Teacher Overview Objectives: The Directory NYS Social Studies Framework Alignment: Key Idea 10.2: ENLIGHTENMENT, REVOLUTION, AND NATIONALISM: The Enlightenment called into question traditional beliefs and inspired widespread political, economic, and social change. This intellectual movement was used to challenge political authorities in Europe and colonial rule in the Americas. These ideals inspired political and social movements. (Standards: 2, 3, 5; Themes: MOV, TCC, GEO, SOC, GOV, CIV) Conceptual Understanding Content Specification 10.2c Individuals and groups drew upon principles of the Enlightenment to spread rebellions and call for revolutions in France and the Americas. Students will examine evidence related to the preconditions of the French Revolution and the course of the revolution, noting the roles of Olympe de Gouges, Maximilien Robespierre, and Napoleon Bonaparte. Objective Guiding Question and Activity Description 1. Describe what the Directory was and its impact on What was The Directory? How did the Directory impact revolutionary progress? revolutionary progress. ●
timeline, secondary source analysis What was the Directory? How did the Directory impact revolutionary progress? Objective: Describe what the Directory was and its impact on revolutionary progress. April 1795 August 1795 Churches reopen after being closed by anti-Church revolutionaries October 1797 Spring 1799 Directory formed to rule French defeat Austria French driven back by Austria, Russia, Turkey and Great Britain After Robespierre's execution in 1794, a new constitution was created. The French Revolution entered its the Directory stage which existed from October 1795 to November 1799. The Constitution of 1795 created the Directory which was a five-member group that functioned as the executive or head of the government. The Directory was weak and grew to rely on the military. It suffered from widespread corruption. Its policies aimed at protecting the positions of those who had supported the Revolution. The directors staged a series of coups to overturn electoral results that they did not like, and the legislature purged the directors. The most famous coup was in 1799, when the Directory was overthrown by Napoléon Bonaparte with the assistance of one of the directors, Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès. Despite the corruption and weakness, the Directory consolidated many of the gains of the first years of the Revolution such as the creation of a system of elite centralized schools, the grandes écoles. Additionally, the French economy recovered from the disruption caused by the Terror, and the successes of the French armies laid the basis for the conquests of the Napoleonic period. Sources: http://www.britannica.com/topic/Directory-French-history, h
ttps://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/browse/glossary/, http://www.britannia.com/history/euro/1/2_1.html Directions: Using the timeline and excerpt, complete the chart and respond to the questions below. Positive Actions During the Directory Negative Actions During the Directory How did the Directory impact revolutionary progress? 1