryo
vulva
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
• fet/o
• gynec/o
•
•
•
•
hyster/o
lapar/o
mamm/o
mast/o
fetus
woman,
female
uterus
abdomen
breast
breast
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Combining Forms
• men/o
•
•
•
•
metr/o
nat/o
o/o
oophor/o
menses,
menstruation
uterus
birth
egg
ovary
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
• ovari/o
• salping/o
• uter/o
• vagin/o
ovary
fallopian
tubes,
uterine tubes
uterus
vagina
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Additional Combining Forms
•
•
•
•
carcin/o
cyst/o
fibr/o
hem/o
cancer
bladder
fibrous
blood
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
• olig/o
• pelv/o
• rect/o
scanty
pelvis
rectum
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Suffix Review
•
•
•
•
•
•
-al
-algia
-an
-ary
-cele
-centesis
• -cyesis
pertaining to
pain
pertaining to
pertaining to
protrusion
puncture to
withdraw fluid
pregnancy
• -cyte
• -ectomy
•
•
•
•
-genesis
-genic
-gram
-graphy
• -gravida
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
cell
surgical
removal
generates
producing
record
process of
recording
pregnancy
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Suffix Review
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
-ic
-ine
-itis
-logist
-logy
-lytic
-metry
pertaining to
pertaining to
inflammation
one who studies
study of
destruction
process of
measuring
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
•
•
•
•
-nic
-oid
-oma
-osis
• -otomy
• -para
pertaining to
resembling
tumor
abnormal
condition
cutting into
to bear
(offspring)
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Suffix Review
•
•
•
•
•
•
-partum
-pexy
-plasty
-rrhagia
-rrhaphy
-rrhea
childbirth
surgical fixation
surgical repair
bursting forth
suture
flow
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
• -rrhexis
• -scope
• -scopy
• -tic
rupture
instrument for
viewing
process of
viewing
pertaining to
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Prefix Review
•
•
•
•
•
•
aantedysendointranulli-
without
before
painful
inner
inside
none
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
•
•
•
•
•
•
multineopostpreprimitrans-
many
new
after
before
first
across
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Female Reproductive System
Figure 13.1 Female reproductive system, anterior view.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Female Reproductive System
Anatomy
Click on the image in presentation mode to view an animation illustrating female
reproductive anatomy. The animation may take a moment to play. Click a second time to
pause the animation.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Back to Directory
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Pregnancy
Figure 13.2 Full-term pregnancy, fetal structures, lateral view.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Building Obstetrics and Gynecology
Terms
For each obstetrics and gynecology term
introduced on the next few slides, write the
completed term in your textbook (pg 269).
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Amni/o
• Combining form meaning amnion
• Inner sac surrounding fetus
• Contains amniotic fluid in which fetus
floats
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Amni/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– flow of amniotic (fluid)
amniorrhea
– rupture of the amnion
amniorrhexis
amni/o + -rrhexis
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Cervic/o
•
•
•
•
Combining form meaning cervix
Narrow, lower portion of uterus
Opens into vagina
Also called neck of the uterus
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Cervic/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– pertaining to the cervix
cervical
– inflammation within the cervix
endocervicitis
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Chori/o
• Combining form meaning chorion
• Outer sac surrounding and protecting fetus
• Forms part of placenta
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Chori/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– cancerous tumor of the chorion
choriocarcinoma
chori/o
+ carcin + -oma
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Colp/o
• Combining form meaning vagina
• Muscular tube extending from cervix to
outside of body
• Receives penis and semen during
intercourse
• Also called the birth canal
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Vagina
Figure 13.3 Vagina.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Colp/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– instrument to visually examine the vagina
colposcope
– surgical removal of the vagina
colpectomy
colp + -ectomy
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Embry/o
• Combining form meaning embryo
• Early stage of human development
– From time of fertilization
– Until approximately end of second month of
pregnancy
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Embry/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– producing an embryo
embryogenic
– study of the embryo
embryology
embry/o + -logy
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Episi/o
• Combining form meaning vulva
• General term for all female external
genitalia including:
– Labia majora
– Labia minora
– Clitoris
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Episi/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– surgical repair of the vulva
episioplasty
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Fet/o
• Combining form meaning fetus
• Later stage of human development
– From approximately beginning of third month
to birth
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Fetus
Figure 13.4 Photograph of fetus in the uterus.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Fet/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– pertaining to the fetus
fetal
– instrument for visually examining the fetus
fetoscope
fet/o + -scope
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
-gravida
• Suffix meaning pregnancy
• Gestation is length of time of a pregnancy
• Normal gestation for humans is 40 weeks
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
-gravida
• Build a medical term meaning:
– no pregnancies
nulligravida
– first pregnancy
primigravida
– many pregnancies
multigravida
multi- + -gravida
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Gynec/o
• Combining form meaning female
• Build a medical term meaning:
– one who studies the female
gynecologist
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Hyster/o
• Combining form meaning uterus
• Hollow, pear-shaped organ in lower pelvic
cavity
– Between urinary bladder and rectum
– Fundus is upper portion between where
fallopian tubes enter
– Body of uterus is largest central region
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Hyster/o
• Hollow, pear-shaped organ in lower pelvic
cavity
– Cervix is narrow lowest region that opens into
vagina
– Endometrium is inner lining which thickens
during the month and is sloughed off during
menstrual period
– Myometrium is thick muscular wall which
contracts to push fetus through birth canal
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Uterus
Figure 13.5 Uterus.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Hyster/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– surgical fixation of the uterus
hysteropexy
– ruptured uterus
hysterorrhexis
– process of recording the uterus
hysterography
hyster/o + -graphy
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Lapar/o
• Combining form meaning abdomen
• Build a medical term meaning:
– cutting into the abdomen
laparotomy
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Mamm/o
• Combining form meaning breast
• Collection of glands to produce milk to
nourish infant
• Build a medical term meaning:
– pertaining to the breast
mammary
– surgical repair of the breast
mammoplasty
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Breast
Figure 13.6 Breast.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Mast/o
• Another combining form meaning breast
• Build a medical term meaning:
– breast pain
mastalgia
mast + -algia
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Men/o
• Combining form meaning menstruation
• Period of time during the monthly period
when endometrial lining of uterus is shed
• Appears as bloody flow through cervix and
vagina
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Men/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– without menstrual flow
amenorrhea
– scanty menstrual flow
oligomenorrhea
olig/o + men/o + -rrhea
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Metr/o
• Another combining form meaning uterus
• Build a medical term meaning:
– inner uterus inflammation
endometritis
– flow from uterus
metrorrhea
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Nat/o
• Combining form meaning birth
• Build a medical term meaning:
– pertaining to a newborn
neonatal
– who studies the newborn
neonatologist
neo- + nat/o + -logist
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
O/o
• Combining form meaning egg
• Refers to ovum
• Cell that carries mother's half of
chromosomes
• Combines with sperm to form new human
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
O/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– egg cell
oocyte
– produces an egg
oogenesis
o/o + -genesis
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Oophor/o
• Combining form meaning ovary
• Almond-shaped pair of organs located on
each side of uterus
– Connected to uterus by fallopian (or uterine)
tube
• Produce ova
– Release of ovum from ovary is called
ovulation
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Ovary
Figure 13.7 Ovary.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Oophor/o
• Secrete female hormones, estrogen and
progesterone
• Build a medical term meaning:
– surgical fixation of the ovary
oophoropexy
oophor/o + -pexy
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Ovari/o
• Another combining form meaning ovary
• Build a medical term meaning:
– pertaining to the ovary
ovarian
– ovary and fallopian tube inflammation
ovariosalpingitis
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
-para
• Suffix meaning to bear (offspring)
• Refers to the number of times a pregnancy
has successfully ended with birth of infant
• Build a medical term meaning:
– no births
nullipara
– many births
multipara
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
-partum
• Suffix meaning childbirth
• Build a medical term meaning:
– before childbirth
antepartum
– after childbirth
postpartum
post- + -partum
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Salping/o
• Combining form meaning fallopian tube
• Narrow tube that runs from area around
each ovary to upper uterus
• Ovum travels from ovary to uterus through
fallopian tube
• Normal location for fertilization
• Also called uterine tube
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Fallopian Tube
Figure 13.8 Fallopian Tube.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Salping/o
• Build a medical term meaning:
– record of the fallopian tube
salpingogram
– pregnancy in the fallopian tube
salpingocyesis
salping/o + -cyesis
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Uter/o
• Another combining form meaning uterus
• Build a medical term meaning:
– pertaining to the uterus
uterine
– pertaining to inside the uterus
intrauterine
intra- + uter + -ine
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Vagin/o
• Another combining form meaning vagina
• Build a medical term meaning:
– pertaining to across the vagina
transvaginal
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
abortion
(AB)
Discharge of embryo from uterus before about 20th
week of gestation; spontaneous abortion
(miscarriage) is unplanned and due to death of
embryo; elective abortion is legal termination of
pregnancy; therapeutic abortion is necessary for
health of mother
abruptio
placentae
Emergency condition; placenta tears away from
uterine wall prior to delivery; requires immediate
delivery of baby
atresia
Lack of normal body opening; hysteratresia is
closing of cervix, usually from scarring
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Abruptio Placentae
Figure 13.9 Illustration showing the premature separation of the placenta in abruptio
placentae.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
breast
cancer
Malignant tumor of breast; usually forms in milk
glands or lining of milk ducts
cervical
cancer
Malignant tumor of cervix; some cases caused by
human papilloma virus (HPV), sexually transmitted
virus for which there is now vaccine; regular Pap
smear used for early detection
cesarean
Surgical delivery of baby through incision into
section (CS, abdominal and uterine walls; named for Roman
C-section)
emperor, Julius Caesar, who is said to have been
the first person born by this method
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Breast Cancer
Figure 13.10 Breast with a malignant tumor growing in the milk gland and duct .
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Breast Cancer Video
Click on the image in presentation mode to view a video on breast cancer.
Click a second time to pause the video.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Back to Directory
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Cesarean Section
Figure 13.11 The head of a fetus emerges from the uterus during a cesarean section.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
C-section Delivery Video
Click on the image in presentation mode to view a video of a cesarean delivery.
Click a second time to pause the video.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Back to Directory
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
chorionic
villus
sampling
(CVS)
Removal of small piece of chorion for genetic
analysis; may be done at earlier stage of
pregnancy than amniocentesis
conization
Surgical removal of a core of cervical tissue for
biopsy
cystocele
Hernia or outpouching of bladder protrudes into
vagina; may cause urinary frequency and urgency
and block vagina
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
dilation and
curettage
(D&C)
Surgical procedure consisting of widening
cervix and scraping or suctioning out
endometrial lining of uterus; often performed
after spontaneous abortion or to stop excessive
bleeding from other causes
ectopic
pregnancy
Pregnancy outside of uterus, usually in
fallopian tubes; growing fetus will rupture
fallopian tube requiring a salpingectomy
endometriosis
Occurs when endometrial tissue appears
throughout pelvic or abdominal cavity; causes
recurring pain and scarring
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Ectopic Pregnancy
Figure 13.12 Illustration of common sites for ectopic pregnancy.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
endometrial
cancer
Cancerous tumor forms in lining of uterus
fetal
monitoring
Use of electronic equipment placed on mother's
abdomen or fetus' scalp to check fetal heart rate
(FHR) and fetal heart tone (FHT) during labor;
normal FHR ranges from 120 to 160 beats per
minute; drop in fetal heart rate indicates fetal
distress
fibrocystic
Benign cysts in breast tissue; not precancerous
breast disease
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Endometrial Cancer
Figure 13.13 Illustration showing the stages of endometrial cancer. (A) Stage I-localized
tumor forms in endometrial tissue. (B) Stage II-tumor grows larger within the uterus. (C)
Stage III-tumor spreads to nearby organs. (D) Stage IV-cancerous tumors appear
throughout the body
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Fetal Monitoring Video
Click on the image in presentation mode to view a video on fetal monitoring.
Click a second time to pause the video.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Back to Directory
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Fibrocystic Breast Disease
Figure 13.14 Illustration showing the location of a fibrocystic lump in the adipose tissue
of the breast.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
fibroid
tumor
Benign tumor of fiber-like tissue; the most common
type of tumor in women; grows in the uterus
fistula
Abnormal passageway between two structures;
vesicovaginal fistula is between urinary bladder
and vagina; rectovaginal fistula is between rectum
and vagina
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Fibroid Tumor
Figure 13.15 Common sites for the development of fibroid tumors.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
hemolytic
disease of
the newborn
(HDN)
Condition developing in fetus when mother's
blood type is Rh-negative and baby's blood is Rhpositive; antibodies in mother's blood enter fetus'
bloodstream through placenta and destroy fetus'
red blood cells; causes anemia, jaundice, and
enlargement of spleen; treated with intrauterine
blood transfusion; also called erythroblastosis
fetalis
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
in vitro
fertilization
(IVF)
Infertility treatment; ova removed from woman
are fertilized by sperm externally; embryos
returned to uterus for development; commonly
called test tube baby
infertility
Inability to produce children; generally defined
as no pregnancy after properly timed
intercourse for one year
Papanicolaou
(Pap) smear
Test for cervical cancer; cells are removed from
cervix by simple scraping and examined under
microscope
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
pelvic
inflammatory
disease (PID)
Chronic or acute infection, usually bacterial, that
ascends through female reproductive tract and
out into pelvic cavity; may result in scarring that
interferes with fertility
placenta
previa
Placenta forms in lower portion of uterus and
blocks birth canal; may require C-section for
delivery
premature
birth
Birth of fetus before 37 weeks of gestation
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Prematurity Video
Click on the image in presentation mode to view a video on prematurity.
Click a second time to pause the video.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Back to Directory
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Premature Birth
Figure 13.17 A premature infant. Source: Courtesy of Lisa Smith-Pedersen, RN, MSN,
NNP-BC./Pearson Education
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Placenta Previa
Figure 13.16 Illustration of placenta previa showing the placenta growing over the
opening of the cervix.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
premenstrual
syndrome
(PMS)
Symptoms that develop just prior to onset of
menstrual period; may include irritability,
headache, tender breasts, and anxiety
prolapsed
uterus
Fallen uterus that can cause cervix to protrude
through vaginal opening
rectocele
Protrusion or herniation of rectum into vagina
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Premenstrual Syndrome Video
Click on the image in presentation mode to view a video on premenstrual syndrome.
Click a second time to pause the video.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Back to Directory
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Prolapsed Uterus
Figure 13.18 Illustration of (A) mild and (B) severely prolapsed uterus.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrical and Gynecological
Vocabulary
Term
Explanation
stillbirth (SB)
Birth in which viable-aged fetus dies shortly
before or at time of delivery
tubal ligation
Surgical tying-off of fallopian tubes to prevent
pregnancy
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Tubal Ligation
Figure 13.19 Illustration show laparoscope being used to perform a tubal ligation.
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Abbreviations
AB
abortion
EMB
endometrial biopsy
BSE
breast selfexamination
ERT
estrogen
replacement
therapy
CS, Csection
cesarean
section
FHR
fetal heart rate
CVS
chorionic villus
sampling
FHT
fetal heart tone
Cx
cervix
FTND
full-term normal
delivery
D&C
dilation and
curettage
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Abbreviations
GI, grav I
first pregnancy
HSG
hysterosalpingography
GYN, gyn
gynecology
IUD
intrauterine device
HDN
hemolytic disease of
the newborn
IVF
in vitro fertilization
HPV
human papilloma
virus
LMP
last menstrual
period
HRT
hormone
replacement therapy
NB
newborn
OB
obstetrics
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Abbreviations
OCPs
oral
contraceptives
PAP
Papanicolaou test SB
stillbirth
PI, para I
first delivery
total abdominal
hysterectomy –
bilateral salpingooophorectomy
PID
pelvic
inflammatory
disease
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
PMS
TAH-BSO
premenstrual
syndrome
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Combining Forms Match Up
1. colp/o
a. uterus
2. episi/o
b. vulva
3. hyster/o
c. vagina
4. lapar/o
d. abdomen
5. mast/o
e. breast
Medical Terminology: get connected!
Suzanne Frucht
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.
All rights reserved.