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+PTÏ."ZCBSEF4PUPDependency and Intervention: The Case of Guatemala in 1954#PVMEFS8FTUWJFX1SFTT*OD 3JDIBSE)*NNFSNBOThe CIA in Guatemala: The Foreign Policy of Intervention"VTUJO6OJWFSTJUZPG5FYBT1SFTT "ZCBSEF4PUPDependency and Intervention, Immerman, The CIA In Guatemala )0)0/67PMVNF "NFSJDBPS*3$" CVJMUBOENBJOUBJOFEUIFUFMFHSBQITZTUFN BOEPXOFEUIFXIBSWFTBUCPUIPG(VBUFNBMBTQPSUTJOUIF 1BDJëDBOE$BSJCCFBO8$POUSPMPGUIFSBJMSPBEDPNQBOZ NFBOUUIBU6'$0iBSCJUSBSJMZJODSFBTF<E>UIFDPTUTPGBMMJUT DPNQFUJUPSTCZSBJTJOHUSBOTQPSUBUJPOSBUFTwXIJMFLFFQJOHUIFJS own rates low*OPOFPGUIFMBSHFTUBCVTFTPGJUTJOìVFODFPO (VBUFNBMBOQPMJUJDT6'$0JOFYUSBDUFEGSPN1SFTJEFOU +PSHF6CJDPBDPOUSBDUUIBUTUJQVMBUFEBOJOFUZOJOFZFBSMFBTF POJUTMBOEIPMEJOHTGSFFEPNGSPNBMNPTUBMMUBYFTJNQPSU EVUJFTSFHVMBUJPOBOEUIFBCJMJUZUPTFWFSFMZVOEFSWBMVFJUT QSPQFSUZUBYIPMEJOHTBOJTTVFUIBUXPVMEDBVTFQSPCMFNT EVSJOHUIF"SCFO[BENJOJTUSBUJPO ɨFUFOUBDMFTPGel pulpo SFBDIFEEFFQJOUPUIFGBCSJDPG(VBUFNBMBUIFNPOPQPMJTUJD DPOUSPMPGUIFFDPOPNZDPNCJOFEXJUIUIFJSIFBWZQPMJUJDBM 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ɨF6OJUFE4UBUFTJOJUJBMSFBDUJPOUPUIF0DUPCFS 3FWPMVUJPOXBTJOJUJBMMZPOFPGTVQQPSU4FDUBSZPG4UBUF $PSEFMM)VMMTUBUFEJOUIBUiUIF6OJUFE4UBUFTIBTOP JOUFOUJPOPGJOUFSGFSJOHJO(VBUFNBMBOJOUFSOBMBêBJSTw11 ɨFSFWPMVUJPOBSZHPWFSONFOUXFOUPOUPIPMEiUIFëSTU GSFFFMFDUJPOJO(VBUFNBMBTIJTUPSZwPO%FDFNCFS 12ɨBUUIFSFWPMVUJPOBSZBENJOJTUSBUJPOIFMEFMFDUJPOT XBTQSPNJTJOHQSFWJPVTBENJOJTUSBUJPOTIBEPGUFOSFOFHFE POTVDIQSPNJTFT BOEFWFONPSFPQFOXBTUIFGBDUUIBU OPOFPGUIFSFWPMVUJPOBSZMFBEFSTTPVHIUPïDFUIFëSTU UFSN(VBUFNBMBOTPWFSXIFMNJOHMZFMFDUFE+VBO+PTF 10 11 12 1BVM+%PTBMDoing Business With The Dictators: A Political History of United Fruit in Guatemala, 1899-19448JMJNJOHUPO4DIPMBSMZ 3FTPVSDFT*OD *NNFSNBOɨF$*" In Guatemala Immerman, The CIA in Guatemala Ibid Ibid 30 - HOHONU Volume 8 2010 "SFWBMP#FSNFKBOJOUFMMFDUVBMXIPIBEOPUJFTUPQSFWJPVT BENJOJTUSBUJPOT13"SFWBMPXBTBDPOUSBEJDUPSZQFSTPOUPUIF 5SVNBOBENJOJTUSBUJPOBTUBVODIEFNPDSBUBOEEFGFOEFSPG DBQJUBMJTNIFOFWFSUIFMFTTCFMJFWFEJOi4QJSJUVBM4PDJBMJTNw PSUIFJEFBUIBUBiIBSNPOJPVTTPDJFUZDPVMECFBDIJFWFE UISPVHIQTZDIPMPHJDBMMJCFSBUJPOSBUIFSUIBOBSFEJTUSJCVUJPO PGXFBMUIw14 15"SFWBMPTQBUIUPNPEFSOJ[BUJPOBOEFRVBMJUZ XBTUISPVHIFEVDBUJPOBOEMBCPSSFGPSNGPSUIF.BZBO NBKPSJUZUIFSFCZIPQJOHUPESBXUIJTHSPVQJOUPHPWFSONFOU QBSUJDJQBUJPOBOETUSFOHUIFOJOHBOEXJEFOJOHUIFTVQQPSUPG UIFSFWPMVUJPOBSZDPBMJUJPOXIJMFTBQQJOHJOìVFODFGSPNUIF Caudillos ɨFOFX(VBUFNBMBO$POTUJUVUJPOWFSZNVDISFTFNCMFE UIBUPGUIF6OJUFE4UBUFTCVUUPFODPVSBHFNPSFWBSJFUZJO FMFDUJPOTJUCBOOFEGPSFJHOPSJOUFSOBUJPOBMQPMJUJDBMQBSUJFT TVDIBT4PWJFU$PNNVOJTN16 Arevalo included Guatemalan DPNNVOJTUTJOIJTHPWFSONFOUCFHSVEHJOHMZUIFPSHBOJ[BUJPOBM BOEQPMJUJDBMFYQFSJFODFXBTTPNFUIJOHUIFOFXHPWFSONFOU OFFEFE17 Arevalo feared too much communist control in IJTHPWFSONFOUBTJUDPVMECFMJOLFEUPUIF4PWJFU6OJPO BOEVTFEBHBJOTUIJNCZIJTFOFNJFT#VUDPSSFDUJOHZFBSTPG VOEFSEFWFMPQNFOUBOEFDPOPNJDFYQMPJUBUJPOCSPVHIUPOCZ 6OJUFE4UBUFTCVTJOFTTJOUFSFTUTGPSDFEIJNUPVTFUIFQFPQMFBU IJTEJTQPTBMSFBMJ[JOHUIF64BTBEJSFDUUISFBUNPSFQSFTTJOH UIBODPNNVOJTN184VQQPSUJWFBUëSTUUIF6OJUFE4UBUFTTPPO CFDBNFDSJUJDBMPGUIF"SFWBMPBENJOJTUSBUJPOɨFFYJTUFODF PGDPNNVOJTUTBMPOHXJUIMFHJTMBUJPOUPQSPUFDUBHSJDVMUVSBM XPSLFSTPO-BUJGVOEJBTXIJDIIVSU6'$0JOUFSFTUT BOE "SFWBMPTFOUSBODFJOUPUIFBOUJ64$BSJCCFBO-FHJPOESFX IBSTIDSJUJDJTNBOEJSFGSPNUIF5SVNBOBENJOJTUSBUJPO "SFWBMPXBTOPUQPQVMBSXJUIUIFCaudillos, many of XIPNXBOUFEUPPVTUIJNGSPNQPXFSPGUFOBDDVTJOHIJNPG GFSNFOUJOHDMBTTXBSGBSF5XFOUZëWFDPVQTXFSFBUUFNQUFE EVSJOHIJTTJYZFBSTJOQPXFSOPOFXFSFTVDDFTTGVMBOEJO /PWFNCFSPG+BDPCP"SCFO[XBTFMFDUFEQSFTJEFOU20 "SCFO[GBDFETUJêDPNQFUJUJPOJOUIFFMFDUJPOGSPNIJTQBSUOFS JOUIFSFWPMVUJPOBSZDPVQ.BKPS'SBODJTDP"SBOBVOUJMIF XBTDPOWFOJFOUMZFMJNJOBUFEJO+VMZ21"SCFO[TPPO 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 Ibid 4UFQIFO.4USFFUFSManaging The Counterrevolution: The United States and Guatemala, 1954-1961,"UIFOT0IJP6OJWFSTJUZ$FOUFSGPS *OUFSOBUJPOBM4UVEJFT 1TZDIPMPHJDBMMJCFSBUJPOFOUBJMFEUIBUiFBDIDJUJ[FOIBTBSFTQPOTJCJMJUZUP (VBUFNBMBBOEUIBUUIFHPWFSONFOUIBEBSFTQPOTJCJMJUZUPFBDIDJUJ[FOw 'SPN4USFFUFSManaging The Counterrevolution Immerman, CIA in Guatemala 3POBME.4DIOFJEFSCommunism In Guatemala, 1944-1954 /FX:PSL 'SFEFSJDL"1SBFHFS*OD, Ibid ɨF$BSJCCFBO-FHJPOXBTBOPSHBOJ[BUJPODPNQSJTFEPGSBEJDBM EFNPDSBUTMPPLJOHUPPVTUEJDUBUPSTPGUFO64TVQQPSUFE GSPN-BUJO "NFSJDBOHPWFSONFOUTJOIPQFTPGDSFBUJOHBVOJUFE-BUJO"NFSJDBUP SJWBM64JOìVFODFJOUIFIFNJTQIFSF Immerman, CIA in Guatemala ɨFSFWPMVUJPOBSZHPWFSONFOUIBTCFFOMJOLFEUP"SBOBTBTTBTTJOBUJPO CVUJUTSPMFJTTVTQFDU"SBOBXBTSFQPSUFEMZPOIJTXBZUPVODPWFSBTUBTI GBDFEFWFOCJHHFSUISFBUTUPIJTHPWFSONFOUBTIFUSJFEUPTUFFS (VBUFNBMBOQPMJDZUPPOFPGTFMGTVïDJFODZBOEGSFFEPNPG GPSFJHOJOUFSWFOUJPOVOGBWPSBCMFUPCPUIGPSFJHOCVTJOFTTFTBOE 6OJUFE4UBUFTDPOUSPMJO(VBUFNBMB )PQJOHUPFOEUIFiEFWFMPQNFOUPGVOEFSEFWFMPQNFOUw UIBUSFTVMUFEGSPN(VBUFNBMBTQSJNBSZGPDVTPOFYQPSU BHSJDVMUVSFEVFUPUIFTUSBOHMFIPMEPGGPSFJHOCVTJOFTTJOUFSFTUT "SCFO[TFUBCPVUBUUFNQUJOHUPNPEFSOJ[F(VBUFNBMBBOEUBLF the revolution farther than Arevalo22*OIJTJOBVHVSBMBEESFTT IFFYQSFTTFEIJTEFTJSFUPiDPOWFSU(VBUFNBMBGSPNBDPVOUSZ CPVOECZBQSFEPNJOBOUMZGFVEBMFDPOPNZJOUPBNPEFSO DBQJUBMJTUPOFw235PEPUIJT"SCFO[XBOUFEUPJODSFBTFUIFSPMF PGHPWFSONFOUJOUIFMJWFTPGDJUJ[FOTGVOEJOHFEVDBUJPOBM IFBMUIBOETPDJBMQSPHSBNTXIJMFFOTVSJOHBTNPPUIUSBOTJUJPO UIBUXPVMELFFQUIFNBTTFTCFIJOEIJTBENJOJTUSBUJPO ɨFHSFBUFTUPGBMMUIFTFQSPHSBNTBOEUIFGVMëMMNFOUPGIJT DBNQBJHOQSPNJTFXBT%FDSFFJO%FDSFF XIJDIPOF64TDIPMBSIBTDPNQBSFEUPUIF)PNFTUFBE"DU XBTJOìVFODFECZUIF6OJUFE/BUJPOT(FOFSBM"TTFNCMZ 3FTPMVUJPOXIJDIiTBODUJPOFEUIFVTFPGBHSBSJBOSFGPSNT BTBOBQQSPQSJBUFNFUIPEGPSVOEFSEFWFMPQFEDPVOUSJFTUP SFTUSVDUVSFUIFBHSJDVMUVSBMTFDUPSPGUIFFDPOPNZw24 25%FDSFF IBEUXPHPBMT UPEFTUSPZUIFlatifundo-minifundio TZTUFNDPOëTDBUJOHVOVTFEFYQPSUBHSJDVMUVSBMMBOETBOE SFEJTUSJCVUJOHJUUPGBSNFSTXIPDPVMEHSPXTUBQMFGPPET EFDSFBTJOH(VBUFNBMBOSFMJBODFPOJNQPSUTBOE SFGPDVTJOH UIFOFXMZVOGFUUFSFEFYQPSUBHSJDVMUVSFXPSLFSTJOUPBO JOEVTUSJBMMBCPSXPSLGPSDF26ɨFQSPNJTFPGMBOESFBDIFE BDSPTTDMBTTBOEFUIOJDMJOFTUPESBXTVQQPSUGSPNUIF.BZB XIJMFGVSUIFSBMJFOBUJOHUIFCaudillos, who claimed that 22 23 24 25 26 PGXFBQPOTIJEEFOCZUIF$BSJCCFBOMFHJPOGPSVTFCZ"SCFO[UPBSN IJTTVQQPSUFST)JTMJNPVTJOFXBTTUPQQFEBOEiTPNFNFOKVNQFE PVUGSPNVOEFSBCSJEHFSJEEMJOHUIFMJNPVTJOFXJUITVCNBDIJOFHVO ëSF"SBOBEJFEJOTUBOUMZw*NNFSNBOThe CIA in Guatemala ɨFESJWFSPGUIFMJNPVTJOF-JFVUFOBOU$IJDP1BMBDJPTTVSWJWFEBOE DMBJNTUPIBWFTFFO"SCFO[TQFSTPOBMDIBVêFVSBOE-JFVUFOBOU"MGPOTP .BSUJOF[&TUFWF[XIPMBUFSPDDVQJFETFWFSBMJOìVFOUJBMQPTJUJPOTJO UIF"SCFO[BENJOJTUSBUJPO BNPOHUIFNFOMJOLJOHUIFBTTBTTJOBUJPO UP"SCFO[1BMBDJPTTTVSWJWBMUPHJWFUIFTFëSTUIBOEBDDPVOUTIPXFWFS ESBXTTVTQJDJPOBOERVFTUJPOJOHPGUIFBTTBTTJOBUJPOBTUIFXPSLPG DPVOUFSSFWPMVUJPOBSJFTMPPLJOHUPJODJUFBOUJ"SCFO[TFOUJNFOUɨF "SCFO[HPWFSONFOUEJEOPUJOWFTUJHBUFUIFLJMMJOHBOETFWFSBMEBZTMBUFS ëHIUJOHCSPLFPVUCFUXFFO"SBOBTVQQPSUTBOEUIFHPWFSONFOUɨF "SCFO[HPWFSONFOUXPOUIBOLTUPBSBJTFENJMJUJBNBEFVQPGXPSLFST BOETUVEFOUTɨF$*"UPPLUIJTPQQPSUVOJUZEVSJOHUIFëHIUJOHUP BUUFNQUBDPVQUXP64QJMPUTXFSFBSSFTUFEBMPOHXJUIUIFDPVQMFBEFS $BSMPT$BTUJMMP"SNBT"SNBTXBTTVCTFRVFOUMZFYJMFEGSPN(VBUFNBMB BOEXPVMEOPUSFUVSOVOUJMBTUIFMFBEFSPGUIBUTVDDFTTGVMDPVQ 'SPN*NNFSNBOThe CIA in Guatemala "ZCBSEF4PUPDependency and Intervention: The Case of Guatemala in 1954 Immerman, The CIA in Guatemala 4USFFUFSManaging the Counterrevolution: The United States and Guatemala, 1954-1961 "ZCBSEF4PUPDependency and Intervention: The Case of Guatemala in 1954, %FDSFFPOMZUBSHFUFElatifundiosPGPWFSBDSFTUIJTXBTNFBOUUP TJOHMFPVUGPSFJHOFYQPSUBHSJDVMUVSFDPNQBOJFTTVDIBT6'$0'SPN Immerman, The CIA in Guatemala DPNNVOJTUTXFSFSVOOJOHUIF"SCFO[HPWFSONFOU ɨF6OJUFE'SVJU$PNQBOZXBTUIFWFSZTZNCPM PGi:BOLFFJNQFSJBMJTNwBDPNCJOBUJPOPGCSJCFSZBOE JOUJNJEBUJPOVTFEUPHBJOHPWFSONFOUDPODFTTJPOTBOE SBDJTUFYQMPJUBUJWFUSFBUNFOUPGUIFOBUJWFQPQVMBUJPOUIBU UIFSFWPMVUJPOBSZHPWFSONFOUXBTUSZJOHUPFYDJTFGSPN (VBUFNBMB27#FDBVTFPG6'$0TBTTPDJBUJPOXJUIUIF6CJDP SFHJNFJUXBTUIFNBKPSUBSHFUPG%FDSFFɨFCJMMQSPWJEFE DPNQFOTBUJPOGPSMBOETFJ[FECZUIFHPWFSONFOUBDDPSEJOH 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EFWFMPQDBQJUBMJTNCFGPSFJUDPVMESFBDITPDJBMJTN35ɨF$PME 8BSTDIPMBS3POBME.4DIOFJEFSBENJUUFEJOUIBUUIF i$PNNVOJTUTTFFNFEQSFGFSBCMFUPUIFFUFSOBMMZRVBSSFMMJOH UIPSPVHIMZPQQPSUVOJTUJDBOEPGUFODPSSVQUMFBEFSTPGUIFPUIFS SFWPMVUJPOBSZQBSUJFTw36$PNNVOJTUTVQQPSUFEQSPHSBNTTVDI BTTUBUFGVOEFEDPNQVMTPSZFEVDBUJPOXPSLFSTPSHBOJ[BUJPO BOEBHSJDVMUVSFSFGPSNDPOOFDUFEXJUINBOZTFHNFOUTPG (VBUFNBMBOTPDJFUZ"SCFO[SFMJFEPOUIFDPNNVOJTUTUPCFB DPSFNFNCFSPGIJTHPWFSONFOUBMDPBMJUJPOBSFMJBODFUIBU64 MFBEFSTWJFXFEBTQSPNPUJOHJOUFSOBUJPOBMDPNNVOJTN ɨFSFGPSNTPGUIFSFWPMVUJPOBSZHPWFSONFOUUISFBUFOFE UIFHPBMPG6OJUFE4UBUFTGPSFJHOQPMJDZUIBU(VBUFNBMBSFNBJOT iBQMBDFGPSDBQJUBMJOWFTUNFOUw37%FDSFFSFQSFTFOUFEB iSBEJDBMNFBTVSFBHBJOTUB6OJUFE4UBUFTCVTJOFTTwBOEUIVT 33 34 35 36 37 Ibid 4DIOFJEFSCommunism in Guatemala, 1944-1954 4UFQIFO.4USFFUFSi*OUFSQSFUJOHUIF64*OUFSWFOUJPOJO (VBUFNBMB3FBMJTU3FWJTJPOJTUBOE1PTUSFWJTJPOJTU1FSTQFDUJWFTwThe History TeacherOP 4DIOFJEFSCommunism in Guatemala, 1944-1954 Immerman, The CIA in Guatemala 32 - HOHONU Volume 8 2010 (VBUFNBMBXBTiEPNJOBUFECZ$PNNVOJTUTwɨJTCSPBE HFOFSBMJ[BUJPOPGDPNNVOJTNDSFBUFEDBUFHPSJFTMJLFUIBU PGiDSZQUP$PNNVOJTNwPSUIPTFXIPEJEOPUJEFOUJGZBT DPNNVOJTUTCVUBMMJFEPSTZNQBUIJ[FEXJUIUIFDPNNVOJTU DBVTFXIJDI64QPMJDZNBLFSTCFMJFWFEXFSFNPSFEBOHFSPVT CFDBVTFUIFZXFSFIBSEUPJOEFOUJGZBOEDPVMECFBOZXIFSF40 41 5PSFQMBDFUIF"SCFO[HPWFSONFOUXJUIPVUQSPWPLJOHBEPNFTUJD PSJOUFSOBUJPOBMPVUDSZUIF64OFFEFEUPMJOLUIFSFDFOUFWFOUT JO(VBUFNBMBUPUIF6OJUFE4UBUFTJEFPMPHJDBMFOFNZUIF4PWJFU 6OJPO3JDIBSE*NNFSNBOPVUMJOFTIPXUIJTXBTBDDPNQMJTIFE ɨFJEFOUJëDBUJPOPGUIF4PWJFU6OJPOBTUIFNBTUFSNJOE CFIJOEUIF(VBUFNBMBODPOTQJSBDZQSFTFOUFENVDIMFTTPGB QSPCMFN*OUIFCJQPMBSXPSMEPGUIFDPMEXBS6OJUFE4UBUFT MFBEFSTVTFEi$PNNVOJTUwBOEi4PWJFUwJOUFSDIBOHFBCMZ *OUIFXPSETPGUIF&JHIUZUIJSE$POHSFTT4FOBUF'PSFJHO 3FMBUJPOT$PNNJUUFFDIBJSNBO"MFYBOEFS8JMFZiɨFSFJT OPDPNNVOJTNCVUUIF$PNNVOJTNXIJDIUBLFTJUPSEFST GSPNUIFEFTQPUTPGUIF,SFNMJOJO.PTDPX*UJTBOBCTPMVUF NZUIUPCFMJFWFUIBUUIFSFJTTVDIBUIJOHBTIPNFHSPXO $PNNVOJTNBTPDBMMFEOBUJWFPSMPDBMDPNNVOJTNw42 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ɨF64BNCBTTBEPSUP(VBUFNBMBGSPN3JDIBSE1BUUFSTPO SFDPNNFOEFEBSBUIFSOBDPHEPDIFTNFUIPEGPSJEFOUJGZJOHBDPNNVOJTU UIFiEVDLUFTUwi4VQQPTFZPVTFFBCJSEXBMLJOHBSPVOEJOBGBSNZBSE ɨJTCJSEXFBSTOPMBCFMUIBUTBZTiEVDLw#VUUIFCJSEDFSUBJOMZMPPLTMJLF BEVDL"MTPIFHPFTUPUIFQPOEBOEZPVOPUJDFUIBUIFTXJNTMJLFB EVDLɨFOIFPQFOTIJTCFBLBOERVBDLTMJLFBEVDL8FMMCZUIJTUJNF ZPVIBWFQSPCBCMZSFBDIFEUIFDPODMVTJPOUIBUUIFCJSEJTBEVDLXIFUIFS IFTXFBSJOHBMBCFMPSOPUw'SPN*NNFSNBOThe CIA in Guatemala, Immerman, The CIA in Guatemala Ibid "OESFX+4DIMFXJU[i*NQFSJBM*ODPNQFUFODFBOE(VBUFNBMBO .JMJUBSJTNwInternational Journal of Politics, Culture and SocietyOP (VBUFNBMBVOUJMUIFTFDSFU$PVQEÏUBUSBOJUTDPVSTF%VSJOH UIJTUJNFUIF$*"SFDSVJUFE$BSMPT&OSJRVF$BTUJMMP"SNBTB (VBUFNBMBOFYJMFXIPIBEQSFWJPVTMZUSJFEUPPWFSUISPXUIF HPWFSONFOUJOBOEXBTMJWJOHJO)POEVSBTUSZJOHUPCVJME BDPVOUFSSFWPMVUJPOBSZGPSDF45"SNBTXBTFWFSZUIJOHUIF64 HPWFSONFOUXBTIPQJOHGPSJOB-BUJO"NFSJDBOBMMZBNJMJUBSZ NBOXIPXBTBOUJDPNNVOJTUIFMEMJCFSBMFDPOPNJDJEFBT 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Guatemala "ZCBSEF4PUPDependency and Intervention: The Case of Guatemala in 1954 Immerman, The CIA in Guatemala Ibid 1SFTJEFOU&JTFOIPXFSXIPEFDJEFEUPJOWPLFUIF$BSBDBT BHSFFNFOUUPBSSBOHFBNFFUJOHPGUIF0"4XIJMFTJNVMUBOFPVTMZ TUFQQJOHVQQMBOOJOHGPSUIF$PVQEÏ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ɨF64EPNJOBUFE4FDVSJUZ$PVODJMWPUFEUPUIF4PWJFU 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HPWFSONFOUTVQQPSUFEBDPVQEÏUBUMFECZ$BTUJMMP"SNBTUIBU XBTVMUJNBUFMZTVDDFTTGVMJOSFQMBDJOHUIF"SCFO[HPWFSONFOU EVFUPBMBDLPGNJMJUBSZTVQQPSUUPëHIUUIFJOWBTJPOɨF JOTUBMMBUJPOPG$BTUJMMP"SNBTQSPWJEFETFDVSJUZGPS64 IFHFNPOZJO-BUJO"NFSJDBBUUIFDPTUPGTFMGEFUFSNJOBUJPO GPSUIF(VBUFNBMBOQFPQMFBOEJSSFQBSBCMFEBNBHFUPUIF64 SFQVUBUJPOJO-BUJO"NFSJDB Bibliography "ZCBSEF4PUP+PTÏ.Dependency and Intervention: The Case of Guatemala in 1954.#PVMEFS8FTUWJFX1SFTT #VSOFUU7JSHJOJB(BSSBSEi1SPUFTUBOUJTNJO3VSBM(VBUFNBMBw Latin American Research Review.7PM/P %PTBM1BVM+Doing Business With The Dictators: A Political History of United Fruit In Guatemala, 1899-1944. 8JMNJOHUPO4DIPMBSMZ3FTPVSDFT*OD )PMMBOE.BYi8JMMJBN1BXMFZBOEUIF$PVQ%ÏUBUJO (VBUFNBMBwJournal of Cold War Studies. 7PM/P *NNFSNBO3JDIBSE)The CIA in Guatemala"VTUJO 6OJWFSTJUZPG5FYBT1SFTT 4DIMFXJU["OESFX+i*NQFSJBM*ODPNQFUFODFBOE(VBUFNBMBO .JMJUBSJTNw International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society7PM/P 4DIOFJEFS3POBME.Communism in Guatemala, 1944-1954. /FX:PSL'SFEFSJDL"1SBFHFS *OD1VCMJTIFST 4PEFSMVOE8BMUFS$i"O"OBMZTJTPGUIF(VBUFNBMBO*OTVSHFODZ BOE$PVQ%ÏUBUBT5FDIOJRVFTPG*OEJSFDU"HHSFTTJPOw International Studies Quarterly7PM/P 4USFFUFS4UFQIFO.Managing the Counterrevolution: The United States and Guatemala, 1954-1961."UIFOT0IJP6OJWFSTJUZ $FOUFSGPS*OUFSOBUJPOBM4UVEJFT i*OUFSQSFUJOH UIF64*OUFSWFOUJPOJO(VBUFNBMB3FBMJTU 3FWJTJPOJTUBOE1PTU3FWJTJPOJTU1FSTQFDUJWFTwThe History Teacher.7PM/P
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