AMDG
Notes: The Periodic Table
Organizing the Elements
Periodic Table
 _____________________ developed the modern periodic table. Argued that element properties are periodic functions of their
_____________________.
 We now know that element properties are periodic functions of their _______________________.
The Modern Periodic Table
 Periods in the Periodic Table _________________________________________________________
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Groups in the Periodic Table___________________________________________________________
How to Read
See Periodic Table in planner
Atomic Mass
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Atomic mass is a value that depends on the distribution of an element 's isotopes in nature and the masses of those
isotopes
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
Chlorine = atomic mass of 35.453 amu

Chlorine had two isotopes one with a mass of 37 and the other with a mass of 35
Calculate the average. ______________________
How do we get 35.453 amu?
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Valence Electrons
•
Elements in a group have similar
properties because they have the same
number of valence electrons.
–
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Regions of the Periodic Table
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Properties
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Properties
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Properties
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Properties fall between the metals and nonmetals
Element Abundance
Representative Groups
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 Shuttle main engines use H2 and O2
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Properties
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_______________________________
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Reactivity increases as you move down the group
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Found as compounds in nature _______________________
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Properties
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_______________________________

Differences in reactivity are seen in water
Ca, Sr, Ba react with cold water
Mg reacts with hot water
Be does not react with water
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Properties

3 valence electrons

_____ most abundant metal in Earth's crust

______ is used to make glassware
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Group 4A (Carbon Family): C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
Properties

4 valence electrons
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Metallic nature increases from top to bottom
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_______

_______ is the second mostGroup
abundant
element Family):
in Earth'sN,crust.
5A (Nitrogen
P, As, Sb, Bi
is essential to life
______________________________
Properties

5 valence electrons

______________________are the two most important elements in this group

Fertilizers, aids in chemical reactions within the body
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Group 6A (Oxygen Family): O, S, Se, Te, Po
Properties

6 valence electrons
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_______________ is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust.

O is needed for _______________________________________________
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Group 7A (Halogens): F, Cl, Br, I, At
Properties
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7 valence electrons
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Highly reactive nonmetals ( F, Cl)
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React easily with metals Group 8A (Noble Gasses): He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
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Properties
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He has 2 valence electrons
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The rest have 8 valence electrons
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