Course Code PGSP11146
Graduate School of Social & Political Science
Semester 1: 2016/2017
Nations &
Nationalism
Gëzim Krasniqi (course organiser)
This document contains important information about the course, please read through it
carefully.
Please also see further information available in the ‘Course Admin’ folder on Learn.
LECTURE: Tuesdays 11.10-12.00, Seminar Room 1,
CMB (map here)
SEMINAR: Wednesdays (selected weeks), Room 2.19,
Geography Building, (map here)
A parallel course is open to Undergraduates: [code SCIL10065]
Graduate School of Social & Political Science
COURSE DESCRIPTION
This postgraduate course is taught in conjunction with the Sociology Honours course of the same
name, with which it shares a parallel structure of weekly topics and readings. The course aims to
examine major modes of explaining nationalism, and to relate nationalism to other key themes in
sociology. The seminar topics explore the relationship between nationalism and modernity,
ethnicity, civic and ethnic nationalism, language, religion, class, gender, its regulation and
globalisation.
COURSE ORGANISER
Gëzim Krasniqi
Room 4.13, CMB
Tel: (to be confirmed)
E-mail: (to be confirmed)
Guidance and Feedback Hours: Thursdays 0900-1050
The organiser is responsible for all organisational issues in the course, and is the person you should
approach if you have any problems or queries regarding course requirements and delivery.
COURSE CO-ORGANISER
Michael Rosie
Room 1.01, 22 George Square
Tel: 0131 651 1651
E-mail: [email protected]
Guidance and Feedback Hours: Fridays 0900-1050
The co-organiser supports the convener in organisational matters.
COURSE SECRETARY
Kate Ferguson
Room 1.20, CMB
Tel: 0131 651 1659
E-Mail: [email protected]
UNIVERSITY EMAIL
The University’s official means of communication with you is via your University email account.
COURSE AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES
The course provides a thorough introduction to the central concepts, major theories, and key
debates of nationalism studies. It will sensitise students to the ways that conceptualisation shapes
our understanding of the subject matter, namely nationalism. It will give students intensive, indepth introductions to selected key figures in nationalism studies, and impart an appreciation of
its multidisciplinary nature.
On completion of this course, the student will be able to:
1. Students will be able to draw on theoretical understandings of nationalism to understand
complex, substantive case material.
2. Students will improve their ability to present complex material succinctly, and to discuss it
at length.
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Nations & Nationalism (Postgraduate)
3. Students will develop an in-depth knowledge of a major topic within the field of
nationalism studies.
4. Students will develop their independent research skills, in particular surveying literatures
and developing thematically organised bibliographies around chosen topics.
COURSE FORMAT
There is a weekly course lecture on Tuesdays from 11:10 to 12:00, held in conjunction with the
Undergraduate Honours course of the same name. The class meets in Seminar room 1, Ground
Floor, Chrystal MacMillan Building, George Square.
There is also a bi-weekly postgraduate seminar on Wednesdays 16.10-18.00 in weeks 3, 4, 6,
8 and 10. This class meets in Room 2.19 Old Library, Geography Building, Drummond Street.
The seminar programme examines, in-depth, key themes in the study of nationalism, covering the
ten course topics, mixing both theoretical issues, and substantive case material. Seminars will
primarily involve student led presentations and discussions guided by the organiser, based on
assigned readings.
We have also suggested an optional series of videos to supplement the course. There are
available online, or through the Box of Broadcast archive.
(You can find out more about Box of Broadcasts HERE)
The explicit ethos of the course is to involve students as much as possible in informal and inclusive
discussion – indeed students are expected to lead such discussion - thus regular attendance at
both lectures and tutorials is required.
ASSESSMENT
Assessment for this course consists of one component: a 4,000 word essay, due on 12:00 noon
Monday 12th December 2016.
Essays are submitted using the Graduate School’s Electronic Marking system: ‘ELMA’.
Feedback (for essays submitted on time) will be returned via ELMA on 11th January 2017.
Your essay’s focus should be agreed after discussion with the course organiser on topic and title.
This process will be further discussed during the PG Seminars.
You should discuss the likely title of your essay with the course organiser as soon as you begin to
have clear ideas. You must formally agree the title of your essay with the course organiser no later
than Monday 7th November. In order to receive formative feedback you may submit a short
essay plan/outline (i.e. no more than one side of A4 to the course organiser) no later than Monday
21st November. Please email your plan/outline to [to be confirmed]
For Assessment requirements you should consult the Graduate School’s Taught MSc Student
Handbook 2016-17. This is available on Learn. This contains for full details of requirements
relating to:
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Coursework submissions
Extension requests
Penalties
COURSE OUTLINE
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Graduate School of Social & Political Science
Week
Date
Lecture/PG Seminar/(video)
PART I: THEORY
Week 1
Tuesday
20 Sep
INTRODUCTION: CONCEPTS AND PERSPECTIVES
Week 2
Tuesday
27 Sep
ORIGINS: NATIONALISM AND MODERNITY
Week 3
Tuesday
04 Oct
ORIGINS: ETHNICITY AND CULTURE
Video: ‘Edwardians in Colour:’ (2007)
Wednes.
05 Oct
PG Seminar: Modernity vs Ethnicity
Tuesday
11 Oct
CHARACTER: ETHNIC, CIVIC AND CIVIL NATIONALISM
Wednes.
12 Oct
PG Seminar: Ethnic vs Civic vs Civil Nationalism
Week 4
PART II: KEY VARIABLES
Week 5
Tuesday
18 Oct
RELIGION
Video: ‘Saffron Warriors’ (2004)
Week 6
Tuesday
25 Oct
LANGUAGE
Wednes.
26 Oct
PG Seminar: Religion and Language
Week 7
Tuesday
01 Nov
CLASS
Video: ‘The Death of Yugoslavia’ (1999)
Week 8
Tuesday
08 Nov
GENDER
Video: ‘Sri Lanka’s Killing Fields’ (2011)
Wednes.
09 Nov
PG Seminar: Class and Gender
PART III: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
Week 9
Tuesday
15 Nov
REGULATING NATIONALISM
Week 10
Tuesday
22 Nov
GLOBALIZATION
Wednes.
23 Nov
PG Seminar: Globalization and Ethnic Conflict
Week 11
Reading week – no class
CORE TEXTS
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Nations & Nationalism (Postgraduate)
There are no set texts for this course. However, the following texts provide a useful introduction to
the field (Main Library shelfmarks given in brackets)
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Balakrishnan, G. (ed.) (1996), Mapping the Nation, Verso (JC311 Map.)
Guibernau, M. and J. Hutchinson (eds.) (2001) Understanding Nationalism, Polity (JC311
Und.)
Hall, J.A. (ed.) (1998), The State of the Nation, Cambridge UP (JC 311 Hal.)
McCrone, D. (1998), Sociology of Nationalism, Routledge (JC311 Macc.)
Maleševic, S. (2013), Nation-States and Nationalisms, Polity (JC311 Mal.)
Ozkirimli, U. (2005), Contemporary Debates on Nationalism, Palgrave, (JC311 Ozk.)
The arguments contained with the following two books are key. You should become familiar with
them:
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Gellner, E. (1983), Nations and Nationalism, Blackwell (JC311 Gel.)
Smith, A. (1991), National Identity, Penguin (JC311 Smi.)
SUPPLEMENTARY TEXTS
These additional texts are consistently useful, and recur throughout the syllabus:
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Anderson, B. (1991), Imagined Communities: reflections on the origins of nationalism, Verso
(JC311 And.)
Beiner, R. (1999), Theorizing Nationalism, SUNY Press (HV40.54 The.)
Gellner, E. (1997), Nationalism, NYU Press (JC311 Gel.)
Hechter, M. (2000), Containing Nationalism, Oxford UP (JC311 Hec.)
Hutchinson, J. and A. D. Smith (eds.) (1994), Nationalism, Oxford UP (JC311 Nat.)
Llobera, J. (1994), God of Modernity, Berg (JC311 Llo.)
Nairn, T. (1997), The Faces of Nationalism, Verso (JC311 Nai.)
USEFUL JOURNALS
The journal Nations and Nationalism (Per. .32 Nat.: hereafter N&N) is particularly useful. It is the
leading journal in the field of nationalism studies, providing up-to-date analysis, and a forum for
debate and symposia. The seminar programme makes considerable use of recent N&N debates and
symposia.
Also useful are: Nationalism and Ethnic Politics (Per. .32 Nat.), and Ethnic and Racial Studies (Per
.3 Eth.).
NB: All ‘op. cit.’ references below refer to the texts listed above.
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Graduate School of Social & Political Science
LECTURES AND TUTORIALS
PART I: THEORY
Week 1
Tuesday
20 Sep
INTRODUCTION: CONCEPTS AND PERSPECTIVES
Until recently sociology overlooked nationalism. Why was this? We explore the basic attitudes or
approaches that are often taken toward the subject of nationalism, the underlying assumptions
about what kind of thing it is, which often predetermine our understandings. We begin to
distinguish ‘nations’ and ‘nationalism’ from related concepts such as the ‘state’.
Core Readings:
 Anderson, B. ‘Introduction’ (Ch. 1), op. cit.
 Gellner, E. ‘Definitions’ (Ch. 1), op. cit.
 McCrone D. ‘The Fall and Rise of Nationalism’ (Ch. 1), op. cit.
 Maleševic, S. ‘The Salience of Nationalism’ (Ch. 1) and ‘The Omnipotence of Triviality’ (Ch. 5),
op. cit.
 Özkirimli, U. ‘What is nationalism?’ (Ch. 2), op. cit.
 Thompson, A. and R. Fevre (2001) ‘The national question: sociological reflections on nation
and nationalism’, N&N, 7(3): 297-315. (Learn)
Further Readings:
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Billig, M. ‘Remembering Banal Nationalism’ (Ch. 3), op.cit.
Brubaker, R. ‘Myths and misconceptions in the study of nationalism’ (Ch. 12), Hall, op. cit.
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Kaufmann, E. (2016) ‘Complexity and nationalism’, Nations and Nationalism, 1-20.
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Renan, E. ‘What is a nation?’ (Ch. 1), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
Thompson, A. and R. Fevre (2001) ‘The national question: sociological reflections on nation
and nationalism’, N&N, 7(3): 297-315.
Weber, M. (1968) ‘Ethnic Groups’ in G. Roth and C. Wittich (eds.) Economy and Society Vol.
1, UC Press, pp. 285-95 (HM57 Web.)
Yoshino, K. ‘Japan’s Nationalism in a Marketplace Perspective’ (Ch. 7), Guibernau and
Hutchinson, op. cit.
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Week 2
Tuesday
27 Sep
ORIGINS: NATIONALISM AND MODERNITY
ORIGINS: NATIONALISM AND MODERNITY
The dominant theory is that nationalism is an effect of modernity and modernisation, including
such processes as industrialisation/capitalism, state-formation and the development of mass
cultures. We will examine various arguments for this explanation (especially those of Ernest
Gellner), as well as criticisms of it.
Core Readings:
 Breuilly, J. ‘The State and Nationalism’ (Ch. 2), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit.
 Gellner, E. ‘Nationalism and Modernization’, (Ch. 9), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
 Mann, M. 1995 ‘A Political Theory of Nationalism and Its Excesses’ in S. Periwal (ed) Notions
of Nationalism, Budapest: Central European UP (JC311 Not.).
 Nairn, T. ‘Maladies of Development’, (Ch. 11), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
 Özkirimli, U. ‘The Theory of Nationalism’ (Ch. 3), op. cit.
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Nations & Nationalism (Postgraduate)
Further Readings:
 Gellner, E. ‘Nationalism and High Cultures’, (Ch. 10), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
 Hechter, M. ‘Indirect Rule and the Absence of Nationalism’ (Ch. 3), op. cit.
 McCrone, D. ‘“Devils at his back”: nationalism and Ernest Gellner’ (Ch. 4), and ‘Nation as
state: nationalism and state-building’ (Ch. 5), op. cit.
 Maleševic, S. ‘The Birth and Expansion of Nationalisms’ (Ch. 3), op. cit.
 Wimmer, A. (2002) Nationalist Exclusion and Ethnic Conflict: Shadows of Modernity (Ch. 13), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (e-book)
Week 3
Tuesday
04 Oct
ORIGINS: ETHNICITY AND CULTURE
Video: ‘Edwardians in Colour:’ (2007)
ORIGINS: ETHNICITY AND CULTURE
Another major line of argument sees nationalism as arising out of processes of ethnicity. This
poses various questions: are the roots of nationalism ‘pre-modern’? how is ‘ethnicity’ related to
‘culture’? how is ‘ethnicity’ distinguished from related concepts such as ‘tribe’? why is kinship
such a common metaphor in the construction of national identity?
Core Readings:
 Brubaker, R. (2009) ‘Ethnicity, Race, and Nationalism’ Annual Review of Sociology 35:21-42
 Eriksen, T.H. (1993) ‘What is Ethnicity?’ (Ch. 1), Ethnicity and Nationalism:
anthropological perspectives, Pluto (GN495.6 Eri.)
 Hobsbawm, E. ‘Ethnicity and Nationalism in Europe Today’ (Ch. 11), Balakrishnan, op. cit.
 Hutchinson, J. ‘Nations and Culture’ (Ch. 4), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit.
 McCrone, D. ‘Tribe, place and identity: ethnicity and nationalism’ (Ch. 2), op. cit.
Further Readings:
 Armstrong, J. ‘Nations Before Nationalism’ (Ch. 21), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
 Banton, M. (2008) ‘The sociology of ethnic relations’. Ethnic and Racial Studies 31:7.
 Connor, W. ‘Homelands in a World of States’ (Ch. 3), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit.
 Connor, W. ‘Beyond Reason: The Nature of the Ethnonational Bond’ (Ch. 8),
Ethnonationalism, Princeton UP (.320158 Con) OR ERS 16(3)
 Maleševic, S. ‘Group Solidarities before the Nation-State’ (Ch. 2), op. cit.
 Mann, M. ‘Explaining Murderous Ethnic Cleansing: The Macro-level’ (Ch. 11), Guibernau and
Hutchinson, op. cit., especially pp.207-9.
 Smith, A. ‘Nations and History’ (Ch. 1), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit.
Optional Video:
Edwardians in Colour: the Wonderful World of Albert Kahn (BBC4, 2007) See episodes: ‘Europe
on the Brink’ and ‘The Civilian’s Story’ (available on Box of Broadcasts)
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Graduate School of Social & Political Science
PG
SEMINAR
Wed.
05 Oct
MODERNITY VERSUS ETHNICITY
Readings on Learn:
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Colley, L. (1986) ‘Who’s Nation? Class and National Consciousness in Britain, 1750-1830’,
Past and Present, pp. 97-117 (Per. .9Pas.).
Kliíma, A. (1993) ‘The Czechs’ (Ch. 9), M. Teich, and R. Porter (eds.), The National Question
in Europe in Historical Context, Cambridge UP (D217 Nat.).
Weber, E. (1976) ‘France, One and Indivisible’ (Ch. 7), From Peasants into Frenchmen,
Stanford UP (HN426 Web.).
Zubaida S. (2000) ‘Contested Nations: Iraq and the Assyrians’ N&N 6(3): 363-82.
See also the 2003 debate between Özkirimli and Smith OR the 2015 debate on Gat’s Nations:
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Özkirimli, U. (2003) ‘The nation as artichoke? A critique of ethnosymbolist interpretations of
nationalism’, N&N, 9(3): 339-55.
Smith, A.D. (2003) ‘The poverty of anti-nationalist modernism’, N&N, 9(3): 356-70
Hutchinson, J. (ed.) (2015) ‘Debate on Azar Gat’s Nations: The Long History and Deep Roots
of Political Ethnicity and Nationalism’, N&N 21 (3): 383-402 (contributions by Hutchinson,
Wickham, Stråth and Gat)
Week 4
Tuesday
11 Oct
CHARACTER: ETHNIC, CIVIC AND CIVIL NATIONALISM
Hans Kohn famously drew a distinction between western and eastern nationalism. This
dichotomy has since been joined by distinctions between ‘civic’ and ‘ethnic’ nationalism and
between ‘liberal’ and ‘illiberal’ nationalism. This session critically examines these dichotomies
and asks how useful are they to capturing the character of nationalism, and suggests instead a
trichotomy.
Core Readings:
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Anderson, B. (2001) ‘Western Nationalism and Eastern Nationalism’, New Left Review, 9: 3142 (Learn)
Brown, D. (1999) ‘Are there good and bad nationalisms?’, N&N, 5(2): 281-302. (Learn)
Brubaker, R. (1996) ‘Civic and Ethnic Nations in France and Germany’ (Ch. 28), in J.
Hutchinson and A. Smith (eds.), Ethnicity, OUP (GN495.6 Eth.).
Kohn, H. ‘Western and Eastern Nationalisms’ (Ch. 24), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
Yack, B. (1996) ‘The Myth of the Civic Nation’ Critical Review 10(2): 193-211, OR (Ch. 5),
Beiner, op cit.
Further Readings:
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Aktürk, Ș. (2012) ‘Regimes of Ethnicity’ (Ch.1) in Regimes of Ethnicity and Nationhood in
Germany, Russia and Turkey, CUP (JN34.7 Akt.) OR ‘Regimes of Ethnicity’ World Politics
63(1) (2011): 115-64
Brubaker, R. (2001) ‘The Return of Assimilation? Changing Perspectives on Immigration and
Its Sequels in France, Germany and the United States’, Ethnic and Racial Studies 24(4): 53148.
Eriksen, T.H. (2010) ‘What is Ethnicity? (Ch. 1) in Ethnicity and Nationalism, Pluto, Third
Edition (GN495.6 Eri.)
Geertz, C. ‘Primordial and Civic Ties’ (Ch. 5), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
Hall, J.A. (2003) ‘Conditions for National Homogenizers’ in U. Özkirimli (ed.) Nationalism
and Its Futures, Palgrave, especially pp. 28-30 (JC311 Nat.).
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Nations & Nationalism (Postgraduate)
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Kymlicka, W. (1995) ‘Misunderstanding Nationalism’ Dissent, OR (Ch. 7) Beiner, op. cit.
Özkirimli, U. ‘The Normative Claims of Nationalism?’ (Ch. 4), ‘Nationalism,
Multiculturalism and Liberalism’ (Ch. 5), op. cit.
Smith, A.D. (2001)‘Ideologies’ (Ch. 2), Nationalism, Cambridge: Polity (JC311 Smi.).
PG
SEMINAR
Wed.
12 Oct
ETHNIC VS CIVIC VS CIVIL NATIONALISM
Readings on Learn:
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Brubaker, R. (2004) ‘In the Name of the nation: Reflections on nationalism and patriotism’,
Citizenship Studies, 8(2): 115-27 (Per. .32Cit.).
He, B. (2005) ‘Minority Rights with Chinese Characteristics’, in W. Kymlicka and B. He
(eds.) Multiculturalism in Asia, Oxford UP (Electronic Resource)
Yegen, M. (2007) ‘Turkish nationalism and the Kurdish question’, ERS 30(1): 119-51
See also debates on ‘Miller’ AND/OR ‘Yack’
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O’Leary, B. (ed.) (1996) ‘Symposium on David Miller’s On Nationality’, N&N 2(3): 407-451
(articles by Miller, Moore, Barry, Knight, Kellas, O’Leary).
Hearn, J. (ed.) (2014) ‘Debate on Bernard Yack’s Nationalism and the Moral Psychology of
Community’ N&N 20(3): 395-414 (contributions by Hearn, Kukathas, Miller and Yack)
PART II: KEY VARIABLES
Week 5
Tuesday
18 Oct
RELIGION
Video: ‘Saffron Warriors’ (2004)
Religion has often (but not always) been central to nationalism. We will try to understand why
religion has provided the organizational and ideological context for so many nationalist
movements, and examine the hypothesis that nationalism can be viewed as a modern, secular
form of religion.
Core Readings:
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Anderson, B., ‘Cultural Roots’ (Ch. 2), op. cit.
Brubaker, R. (2012) ‘Religion and Nationalism: Four Approaches’, N&N 18(1): 2-20 (Learn)
Cauthen, B. (2004) ‘Covenant and Continuity: ethno-symbolism and the myth of divine
election’, N&N 10(1/2): 19-34. (Learn)
Grosby, S. ‘Nationality and Religion’ (Ch. 5), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op. cit.
Llobera, J. ‘Church, civil religion and nationalism’ (Ch. 6), op. cit.
Further Readings:
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Bellah, R. (1992) ‘America’s Myth of Origin’ (Ch. 1), ‘America as a Chosen People’ (Ch. 2)
The Broken Covenant: American Civil Religion in Time of Trial, U of Chicago Press, 2nd
Edition (E169.1 Bel.).
Gorski, P. (2000) ‘The Mosaic Moment: An Early Modernist Critique of Modernist Theories
of Nationalism’, American Journal of Sociology, 105 (5): 1428-68 (Per. .3Ame.)
Hastings, A. ‘The nation and nationalism’ (Ch. 1), Construction of Nationhood, Cambridge
UP (JC311 Has.)
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Graduate School of Social & Political Science
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Marx, A. (2003) ‘History and Arguments’ (Ch. 1) Faith in Nation: Exclusionary Origins of
Nationalism, Oxford UP (JC311 Mar.)
Optional Video:
Saffron Warriors (Channel 4 (UK), 2004) – available HERE
Week 6
Tuesday
25 Oct
LANGUAGE
Like religion, language has often (but not always) been central to nationalism. We will consider
the functional and ideological roles that language plays, and ask why it is so fundamental to
identity, and why it serves as a powerful metaphor for communal membership and identity.
Core Readings:
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Anderson, B. ‘The Origins of National Consciousness’ (Ch. 3), op. cit, OR ‘Imagined
Communities’ (Ch. 14), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
Billig, M. ‘Nations and Languages’ (Ch. 2), op. cit.
Deutsch, K. ‘Nationalism and Social Communication’ (Ch. 4), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
Fishman, J. ‘Language and Nationalism’, in S. Woolf (ed.) (1996) Nationalism in Europe:
1815 to the present Routledge, (.320158(4) Nat.).
Further Readings:
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Blommaert, J. (1996) ‘Language and nationalism: comparing Flanders and Tanzania’, N&N
2(2).
Coleman, W. (1984) ‘Language Policy and Cultural Development’ (Ch.7), Theindependence
movement in Québec, 1945-80, U of Toronto Press (F1053.2 Col.).
Laitin, D. (1989) ‘Linguistic Revival: Politics and Culture in Catalonia’, Comparative Studies
in Society and History, 31: 297-317 (Per. .9 Com.).
Rosie, M, J. Macinnes, P. Petersoo, S. Condor and J. Kennedy (2004) ‘Nation speaking unto
nation? Newspapers and national identity in the devolved UK’ Sociological Review 52(4):
437-58 (Per. .3Soc.).
Greenberg, R. D. (2004). Language and Identity in the Balkans: Serbo-Croatian and Its
Disintegration (Ch. 1&2). Oxford: Oxford University Press (PG1224.7 Gre.)
PG
SEMINAR
Wed.
26 Oct
RELIGION AND LANGUAGE
Readings on Learn:
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Arel, D. (2001) ‘Political Stability in multinational democracies: comparing language
dynamics in Brussels, Montreal and Barcelona’ (Ch. 2), A.-G. Gagnon and J. Tully (eds.)
Multinational Democracies, Cambridge UP (JC312 Mul.).
Eickelman, D. F., ‘From here to modernity: Ernest Gellner on nationalism and Islamic
fundamentalism’ (Ch. 11), Hall, op. cit.
Laitin, D. (1992) ‘Strategic theory and Africa’s language future’ (Ch. 6), Language
Repertoires and State Construction in Africa, Cambridge (P40.5.L352 Lai.).
Van der Veer, P. (1994),‘Religious Nationalism’ (Ch. 1), Religious Nationalism: Hindus and
Muslims in India, U. of California Press (BL2015.N26 Vee.)
See also the ‘Hastings’ debate:
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Nations & Nationalism (Postgraduate)
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‘Religion and Nationalism: Symposium in honour of Professor Adrian Hastings’, 9(1) N&N
2003: 5-54 (contributions by Grosby, Llobera, Magas and Smith)
Week 7
Tuesday
01 Nov
CLASS
Video: ‘The Death of Yugoslavia’ (1999)
Nationalist movements are often attributed to machinations of élites on the one hand, and the
aspirations of the masses on the other. However, close inspection almost always reveals the
crucial role of interstitial, middle classes, including intellectuals, professionals, academics,
bureaucrats, etc., groups often associated with ‘civil society’. We examine the role of class
processes, and especially middle classes, in nationalism.
Core Readings:
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Anderson, B. ‘Creole Pioneers’ (Ch. 4), op. cit. OR (Ch. 29), Hutchinson and Smith, op. cit.
Gellner, E. ‘The Coming of Nationalism and its Interpretation: The Myths of Nation and
Class’ (Ch. 4), Balakrishnan, op. cit.
Mann, M. (1993), ‘The Middle Class Nation’ (Ch. 16), The Sources of Social Power, Vol. II,
Cambridge UP (.301155 Man.).
McCrone, D. ‘In and out of the state: the rise and rise of neo-nationalism’ (Ch. 7),
op. cit.
Further Readings:
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Hroch, M. ‘From National Movement to the Fully-formed Nation: The Nation-building
Process in Europe’ (Ch. 3), Balakrishnan, op. cit. OR New Left Review, 198, (1993) (Per.
.33New.).
Khoury, P.S. (2003) ‘Damascus Notables and the Rise of Arab Nationalism Before World War
I’ (Ch. 3), Urban Notables and Arab Nationalism: The Politics of Damascus 1860–1920,
Cambridge UP (DS99.D3 Kho.).
Llobera, J. ‘Class, Civil Society and Nationalism’ (Ch. 5), op. cit.
Whitmeyer, J.M. (2002) ‘Elites and popular nationalism’ British Journal of Sociology 53(3):
321-341 (Per. .3Bri.).
Optional Video:
The Death of Yugoslavia (BBC, 1999), Episode 1: ‘Enter Nationalism’ available HERE
Week 8
Tuesday
08 Nov
GENDER
Video: ‘Sri Lanka’s Killing Fields’ (Channel 4 (2011)
There has been increasing interest in recent years in the relationship between gender and
nationalism, and the neglected role of women in national processes. This includes the gendered
symbolisation of the nation, the alteration of gender relations by the nation-state, and the active
role of women in nationalist mobilisation. We explore these themes.
Core Readings:
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Colley, L. (1992) ‘Womenpower’ (Ch. 6), Britons: Forging the Nation, 1707-1837, Yale UP
(DA485 Col.).
Nagel, J. (2003) ‘Nationalism and Sexuality’ Race, Ethnicity and Sexuality, Oxford: Oxford
UP (HQ21 Nag.).
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Graduate School of Social & Political Science
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Sluga, G. (1998) ‘Identity, gender and the history of European nations and nationalisms’, N&N
4(1). (Learn)
Yuval-Davis, N. ‘Nationalism, Feminism and Gender Relations’ (Ch. 6), Guibernau and
Hutchinson, op. cit.
Further Readings:
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Echeverria, B. (2001) ‘Privileging masculinity in the social construction of Basque identity’,
N&N, 7 (3): 339-63.
Hall, C. (2000) ‘The Rule of Difference: Gender, Class and Empire in the Making of the 1832
Reform Act’ (Ch. 6), I. Blom, K. Hagemann and C. Hall (eds.) Gendered Nations, Berg
(JC311 Gen.).
Menon, Kalyani Devaki (2009) ‘Everyday Histories’ (Ch. 1) Everyday Nationalism: Women of
the Hindu Right in India, U of Pennsylvania Press (HQ1173 Men.).
Mostov, J. (2000) ‘Sexing the nation/desexing the body: the politics of national identity in the
former Yugoslavia’, T. Mayer (ed.) Gender Ironies of Nationalism, Routledge (HQ1075 Gen.).
Sparks, C.L. (2000) ‘Citizen-soldiers or republican mothers: US citizenship and military
obligation in the era of “choice”’, S. Ranchod-Nilsson and M.A. Tétreault
(eds.) Women,
States and Nationalism, Routledge (HQ1236 Wom.).
Optional Video:
‘Sri Lanka’s Killing Fields’ (Channel 4 (UK), 2011) – NB disturbing content.
Available HERE
PG
SEMINAR
Wed.
09 Nov
CLASS AND GENDER
Readings on Learn:
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Alison, M. (2003) ‘Cogs in the Wheel? Women in the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam’, Civil
Wars 6(4): 37-54.
Elliston, D. (2000) ‘Geographies of Gender and Politics: the place of difference in Polynesian
nationalism’, Cultural Anthropology 15(2): 171-216 (Per. .572Cul.).
Hearn, J. (2002) ‘Identity, class and civil society’, N&N 8(1): 15-30.
Morton, G. (1996) ‘Scottish rights and ‘centralisation’ in mid-nineteenth century’, N&N 2(2):
257-79.
PART III: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
Week 9
Tuesday
15 Nov
REGULATING NATIONALISM
Genocide in Darfur, Rwanda and Bosnia, and the fragile peace in Macedonia and Northern
Ireland point to nationalism as a particularly destructive force. This lecture seeks explanations for
nationalist violence and explores the various strategies that have been employed to regulate
nationalism.
Core Readings:

Armstrong, J.A. ‘Postcommunism and Nationalism’ (Ch. 9), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op.
cit.
12
Nations & Nationalism (Postgraduate)
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Brubaker, R. (1996)‘National minorities, nationalising states and external homelands in the
New Europe’ Ch. 3 in Nationalism Reframed, Cambridge UP ((DJK51 Bru.) OR Daedalus,
124(2): 107-32 (Per. .0Dae.). (Learn)
O’Leary, B. (2006) ‘Power-Sharing, Pluralist Federation, and Federacy’ (Ch. 2) in B. O’Leary,
et al. Future of Kurdistan in Iraq, Pennsylvania UP (DS70.8.K8 Fut.)
Hechter, M. ‘The Demand for Sovereignty’ (Ch. 7), ‘Containing Nationalism’ (Ch. 8), op. cit.
Further Readings:
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Fearon, J.D. and D.D. Laitin (2000) ‘Violence and the Social Construction of Ethnic Identity’,
International Organization, 54(4): 845-77 (Per. .32Int.).
Hechter, M. ‘The Demand for Sovereignty’ (Ch. 7), ‘Containing Nationalism’ (Ch. 8), op. cit.
Kennedy, J. (2004) ‘A Switzerland of the North?: the Nationalistes and a Bi-national Canada’,
N&N 10(4): 499-518.
Malešević, S. ‘Nationalist Ideologies and Violence’ (Ch. 4), op. cit.
Mann, M. ‘Explaining Murderous Ethnic Cleansing: The Macro-level’ (Ch. 11), Guibernau
and Hutchinson, op. cit.
O’Leary, B. (2001) ‘The Elements of Right-Sizing and Right-Peopling the State’ in B.
O’Leary, et al. (eds.), Right-sizing the State, Oxford UP (JC323
Rig.).
O’Leary, B. (2001) ‘An iron law of nationalism and federalism?’, N&N, 7(3): 273-96.
Prunier, G. (2005) ‘Fear at the Centre: from Counter-Insurgency to Quasi-Genocide’ (Ch. 4)
Darfur: the Ambiguous Genocide, Cornell UP (DT159.6.D27 Pru.)
Riga, L. and J. Kennedy (2009) ‘Tolerant majorities, loyal minorities and “ethnic reversals”:
constructing minority rights at Versailles 1919’ N&N 15(3): 461-82.
Snyder, J. (2000) ‘Transitions to Democracy and the Rise of Nationalist Conflict’ (Ch.
1), From Voting to Violence, Norton (JC421 Sny.).
Stepan, A.C., Linz, J., and Y. Yadav (2011) Crafting state-nations: India and other
multinational democracies, Johns Hopkins UP (JC311 Ste.)
Varshney, A. (2002) ‘Why Civil Society?’ (Ch.2) Ethnic Conflict and Civil Life: Hindus and
Muslims in India, Yale University Press
Young, C. ‘Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in Africa’ (Ch. 8), Guibernau and Hutchinson,
op. cit.
Optional Video:
‘Unreported World: Kosovo’ (Channel 4 (UK), 2007)
Week 10
Tuesday
22 Nov
GLOBALIZATION
Whither nationalism?
To conclude we will try to tie together some of the themes we have covered by considering the
relationship between nationalism and ‘globalization’. What is ‘globalization’? What are the
implications of globalization for nationalism and its creation, the ‘nation-state’? Is nationalism
declining? on the rise? or the same as it ever was?
Core Readings:


Anderson, B. (1998) ‘Long Distance Nationalism’ (Ch. 3), The Spectre of Comparisons, Verso
(DS685 And.).
Mann, M. (1999) ‘Has globalization ended the rise and rise of the nation-state?’ (Ch. 12), T.V.
Paul and J.A. Hall (eds.) International Orders, Cambridge (JX1954 Int.) OR Review of
International Political Economy, May 1997 (Per. .33Rev.).
13
Graduate School of Social & Political Science
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Özkirimli, U. ‘Nationalism and Globalisation’ (Ch. 6), op. cit.
Suny, G. (2011) ‘Globalization and the Nation-State’ in D. Halikiopoulou and S. Vasilopoulou
(eds.) Nationalism and Globalisation: Conflicting or Complementary? Routledge (JZ1316
Nat.)
Conversi, D. (2012) ‘Irresponsible Radicalisation: Diasporas, Globalisation and Long-Distance
Nationalism in the Digital Age’ Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 38(9) (Learn)
Further Readings:
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Guibernau, M. ‘Globalization and the Nation-state’ (Ch. 11), Guibernau and Hutchinson, op.
cit.
Habermas, J. ‘The European Nation-state—Its Achievements and Its Limits’ (Ch. 13),
Balakrishnan, op. cit.
Hall, J.A. (2011) ‘Nationalism might change its character, again’ in D. Halikiopoulou and S.
Vasilopoulou (eds.) Nationalism and Globalisation: Conflicting or Complementary?
Routledge (JZ1316 Nat.)
Kaldor, M. (2004) ‘Nationalism and Globalisation’, N&N 10(1/2): 161-77.
Lasch, C. (1995) ‘The Revolt of the Elites’ (Ch. 2), The Revolt of the Elites, Norton.
Laitin, D. (1997) ‘The Cultural Identities of a European State’, Politics and Society, 25: 277302 (Per. .32Pol.).
Malešević, S. ‘The Future of Nationalisms’ (Ch. 7), op. cit.
McCrone, D. ‘Nationalism and its Futures’ (Ch. 9), op. cit.
Nairn, T. ‘The Owl of Minerva’ (Ch. 2), op. cit.
PG
SEMINAR
Wed.
23 Nov
GLOBALIZATION AND ETHNIC CONFLICT
Readings on Learn:
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
Eriksen, T.H. (2007) ‘Nationalism and the Internet’, N&N 13(1): 1-17.
O’Leary, B. (2002) ‘The Belfast Agreement and the British-Irish Agreement’, in A. Reynolds
(ed.) The Architecture of Democracy, OUP, pp. 293-356 (JC421 Arc.).
Peled, Y. (2006) ‘Zionist Realities: Debating Israel-Palestine’, New Left Review 38: 21-36
(Per. .33New.)
Tilley, V. (2006) ‘A Secular Solution: Debating Israel-Palestine’ New Left Review 38: 37-57
(Per. .33New.).
See also Symposia:


Smooha, S. (ed.) (2002) ‘Special Issue on ‘Nationalism, Multiculturalism and Democracy’
N&N 8(4): 423-564 (articles by Smooha, van den Berghe, McGarry, Pettai and Hallik, Fleming
and Saatci).
Berg, E. and G. Ben-Porat (ed.) (2008) ‘Themed Section on Partition/Conflict Resolution’
N&N 14(1): 29-104 (articles by Berg and Ben-Porat, Vural and Peristianis, Beck, Anderson)
14