EnvironmentalFactors
regardingtheUseofAssistedLivingTechnologies
forPeoplewithDementiaandGermanNursingHomes
Structure ofWork Package 3
3.1Analysis of
possibilities,
limitations, risks
and chancesof
eHealth solutions
forpeoplewith
dementiaand
nursing homes
3.2Needs and
requirements
analysis
3.3Analysis and
evaluation in
reference to
mobile devices
andpeople in
need ofcare
3.4Market analysis
andpotentials
HowOpportunities and Threats have beenderivedwithin Demantec:
PESTLE Analysis
Political Factors
Economic Factors
Social Factors
Technological Factors
Legal Factors
Opportunities
Threats
Opportunities & Threats
Political Factors
Steps are taken towardsa „National Dementia Strategy: “Allianz für Menschen mit Demenz”1
Several political activities in thefield ofdementia and theuse ofassisted living technologies²
Awareness ofGerman Government regarding challenges ofthedemographic change andtheageing society3
Decentralised, self-managed healthcare system including many differentactors4
Economic Factors
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Deriving
opportunities
andthreats
APESTLE analysis hasbeencarried outinGermany and Denmark in ordertobuildafoundationofknowledgeregarding influencefactorsonthe
potentialuseofassisted living technologiesinthefieldofdementiaonbothsidesoftheborder.Ecological factorswereidentifiedaslessimportant
intheDemantec contextandhave beenleftout.TheSWOT analysis illustratesOpportunities andThreats fortheuseofassistedliving technologies
innursing homesinthefieldofdementia. This postershowstheresultsforGermany.
PESTLE Factors
•
•
•
•
SWOT Analysis
Shortage ofqualifiedstaffinnursinghomes5
eHealth as a growthmarket withpotential market opportunitiesinthe fieldofassisted living technologies6
Economic growthinthe nursinghomesector 7
Nursing homes are responsible forchoosingtechnologies fortheirinstitution 8
Complex handling oftheCatalogue ofTherapeutic Appliances might lead tofewer purchases9
Legally restricted possibilities ofnursinghomes regarding e.g. expenses formedical care aids10
Many relevant assisted living technologies may notbe financed bytheNursing Care Insurance11
• eHealth companies couldget (financial) supportbythestate
• New chances fornursinghomesandthe acquisition oftechnological solutionsfortheirfacilities
• FurthereHealthinnovations and newopportunitiesforcompanies,nursing homes&society
• Thedemographic change might notbesufficientlycounteractedandthepoliticsmight notbe
interacting fastenoughwithregard totheirdecisionmaking processes
• There couldbea lack ofpublicfundswithregardtotechnologies
• Thereseemstobeahigh potential forassistedliving technologiesforpeoplewithdementia
innursing homes
• There mightbe a need oftechnologies whichcan supportthepersonnel’s workinnursing
homes ina long-termview
• Itmight be difficultforeHealth companies tocatchattentionand get anursing hometoa
purchase decision
• Nursing homes aspurchasers ofassisted living technologies mightnotbe ascompetent as
Danish municipalities as purchasers
• Itmight happen thatpoorproductsareboughtbythenursinghomes while more suitable or
better productsarenotnoticed
• Theremight bea lack ofbuying powerontheGermanmarket
• Technical supportis becoming moreimportant,duetoe.g. a higherdistance betweenfamily
members
• The focusonneeds ofacertain target group,e.g. people withdementia, can help people in
need tobetter deal withtheirdisease
• Needs-orientedsolutionscanopennewmarketopportunitiesforcompanies
• Thequality oflifeofpeopleinneedmightgetenhancedbytheuseoftechnologies
• Coststhatoccurwhencaring forpeoplewithdementia couldbe reduced byusing assisted
living technologies
Social Factors
The ageing populationleads toahigher risk ofchronical diseases, especially dementia12
Elderly people may accept technologies ifusability anddesign fits
Focus onoutpatientcare13
Distance between adultchildren andelderly parents is generally increasing. Visits are becoming more
difficult 14
• High expenses forthehealth care system regarding people sufferingfromdementia15
• Surveillance is a controversial issue16
•
•
•
•
• Apersonsufferingfromseveredementiamight notbeabletousetechnologiesanymore
• Elderly people ofthecurrentgeneration ingeneral mightexperience difficulties whenusing
technologies, especially when design doesnotfit
• Surveillance is acontroversial issueinGermany à “observations” might notbeagreedon
Technological Factors
• Increasing internet use among people aged 60orolder 17
• Few experiences inthe use oftechnologyforpeople aged 60orolder,however there isstill potential for
acceptance ofassisted living technologies18
• Technical solutionsforpeoplesuffering fromdementia shouldtarget the specific needs ofthisgroup
• Potential fortechnological innovationsin Germany19
• “Störerhaftung” is potentially restricting openaccess toWi-Fi inmany nursinghomes20
Legal Factors
• SGB XIas framework forcare including relevant regulations regarding payment ofthesocial care insurance in
kindsand money
• Supportofoutpatientcare may lead topeople in nursinghomes withahigher degree ofcare21
• People sufferingfromdementia are able toreceive payment orservice financed bytheNursing Care
Insurance22
• Extensive legal regulations play a role whenitcomes totheuse ofpersonaldata23
• There mightbe a futurepotentialregarding technology and internetuse
• Thepotential fortechnicalinnovations might meanan opportunityfornursinghomesusing
assisted living technologiesintheirfacility
• Technologies thatrequireuseofinternetmightnotbesuitableforanursinghome
• Care personnel andpeople withdementia might notbecompetent enough withregard to
using technologies
• More people withdementia innursinghomes couldlead toaperspective ofusing
technologies innursinghomes regarding thistarget group
• Certainassisted living technologiesmight befinancedby theNursing CareInsurance
• Processing data couldmean problemsonthemarket
• People witha highdegree ofdementia living in nursinghomes inthefuturemight notbe
able touse technologies anymore (see also: social factors)
• Certainassisted living technologiesmight notbefinancedby theNursing CareInsurance
References
1 Kirchen-Peters ,Hiels cher,&Herz -Silves trini,2012,p.5,2 Bundes minis terium für Bildung undFors chung,2015andW eiß etal.,2013,3 Bundes minis teriumfürG es undheit,2015a;Ehlers ,n.d.,4 Statis ta,2016bandBus s e,Blümel,&Ognyanova,2013,p.111;Des tatis ,2016andBundes regierung,2015;Bus s e
etal.,2013;Techniker Krankenkas s e,2016andIQW IG ,2015,5 Augurz ky etal.,2015,p.14,6Statis ta,2016a,7fos /aerz teblatt.de,2015,8 W eiß etal.,2013,p.24,9W eiß etal.,2013,10 Section82(1)SG BXI,11 Section84(1)SG BXI,12 RobertKochIns titut &Statis tis ches Bundes amt,2015,13
Bundes minis terium für G es undheit,2015e,2016a,14 W eiß etal.,2013,15 Bundes minis terium für Bildung undFors chung,2016,16 Bundes minis terium derJus tiz undfür Verbrauchers chutz , 2014,17 Frees &Koch,2015,18 Schultz ,Putz e,&Krus e,2014,p.10,19 PeterG eorgieff,2009,20Schwarz ,2014,21
Rothgang &Müller,n.d.,22 Bundes minis terium für G es undheit,2016b,23s ection4(1)ofFederalData Protection Act
Picture SourceFlag:Shutters tock,N aypong
Note:Further information andfullreferences canbefoundinthe Demantec Miles toneReport 3.1
Demantec is financed by Interreg Deutschland-Danmark with funds from TheEuropean Regional Development Fundand
Demantec
is financed
byInterreg Deutschland-Danmark
withfundsfromTheEuropean Regional Development Fund
Syddansk
Vækstforum
(SouthernDenmark
GrowthForum).
andSyddansk Vækstforum (SouthernDenmark GrowthForum).
EnvironmentalFactors
regardingtheUseofAssistedLivingTechnologies
forPeoplewithDementiaandDanishNursingHomes
Structure ofWork Package 3
3.1Analysis of
possibilities,
limitations, risks
and chancesof
eHealth solutions
forpeoplewith
dementiaand
nursing homes
3.2Needs and
requirements
analysis
3.3Analysis and
evaluation in
reference to
mobile devices
andpeople in
need ofcare
3.4Market analysis
andpotentials
HowOpportunities and Threats have beenderivedwithin Demantec:
PESTLE Analysis
Political Factors
Economic Factors
Social Factors
Technological Factors
Legal Factors
•
Change fromstate management towardsmarket orientation 1
Focus onproactive initiatives tomitigate thepersonal andfinancial effectsofthe demographic development
(e.g. regarding eHealth andassisted living technology) 2
Commonstrategy fordigitalwelfare bythe Danish Government (Strategi forDigital Velfærd 2013-2020) 3
From 2016to2019Satspuljeaftalen has allocated over 60millionEuros (DKK470million)foraNational
ActionPlan forDementia4
The Ministry ofHealth Data (Sundhedsdata-Styrelsen) works onenhancing thecurrent digital infrastructure
andstandards fordatacommunication 5
Economic Factors
ofqualifiedstaffinnursinghomes6,7
• Shortage
• Municipalities prove, choose andimplement assisted living technologies8
• In2018anefficiency improvement program requires themunicipalities tofreeup134millionEuros (DKK1.0
billion)per year forthePublicSector 9
• CostreductioninthePublic Sector ingeneral8
• Lack ofcapital andotherchallenging conditionsforinnovative small (digital) companies inthehealth sector 10
Social Factors
•
•
•
•
•
•
Opportunities
Threats
Opportunities &Threats
Political Factors
•
•
Deriving
Opportunities
andThreats
APESTLE analysis hasbeencarried outinGermany and Denmark in ordertobuildafoundationofknowledgeregarding influencefactorsonthe
potentialuseofassisted living technologiesinthefieldofdementiaonbothsidesoftheborder.Ecological factorswereidentifiedaslessimportant
intheDemantec contextandhave beenleftout.TheSWOT analysis illustratesOpportunities andThreats fortheuseofassistedliving technologies
innursing homesinthefieldofdementia. This postershowstheresultsforDenmark.
PESTLE Factors
•
•
SWOT Analysis
• Thepositive attitudetowardsassisted living technologiescreatesa positive environmentfor
private companies engaged infinding newsolutions
• Creation ofamore uniformapproachtodigital solutionsintheDanish Public Sector
• Opportunitiesfortheprivate providersofeHealth anddigital solutionsoccur,asthey are facing
thesame requirements interms ofstandardsina contextofanimproved digital infrastructure
• Anychanges inthe favourable political climate orpublicopiniontowardsassisted living
technologies couldposea threat tothefurtherdevelopment anddissemination ofthese
solutions
• Focus onassistedliving technologies providesa high levelofservice ata reducedlevelof
costs
• Opportunitiesin public-privatepartnerships occurthroughtheengagementofmunicipalities
indeveloping and testingassisted living technologies
• Funding available forprojectsaiming atcreating newtechnologies can lead tonewinnovations
• The market competitive andthe publicdecision-making process islong
• The development phase is cost-intensive forsmall innovative companies andstart-ups
• Alack ofcapital forcompanies couldlead tofewerinnovativesolutions
• Elderly people are expecting and expected tobeable tolive independently intheownhomes
foralonger time withas little home care as possible
• Market fornewsolutionstoretaina high quality oflifeand levelofindependence
• Costsforpeoplewithdementia might bereduced by theuse oftechnologies
The ageing populationleads toahigher risk ofchronical diseases, especially dementia11
Needs ofpeople shouldbeconsidered whenit comes totheuse oftechnologies12
High costsforpeople sufferingfromdementia13
Focus onoutpatientcare14
People moving tonursinghomes are notonlyhighly aged butalso physically ormentally impaired 14
Surveillance is a controversial issue15
• Anything that might beviewedassurveillance is a controversial issueinDenmark
• People innursinghomes whoare highly aged might notbeable touse technologies
Technological Factors
• New generations ofelderly people are generally notafraidoftechnology16
• New technologies shouldinvolve and provevalue forthecitizens inconnection withnewtechnology
development as well as supportforcarepersonnel intheirdaily routinesandpractical tasks17
• Care personnel has tobecompetent regarding theuse ofnewtechnologies innursinghomes18
• Ifthe implementation ofnew technologies is notthoroughthentheelderly people may opposetothe
technology19
• There isa perception ofa“forced” need tobeready andwilling toadoptnewtechnology inDenmark16
• Anynew technology is expected touseopenstandards, enabling interaction withexisting systems20,21
• Opportunity forintroducingnewtechnologiesthatare simpletouse,evenforthe
inexperiencedaswell as forthosesufferingfromdementia
• New generation ofelderly people being familiar withtechnologies lead tonewtechnological
perspectives
• Using openstandards can lead tonewtechnological possibilities
• Care personnel might nothave therightcompetences forintegrating thenew technologies in
care
• Thepressureonelderlytobeableand willing toadopttechnology might leadtoa counter
reactionofopposing newtechnologiesina care situation
Legal Factors
• Themunicipal framework inDenmark providestheregulatory possibilities for
incorporating newtechnology inthecare
• According totheDanish ConsolidationActonSocial Services (Serviceloven) , themunicipalities mustprovide
special measures toresidents sufferingfromdementia22
• Municipalities work withaspecific set ofregulations regarding data processing23
• Regulations pose a threattothe technologies thatmight be viewed as surveillance
• Regulations might limit thepossibilities oftechnology use
References
1 Chris tens en&Lægreid,2001;Kettl,2000;Vike,Brinchmann, Bakken,Kroken,&Haukelien,2002 ,2 Bruns s on &Jacobs s on,2002;Brydens holt,1993;Colombo,Llena-N oz al,Mercier,&Tjadens ,2011 ,3Digitalis erings s tyrelsen,2016c ,4Sundheds og ældreminis teriet,2015,5 U ddannels es - og
Fors knings minis teriet,2016,6 Alz heimerforeningen, 2013,p.2 ,7Kommis s ion omlivs kvalitet ofs elvbes temmels e i plejebolig og plejehjem,2012,p.21citedfromTilbuds portalen,2011,8 Finans minis teriet,2011 , 9Finans minis teriet,2016 ,10 Erhvervs s tyrels en,2014a,11Danmarks Statis tik,2016,12
Jørgens en,2016;Soren Peder Sorens en,2016;SorenPeder Sorens en,2016 ,13 N ationalt videns center forDemens ,n.d ,14 Section83ofDanis hCons olidation ActonSocialServices ,15 Sundheds loven,n.d.,16Magas inet Pleje,2016 ,17 Lifepartners A/ S,18 Vibeke Juliebø,2009;Jette Oberländer,Oehlert,
Kjærgaard,&Anders en,2011 ,19 Jens en&Hjorth,2016 ,20 FreeSoftware FoundationEurope, 2016 ,21OpenSourceInitiative,2006,22 Minis terfor SocialAffairs andtheInterior Denmark,2013 ,23 Municipalityof Aabenraa ,n.d.
Picture SourceFlag:Shutters tock,N aypong
Note:Further information andfullreferences canbefoundinthe Demantec Miles toneReport 3.1
Demantec is financed by Interreg Deutschland-Danmark with funds from TheEuropean Regional Development Fundand
Demantec
is financed
byInterreg Deutschland-Danmark
withfundsfromTheEuropean Regional Development Fund
Syddansk
Vækstforum
(SouthernDenmark
GrowthForum).
andSyddansk Vækstforum (SouthernDenmark GrowthForum).