APRIL EXTREME- SCIENCE
Section 1
Read each question carefully. Choose the most suitable answer.
1. What is biodiversity?
A. The differences in the genotypes of a population of organisms.
B. An organism’s physical appearance.
C. The variety of different types of life found on Earth.
D. Large ecological areas on the Earth’s surface.
2. Which of the following is not a biome?
A. Deserts.
B. Tundra.
C. Grassland.
D. Flowers.
3.
How do plants benefit the environment?
A. They clean the air by removing the oxygen and producing carbon dioxide.
B. They filter freshwater so it can be reused.
C. They help rainwater flow faster down slopes to avoid mudslides.
D. They help push the soil apart so that it can slide down a slope.
4. The following are the biggest cause in biodiversity decline, except:
A. Clearing of land for farming.
B. Overfishing.
C. Invasive alien species.
D. Reforestation
5. ____________ is when water is used to generate electricity by capturing the energy
generated by falling water.
A. Wind turbines
B. Hydroelectricity
C. Geothermal energy
D. Solar energy
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Section 2
Answer the questions in the spaces provided.
6. Study the picture of the wheat field below and answer the following questions.
a. What is organic farming? Explain.
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b. The practice of changing the crops on a piece of land on a regular basis is known as
crop rotation. How is crop rotation beneficial? State 4 benefits.
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c. Humans depend on biodiversity to provide us with food. What can you do to help reduce
the impact of obtaining food on the environment? Explain two ways.
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Answer Key
Section 1
1. C. The variety of different types of life found on Earth.
Tip: Biodiversity is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems.
This can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation within an area,
biome, or planet.
2. D. Flowers.
Tip: Biomes are very large ecological areas on the earth's surface, with fauna and flora
adapting to their environment. Biomes are often defined by abiotic factors such as climate,
relief, geology, soils and vegetation.
3. B. They filter freshwater so it can be reused.
Tip: Plants also help our environment by controlling flooding and mudslides. Plants help
control flooding in two ways: the roots push the soil apart, letting the water soak into the
ground easier; and they slow down the moving water, giving it more time to soak into the
ground. Plants help control mudslides because their roots hold the dirt in place and help to
keep it from sliding down a slope.
4. D. Reforestation.
Tip: People destroy habitats all the time when they cut down forests, clear land for farming
and build houses or roads. By destroying or splitting up natural areas we change the
environment of the species that live there. These changes can force the animals, plants and
microorganisms to move or go extinct.
5. B. Hydroelectricity.
Tip: Hydroelectricity does not produce significant greenhouse gas emissions but does have
other major environmental impacts. The reservoirs often destroy vast areas of highly
productive forest and wildlife habitat. The dams also damage freshwater ecosystems by
blocking the movement of fish and other organisms.
Section 2
6. a. Organic farming is the process of producing food naturally. This method avoids the use of
synthetic chemical fertilizers and genetically modified organisms to influence the growth
of crops.
b. Different crops have different nutrient requirements and affect soil balance differently.
Crop rotation prevents soil depletion, maintains soil fertility and reduces soil erosion. It
also reduces reliance on synthethic chemicals, reduces pests build up and prevents
diseases. (Accept any appropriate answers)
c. Grow you own food and rotate the vegetables you plant in the same container and it will work in
a similar way as crop rotation. Use organic fertilizers instead of chemicals to promote plant
growth and control pests.
Buy local and organic food as much as possible. This reduces the pollution produced by
shipping food and encourages a reduction in the amount of pesticides used.
(Accept any appropriate answers)
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