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Skills Worksheet
Concept Review
Section: Acidity, Basicity, and pH
Complete each statement below by choosing a term or formula from the following
list. Use each term only once.
H3O
OH
[H3O]
equal
constant
acid
concentration
[OH ]
equilibrium
base
system
14
1.00 10
ion product of water
1. The self-ionization of pure water at 25°C is a(n)
system in which
amounts of
ions and
ions are
produced. Therefore, the
of these ions in pure
water must be equal.
2. The equilibrium
, Kw , is called the
. In the self-ionization of water and in any
involving
and
solutions, the product of
and
must equal
.
Complete the statements in items 3 and 4 by referring to Table 1 below and
choosing a term from the list that follows. Use each term only once.
TABLE 1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN [H] AND pH IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
No. 1
No. 2
2
No. 3
4
No. 4
No. 5
6
7
No. 6
No. 8
No. 9
10
12
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
1014
pH
0
2
4
6
7
8
10
12
14
Neutral
aggggeebeeggggc
Basic
aggggebeggggc
Acidic
8
No. 7
[H ]
0
higher
inversely
increases
10
decreases
lower
hydronium ion
pH
3
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Holt Chemistry
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Acids and Bases
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Concept Review continued
3. Table 1 shows that [H3O] and pH are
related. As [H3O]
decreases from 108 M to 1010 M, pH
general, as the
from 8 to 10. In
concentration decreases, the
increases. In other words, the
the pH, the
less acidic (more basic) the solution.
[H3O] than does a
4. A solution of pH 6 has a(n)
solution of pH 4. When pH increases by one unit, [H3O]
by a factor of
of pH
. A solution
has a [H3O] one-tenth that of a solution of
pH 2 and 10 times that of a solution of pH 4.
Answer each of the following questions in the space provided.
5. Explain how a mixture of indicators, like those in pH paper, is used to determine pH.
6. Describe a pH meter, and briefly describe how such a device measures pH.
Solve the following problems, and write your answer in the space provided.
7. Determine the [OH] of a solution that contains 1 105 mol of H3O per
liter.
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Acids and Bases
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Concept Review continued
8. What is the pH of a 0.10 M solution of HCl, a strong acid?
9. The [OH] in a solution is 5 105 M. What is the [H3O] and pH of this
solution?
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Acids and Bases
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TEACHER RESOURCE
Answer Key
Concept Review: What Are
Acids and Bases?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
d
f
b
c
g
e
a
a. HSO4
b. H2O
9. a. H2PO4
b. H2O
10. base
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. acid
12. a. H3O
b. HSO4
13. a. H2O
b. NH3
14. d
15. b
16. c
17. d
18. b
19. b
Concept Review: Equilibria
of Weak Acids and Bases
Concept Review: Acidity,
Basicity, and pH
1. equilibrium, equal, H3O, OH,
concentration
2. constant, ion product of water, system,
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
A
B
C
7, 4, 10, phenolphthalein
7, methyl orange
10, 10, 10
a. 0.340 M
b. no
acid, base, [H3O], [OH], 1.00 1014
inversely, increases, hydronium ion,
pH, higher
lower, decreases, 10, 3
A mixture of dyes gives a continuous
gradation of colors through a wide pH
range. The color on a strip of pH paper
can be matched against a standard to
determine a solution’s pH.
A pH meter is an electronic device
that measures pH by electrochemical
means. It provides a direct digital
reading for the pH of a solution into
which its electrodes are placed.
1 109 M
1.0
[H3O] 2 1010 M; pH 9.7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
H2O, water
OH
2
H2O, H2PO4 , HCO
3 , HPO4
HCOO
NH 4
NH 4
ClO
HCOOH
It increases.
It decreases.
stronger, stronger
higher, lower
1.71 105
4.0 1010
buffer, acid, base
base, H3O, Le Châtelier’s, H3O
buffer, equal
Problem Solving
pH
Concept Review:
Neutralization and Titration
1. titration, standard, unknown,
neutralization, salt, water
2. equivalent, equivalence point,
hydroxide, hydronium
3. D
1. a. [OH] 0.05 M,
[H3O] 2 1013 M
b. [OH] 2.0 1012 M,
[H3O] 5.0 103 M
c. [OH] 0.013 M,
[H3O] 7.7 1013 M
d. [OH] 6.67 1014 M,
[H3O] 0.150 M
e. [OH] 0.0400 M,
[H3O] 2.50 1013 M
f. [OH] 2.56 1014 M,
[H3O] 0.390 M
g. 10, 2.3, 12.11, 0.824, 12.602, 0.409
2. [OH] 0.160 M
[H3O] 6.25 1014 M
3. 0.08 M
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Holt Chemistry
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Acids and Bases