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Nitrobenzene
SECTION 1: IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE AND OF THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING
1.1 Product Identifier
Chemical name:
EC number:
CAS no.
Index no.
Registration number:
Chemical characterization:
Nitrobenzene
202-716-0
98-95-3
609-003-00-7
01-2119615439-35-0000
Organic mono constituent substance
1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance and uses advised against
Nitrobenzene has industrial and professional uses such as the manufacture of intermediate chemical
products.
Identified uses: Chemical intermediate for use under strictly supervised conditions
1.3 Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet
CUF – Químicos Industriais, SA
Company:
Rua do Amoníaco Português, nº 10
Quinta da Indústria, Beduído
3860-680 Estarreja - Portugal
Telephone:
+351 234 810 300
Fax:
+351 234 810 361
E-mail:
[email protected]
Web page:
www.cuf-qi.com
Contact:
Maria José Alves
E-mail:
[email protected]
1.4 Emergency telephone number
CUF – Químicos Industriais, SA
Telephone:
Fax:
Portuguese emergency number
SOS – Poisons Centre
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+351 234 810 300 (24 hours/day - 7 days/week)
+351 234 810 361
112
In England and Wales: NHS 111 - dial 111
In Scotland: NHS 24 - dial 111
In North Ireland: Contact local GP or pharmacist during normal
hours;
In Republic of Ireland: 01 809 2166
Unite States of America: 1-800-222-1222.
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SECTION 2: HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
2.1 Classification of the substance
Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
Hazard class
Reproductive toxicity
Hazard category
Repr. 1B
Hazard Statements
H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child ,
Inhalation
H301: Toxic if swallowed.
Acute toxicity
Acute Tox. 3
H311: Toxic in contact with skin.
H331: Toxic if inhaled.
Carcinogenicity
Specific target organ
toxicity — repeated
exposure
Hazardous to the
aquatic environment
Carc. 2
STOT RE 1
H351: Suspected of causing cancer.
H372: Causes damage to organs through
prolonged or repeated exposure, Inhalation
Aquatic Chronic 3
H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting
effects
2.2 Label Elements
Labelling (REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008)
Hazard pictogram:
GHS06
GHS08
Signal word:
Danger
Hazard
statements:
H301: Toxic if swallowed.
H311: Toxic in contact with skin.
H331: Toxic if inhaled.
H351: Suspected of causing cancer.
H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child, Inhalation
H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Inhalation.
H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary
recommendations:
P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P273: Avoid release to the environment.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
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P501: Dispose of contents/container to... (Dispose of contents and container to
licensed, permitted incinerator, or other thermal destruction device.)
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position
comfortable for breathing.
P308+P313: IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
2.3 Other Hazard
Not available.
SECTION 3: COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
3.1 Substances
Hazardous substance
Chemical
Name
Nitrobenzene
CASNo.
EC-No.
98-95-3
202-716-0
REACH No.
Concentration [%]
01-2119615439-35-0000
≥99.96%
3.2 Mixtures
Not applicable.
SECTION 4: FIRST AID MEASURES
4.1 Description of first aid measures
General advice:
Remove victims from the danger zone without endangering your own safety.
Remove contaminated or soaked clothing (including underwear and shoes)
immediately.
If inhaled:
Bring accident victims out into the fresh air. If patient has difficulty in
breathing, administer oxygen; keep the patient calm and warm. Call a
physician immediately.
In case of skin
contact:
After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of soap and water. Apply
protective bandage with sterile gauze. Call a physician immediately.
In case of eye
contact:
Hold the eyes open and rinse with preferably lukewarm water for a sufficiently
long period of time (at least 10 minutes). Contact an ophthalmologist.
If swallowed:
If product is swallowed DO NOT induce the patient to vomit, medical advice is
required. Make patient drink water and rinse out mouth several times (only if
injured person is conscious).
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First aider protection
Respiratory protection:
Hand protection:
Protection mask with suitable filter (ABEK). At higher concentrations or
under uncertain conditions a respirator with independent air supply must be
used.
Use protective gloves; EN 374-3
Suitable materials: Nitrile rubber/Nitrile latex - NBR (≥ 0.35 mm); Butyl rubber Butyl (0,5 mm); Fluoro carbon rubber - FKM (0,4 mm)
Eye protection:
Use chemical resistant goggles.
4.2 Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
Methaemoglobinaemia and cyanosis are the most prominent clinical symptoms.
Toxicity on the haematopoietic system probably initiated by methemoglobin production was seen as the
primary effect and related secondary adverse effects occurred in the peripheral blood, bone marrow,
spleen, liver and kidneys.
Clinical (cyanosis), haematological (decrease of RBC counts, haematocrit, and haemoglobin) and
biochemistry examinations (elevated total bilirubin) indicated that nitrobenzene caused haemolytic anemia.
Because of the primary function of the spleen in the degradation process of altered/damaged erythrocytes,
haematopoiesis, haemosiderosis and congestion were the most predominant lesions in the spleen.
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed:
Basic first aid, decontamination, symptomatic treatment.
SECTION 5: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable
extinguishing media:
Unsuitable
extinguishing media:
Carbon dioxide (CO2), foam, extinguishing powder, in cases of larger fires,
water spray should be used.
High volume water jet
5.2 Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Specific hazards
during fire fighting /
Specific hazards
arising from the
chemical:
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Burning releases carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and
traces of hydrogen cyanide. In the event of fire and/or explosion do not
breathe fumes.
During fire-fighting respirator with independent air-supply and airtight garment
is required.
Fight fire in early stages if safe to do so. Containers at risk from fire should be
cooled with water and, if possible, removed from the danger area. Do not
allow contaminated extinguishing water to enter the soil, ground-water or
surface waters
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5.3 Advice for firefighters
Special protective
equipment for fire-fighters:
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
In case of violent hazardous effect: Wear a special tightly sealed suit.
SECTION 6: ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Put on protective equipment. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ensure adequate ventilation/exhaust
extraction. Keep unauthorized persons away.
6.1.1 For non-emergency personnel
- Move people to a safe area.
6.1.2 For emergency responders
- Use suitable personal protective equipment (e.g.: chemical protection suit; goggles, protective footwear,
gloves and suitable respiratory protective equipment)
- Evacuate staff to safety areas.
- Keep people away.
- Ventilate the area.
6.2 Environmental precautions
- It should not be released into the environment.
- Do not flush into surface water or into sanitary sewer system.
- If the product contaminates rivers, lakes or sewers, inform the responsible authorities.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
6.3.1 - Contain the spill with protective barriers.
- Cover the sewer exits.
6.3.2 - Take up with absorbent for chemicals or, if necessary with dry sand.
- Fill into labeled, sellable containers. Also place used cleaning materials into closable receptacles.
- Prevent spread of the liquid.
- Absorb any spilt liquid with an absorbent (e.g. diatomite, vermiculite, sand) and dispose of according
to regulations. Place used cleaning materials into closable receptacles
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6.3.3 - Afterwards ventilate area and wash spill site
6.4 Reference to other sections
Not Applicable
SECTION 7: HANDLING AND STORAGE
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Take care to maintain clean working place.
The substance must not be present at workplaces in quantities above that required for work to be
progressed.
Do not leave container open.
Use leak-proof equipment with exhaust for refilling or transfer.
Do not transport with/using compressed air at temperatures above 70 degree C.
Avoid splashing.
Fill only into labelled container.
Use solvent resistant utensils.
Avoid any contact when handling the substance.
Prevent seepage into flooring (use of a steel tub).
Use an appropriate exterior vessel when transporting in fragile containers.
Fire-fighting class: Liquid or melting substances
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
7.2.1. Storage
- Keep container dry and tightly closed in a cool and well ventilated place.
- Keep away from strong oxidizing agents.
- Keep in locked storage or only make accessible to specialists or their authorised assistants.
- Do not use any food containers - risk of mistake.
- Containers have to be labelled clearly and permanently.
- Store in the original container as much as possible.
- Place fragile vessels in break-proof outer vessels.
- Recommended storage at room temperature.
- If more than 200 kg of toxic and highly toxic substances are to be stored, or if the proportion of highly toxic
substances is more than 50 kg, then follow the rules of TRGS 514.
7.2.2. Packing material
- VCI storage class (VCI = German Association of the Chemical Industry): 3B
7.3 Specific end use(s)
Not Applicable
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SECTION 8: EXPOSURE CONTROL/PERSONAL PROTECTION
8.1 Control parameters
Components
CAS-No.
Value
98-95-3
3
Nitrobenze
5 mg/m (1ppm)
Control
parameters
TWA
Legal Basis
ACGIH
DNEL/PNEC value(s)
Long-term - systemic effects dermal carcinogenicity
Long-term - systemic effects inhalation carcinogenicity
0.021 mg/kg bw/day
0.07 mg/m³
PNEC value(s)
PNEC STP:
PNECfresh water:
PNECmarine water:
PNECsediment, freshwater:
PNECsediment, marine:
0.092 mg/L
0.038 mg/l
0.0038 mg/l.
0.127 mg/kg wwt (0.585 mg/kg dwt)
0.0127 mg/kg wwt(0.0585 mg/kg dwt)
8.2 Exposure controls
8.2.1 Appropriate Engineering Controls
Not applicable.
8.2.2 Individual Protection Measures, Suchs as Personal Protective Equipment
Respiratory protection:
Hand protection:
Suitable materials for
protective gloves
Unsuitable
materials
for protective gloves
Eye protection:
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If vapors form, respirators must be used. Put on full-mask respirator with filter
type ABEK. Avoid inhalation of vapour/dust.
At higher concentrations or under uncertain conditions a respirator with
independent air supply must be used.
Use protective gloves. The glove material must be sufficiently impermeable
and resistant to the substance.
Check the tightness before wear. Gloves should be well cleaned before being
removed, then stored in a well ventilated location. Pay attention to skin care.
In case of doubt contact the gloves manufacturer.
Conditionally suitable materials for protective gloves; EN 374-3:
(Permeation time ≥ 8 hours): Nitrile rubber/Nitrile latex - NBR (≥ 0.35 mm)
Butyl rubber - Butyl (0,5 mm)
Fluoro carbon rubber - FKM (0,4 mm)
Textile or leather gloves are completely unsuitable.
Natural rubber/Natural latex - NR
Polychloroprene - CR
Polyvinyl chloride – PVC
The producer “Ansell” gives an approval to use NBR (Sol-Knit)
Sufficient eye protection should be worn. Avoid contact with eyes. Wear
glasses with side protection. If the eyes may potentially come in contact with
the liquids, then chemical safety goggles are necessary.
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Skin and body
protection:
Hygiene measures:
Before a break wash hands and face with soap and water, after work take a
shower if applicable. Avoid contact with skin. Do not allow the substance or its
solution to dry on the skin.
Apply fatty skin-care products after washing.
Depending on the risk, wear a tight, long apron and boots or suitable
imprevious chemical protection clothing.
The protection clothing should be solvent resistant.
Wear flameproof, antistatic protective clothing.
If at risk of contamination, foods, tobacco, beverages and other articles of
consumption must not be stored or consumed at the work areas.
Special areas are to be designated for these purposes.
In NO case, drink alcohol.
Avoid contact with clothing. Contaminated clothes must be exchanged and
cleaned carefully.
Before a break it might be necessary to change clothes.
Provide washrooms with showers and rooms with separate storage for street
clothing and work clothing if there is a possibility of contamination of work
clothes.
8.2.3 Environmental exposure controls
• Commision Decision 2014/955/EU - list of waste
• Directive 2006/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2006 - on waste
• Commision Regulation (EU) No 1357/2014 of 18 December 2014 - replacing Annex III to Directive
2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on waste and repealing certain
Directives
• Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on
waste
SECTION 9: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
9.1 Information on basic physical and chemical properties
Oily Liquid
a) Appearance:
Pungent odour (Characteristic bitter
almonds)
No data
b) Odour:
c) Odour threshold:
d) pH:
e) Melting point/freezing point:
Not Applicable
5.26°C a101325 Pa
f) Initial boiling point and boiling range:
210.8°C a 101325 Pa
g) Flash point:
88°C a 101325 Pa
h) Evaporation rate:
No data
I) Flammability (solid, gas):
Not Flammable
j) Upper/lower limits of flammability or explosivity:
No data
20 Pa a 20°C
k) Vapour pressure:
l) Vapour density:
No data
1.2 a 20°C
m) Relative density:
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n) Solubility(ies):
1.9 g/L a 20°C
o) Partition coefficient n-octanol/water:
a 24.5°C o Log Kow é de 1.86
p) Auto-ignition temperature:
480°C a 101325 Pa
q) Decomposition temperature:
r) Viscosity:
No data
2.03 mPa/s (dinâmico) a 20°C.
s) Explosive properties:
Non explosive
t) Flammable Properties:
Non flammable
9.1 Other information
Not available.
SECTION 10: STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
10.1 Reactivity
Not Applicable
10.2 Chemical stability
Building explosive gas mixtures with air
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
Possibility of dangerous reactions with reducing agents and strong oxidants.
Substance reacts with water. Avoid contact with water.
10.4 Conditions to avoid
Avoid contact with oxidants and strong acids.
10.5 Incompatible materials
No data available.
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
Hazardous decomposition products may occur.
Nitrous gases (nitric oxides)
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SECTION 11: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
11.1 Information on toxicological effects
Nitrobenzene causes methaemoglobinemia. Toxicity on the haematopoietic system probably initiated by
methemoglobin production was seen as the primary effect and related secondary adverse effects occurred in
the peripheral blood, bone marrow, spleen, liver and kidneys.
Clinical (cyanosis), haematological (decrease of RBC counts, haematocrit, and haemoglobin) and
biochemistry examinations (elevated total bilirubin) indicated that nitrobenzene caused haemolytic anemia.
Because of the primary function of the spleen in the degradation process of altered/damaged erythrocytes,
haematopoiesis, haemosiderosis and congestion were the most predominant lesions in the spleen. Toxic
effects were seen in the liver, male reproductive organs, central nervous system, kidneys, adrenals, bronchial
and nasal passages. The thymus atrophy may be considered to give some indication of an
immunosuppressive effect on T-cells in rats exposed orally or by inhalation (DuPont 1981; Shimo et al. 1994).
Hazard Class
Acute oral toxicity
Acute dermal toxicity
Acute inhalation toxicity
Skin irritation
Skin corrosion
Eye irritation/corrosion
Skin sensitisation
Germ cell mutagenicity
In vitro
In vivo
Dose descriptor
LD50 rat: 588 mg/kg bw (male)
(Wistar rats, 14 day standard acute
study
LD50 rabit: ca. 760 mg/kg bw
(estimated)
Single occlusive exposure with 14
day observation period
LC50 rat: 2847 mg/L air (male)
Carcinogenicity
Not irritating
No corrosive
Not irritating
Not sensitising
From the available negative data for
micronuclei formation, chromosomal
aberrations, SCE and UDS in rodents
in vivo, it can be concluded, that
nitrobenzene is not suspected to
exert mutagenic effects on germ
cells.
LOAEC: 5 mg/m³ (rat, 2years)
Reproductive toxicity oral
Fertility
Teratogenicity/development
LOAEC: 51 mg/m³
Two Generation (Rat, Sprague
Dawley) Based on testicular effects.
STOT-single exposure
STOT-repeated exposure
Aspiration hazard
n.a
n.a
n.a
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Method/reference
(no guideline referenced)
according to Deichmann, W.B. and
Le Blanc, T.J. (1943).;
OECD
Guideline
Inhalation Toxicity);
403
(Acute
OECD Guideline 453)-Combined
Chronic Toxicity/Carcinogenicity
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SECTION 12: ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
12.1 Toxicity
Information on environmental effects
Nitrobenzene is toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Nitrobenzene is not expected to hydrolyse
under environmental conditions; Nitrobenzene is not readily biodegradable; If nitrobenzene is released or
deposited to soil most of the substance is expected to leach through the soil into the groundwater. To a
smaller extent nitrobenzene is likely to volatilise to the atmosphere.” The log octanol/water partition
coefficient of nitrobenzene (1.86) suggests that nitrobenzene will not have potential to bioconcentration in
the aquatic environment, and will not therefore have the possibility to bioaccumulate leading to secondary
poisoning.
Hazard Class/species
Short-term toxicity to fish:
Dose descriptor
Fresh water 96h LC50 = 92mg/L from
the fresh water zebra fish study; test.
Material: nitrobenzol;
Method/reference
Roederer, 1990. According to OECD
Guideline 203
Marine water 96h LC50 = 59 mg/L
from the Sheepshead Minnow study
Conducted according to EPA-660/375-009 (Heitmuller P. T. et al (1981).
Short-term
toxicity
invertebrates:
to
aquatic
24 hour EC50=11.2 mg/L (mobility)
Daphnia magna
Tosato M. et al (1991). The study
was similar to an OECD Guideline
202
(Daphnia
sp.
Acute
Immobilisation Test).
Long-term
toxicity
invertebrates:
to
aquatic
21 days NOEC = 1.9 mg a. i/L
(reproduction) Daphnia magna; test.
material: nitrobenzene;
Canton J. H. et al. (1985) (According
to Dutch Standardisation
Organisation (NEN 6501, 6502, 6504
and 6506 DSO 1980).
96 h LC50 = 18 mg/L (not measured)
(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)
Maas-Diepeveen J. L. & van
Leeuwen C. J. (1986). Inhibition
Growth Test performed according to
OECD Guideline 201.
NOEC (72 h): 9.2 mg/L test
mat. Nitrobenzene; (measured not
specified) based on: growth rate
(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)
Ramos EU et al. (1999)
Toxicity to algae:
12.2
Persistence and degradability
Biodegradability:
Degradation of test substance: 50% — 60% after 28 days (O2 consumption);
OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
Degradation
(abiotic):
DT50 nitrobenzene=131.7 days, determined by calculation (Epiwin v 3.1, SRC
AOP v1.92). 6.7% of the test material was mineralised to CO2 after 17 hours
(Freitag et al, 1982).
Half-life nitrobenzene > 23 days was determined at 23°C.(Atkinson, 1987).
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12.3
Bioaccumulative potential
BCF (bioconcentration factor) = 7.7. Bioaccumulation of nitrobenzene in the fresh water species Cyprinus
carpio a test considered equivalent to OECD Guideline 305 C (MITI, 1992).
The results above show no indication of a bioaccumulation potential in aquatic organisms (BCF <2000).
12.4 Mobility in soil
If nitrobenzene is released or deposited to soil most of the substance is expected to leach through the soil
into the groundwater. To a smaller extend nitrobenzene is likely to volatilize to the atmosphere.
12.5 Results of PBT/vPvB assessment
The data show that whilst the properties of the substance meet the criteria for Persistence, P/vP and
Toxicity, T, they do not meet the specific criteria detailed in Annex XIII for bioaccumulation and therefore
nitrobenzene is not classified as PBT and vPvB, a conclusion supported by EU risk Assessment Report
(2007).
12.6 Other adverse effects
Data not available.
SECTION 13: DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
13.1 Waste treatment methods
Waste disposal procedures:
- Wastes of organic compounds can be adsorbed with the specific absorbent material.
- EWC Code 07 01 99 - Wastes not otherwise specified
Packaging treatment:
- Recycling of packaging is preferable to elimination or incineration.
- It is not advisable to discharge nitrobenze waste through the sewage system
.- EWC Code 15 01 10(*) – Packaging containing / contaminated by waste from hazardous substances
Applicable regulations:
- Commision Decision 2014/955/EU - list of waste
- Directive 2006/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2006 - on waste
- Commision Regulation (EU) No 1357/2014 of 18 December 2014 - replacing Annex III to Directive
2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on waste and repealing certain Directives
- Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste
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SECTION 14: TRANSPORT INFORMATION
ADR
UN number:
UN proper shipping name:
Transport hazard class(es):
Packing group:
Classification code:
Hazard identification no.:
Labels:
Tunnel restriction code:
Environmentally hazardous:
1662
NITROBENZENE
6.1
II
T1
60
6.1
(D/E)
Yes
IATA
UN number:
UN proper shipping name:
Transport hazard class(es):
Packing group:
Labels:
Packing Instruction (freight aircraft):
Packing Instruction (passenger aircraft):
Packing Instructions (LQ):
Environmentally hazardous:
IMDG
UN number:
UN proper shipping name:
Transport hazard class(es):
Packing group:
Hazard Label:
EmS No.1, No.2:
Marine Pollutant:
RID
UN number:
UN proper shipping name:
Transport hazard class(es):
Packing group:
Classification code:
Hazard identification no.:
Labels:
Environmentally hazardous:
1662
NITROBENZENE
6.1
II
Toxic
662 quantity Max. Liq. Qty/Pkg : 60 L
654 quantity Max. Liq. Qty/Pkg : 5 L
Y641 quantity Max. Liq. max Qty/Pkg : 1 L
Yes
1662
NITROBENZENE
6.1
II
6.1
F-A, S-A
Yes (P)
1662
NITROBENZENE
6.1
II
T1
60
6.1
Yes
SECTION 15: REGULATORY INFORMATION
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance
This safety sheet was made taking into consideration the following legislation:
Community Legislation:
- Regulation (EC) No.1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December, concerning
the registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction of chemicals (REACH), and respective
amendments;
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Nitrobenzene
- Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on
classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, and respective amendments;
- Council Directive 98/24/EC of 7 April 1998 on the protection of the health and safety of workers from the
risks related to chemical agents at work and respective amendments;
- Commission Directive 2000/39/EC of 8 June 2000 establishing a first list of occupational exposure limit
values in implementation of Council Directive 98/24/EC on the protection of the health and safety of workers
from the risks related to chemical agents at work, and respective amendments;
- Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste;
- Directive 2012/18/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on the control of majoraccident hazards involving dangerous substances, amending and subsequently repealing Council Directive
96/82/EC;
- Commision Regulation (EU) No 1357/2014 of 18 December 2014 - replacing Annex III to Directive
2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on waste and repealing certain Directives;
- Commision Decision 2014/955/EU - list of waste;
- Directive 2006/12/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2006 - on waste;
- Directive 2008/68/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 September, on the inland
transport of dangerous goods
15.2 Chemical safety assessment
A chemical safety report was made.
SECTION 16: OTHER INFORMATION
This information only concerns the above mentioned product and does not need to be valid if used with
other product(s) or in any process. The information is to our best present knowledge correct and complete
and is given in good faith but without warranty. It remains the user's own responsibility to make sure that the
information is appropriate and complete for his special use of this product.
List of Changes:
DATE
REVISION
CHANGES MADE
Word “SECTION” added to all section titles
Sections 1.1. at 1.4.
25-05-2016
12
Section 2.1 and 2.2 – Classification and
labelling relative to directive 67/548/EEC or
1999/45/EC
Section 2.3
Section 3.2
Title of Section 4
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Integrated Management System
Nitrobenzene
Section 4.1
Sections 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.2., 6.3.1 at 6.3.3. and
6.4
Sections 7.2 and 7.3
Sections 8.2.1 and 8.2.3
Sections 9.1 and 9.2.
Sections 10.1 and 10.6
Section 12.6
Section 13.1
Section 14
Sections 15.1 and 15.2
Section 16
Abbreviations mentioned on the Sheet:
ACGIH – American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
ADR – European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
CAS No. – World authority for chemical information
EC No. – European Community
DNEL – “Derived Non Effect Concentration"
DT50 - Time required for 50% dissipation of the initial concentration
LD50 - Median Lethal dose
LOAEC - Lowest observed effect concentration
NOEC - No Observed Effect Concentration
VLE - Exposure limits value
SDS: - Safety Data Sheet
GHS : Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
IATA – “International Air Transport Association”
IMDG – “International Maritime Dangerous Goods”
LQ – Limited Quantities
vPmB - Very persistent and very bioaccumulative.
PBT - Persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic.
PNEC – “Predicted Non Effect Concentration”
RID – “International Rule for Transport of Dangerous Substances by Railway”
EC50 – Half of maximum effective concentration
LC50 – Median Lethal Concentration
REACH - Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals
LOW – European List of Waste
Acute Tox. 3 – Acute oral, dermal and inhalation toxicity, category 3
Aquatic Chronic 3 - chronic aquatic toxicity, category 3
Carc. 2 – Suspected human carcinogens, category 2
Repr. 1B - Reproductive toxicant ,category 1B
STOT RE 1 - Specific target organ toxicity-repeated exposure, Category 1
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Version: 12
Nitrobenzene
References:
Atkinson R. et al. (1987). Atmospheric chemistry of aniline, N, N-dimethylaniline, pyridine, 1,3,5-triazine
and nitrobenzene. Environ Sci Technol 21: 64-72.
Canton J. H. et al. (1985). Toxicity, Biodegradability, and Accumulation of a Number of CI/N-Containing
Compounds tor Classification and establishing Water Quality Criteria. Reg. Toxicol. Pharm. 5: 123-131.
DuPont 1981. Dupont Denemours and Company Inc. (1981). Initial submission: Acute inhalation toxicity of
benzene, Nitro- in male CRL: CD rats with cover letter dated 090292. as cited in: European Union Risk
Assessment Report (Draft), NITROBENZENE CAS No: 98-95-3. Testing laboratory: Haskell Laboratory.
Report no.: No. 158-81, OTS 84003A, Doc ID 818220423.
European Chemicals Bureau (2007b). European Union Risk Assessment Report, Nitrobenzene, CAS No:
98-95-3. 3rd Priority List, Volume: 77. Report date: 2007-05-19.
Freitag D. et al. (1982a). Ecotoxicological Profile Analysis VII. Screening Chemicals for Their
Environmental Behavior by Comparative Evaluation. Ecotox. Environ. Safety 6: 60-81.
Freitag et al, 1982. Ecotoxicological profile analysis. VII. Screening chemicals for their environmental
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Heitmuller PT et al. (1981). Acute toxicity of 54 industrial chemicals to sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon
variegatus). Bull Environ Contam Tox 27: 596-604.
Maas-Diepeveen J. L. & van Leeuwen C. J. (1986). Aquatic toxicity of aromatic nitro compounds and
anilines to several freshwater species. DBW/RIZA report 86-42.
MITI (1992). Biodegradation and Bioaccumulation Data of Existing Chemicals Based on the CSCL Japan.
Japan Chemical Industry Ecology-Toxicology & Information Center, Oct 1992, 3-436. Testing
laboratory:Chemicals Inspection & Testing Institute Japan.
Ramos EU et al. (1999). Algal growth inhibition of Chlorella pyrenoidosa by polar narcotic pollutants: Toxic
cell concentrations and QSAR modeling. Aquat Toxicol 46(1): 1-10.
Roederer G. (1990). Testung wassergefährdender Stoffe als Grundlage für Wasserqualitätsstandards.
UFO-Plan. Ref. No. 116 08 071/01. Testing laboratory: Fraunhofer-Institut für Umweltchemie und
Ökotoxikologie, Schmallenberg, Germany. Report no.: 116 08 071/01.
Shimo, T. et al. (1994). A 28-day repeated dose toxicity study of nitrobenzene in F344 rats. Eisei
Shikensho Hokoku 112, 71-81.
Tosato M et al. (1991). A new strategy for ranking chemical hazards. Framework and application. Environ
SciTechnol 25: 695-702. Report date: 1991-05-30.
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