World History exam review sheet ch5-7.
Define or identify the following key terms, people, or places. Please provide all information you feel is
needed to accurately describe the terms.
Zoroaster-religious leader
Darius-Persian King
Iran- “land of the Aryans”
Litter-carriage
Nebuchadnezzar-Chaldean King built the Hanging Gardens for his wife
Persepolis-Persian capital city
Astronomer-one who studies heavenly bodies
Caravan-group of traveling merchants
Marduk-Chaldean god
Ishtar Gate-entrance to Babylon
Ashurbanipal-Assyrian King
Smelting-developed by the Hittites
Nineveh- capital of Assyria, first library
Assyria- upper part of Tigris River Valley
Province-political district
Sabbath-day of rest
Covenant- agreement
Psalm-sacred song
Descendant-offspring
Judge-Hebrew leader
Prophet-people claiming message from God
Zhou-overthrew the Shang
Dynasty-ruling family
Oracle bones-used by Shang kings to ask advice from ancestors
Noble-person of high rank in a kingdom
Spirit-supernatural being
Harappan civilization-twice the size of Mesopotamia
Citadel-fortress
Lapis lazuli-blue stone
Planned community-city built to a plan
Kiln-oven
Ahriman-Persian god of evil taught by Zoroarster
Ahura Mazda- Persian god of good taught by Zoroarster
Persians-conquered Chaldeans
Chaldeans-descendants of the people of Hammurabi’s empire, called themselves Babylonians
Aramaic-language spoken by Persian officials
Saul-warrior king
David-wrote the psalms
Solomon-built temple in Jerusalem
Joshua-led Hebrews to the promise land
Moses- led Hebrews out of Egypt
Torah-first 5 books of Old Testament
Lydia-made first coins
Exodus-Hebrews escape from Egypt led by Moses
Immortals-leading soldiers in Persian Empire
Babylon-capital of Chaldeans
“Phoenician”- of purple merchants
Urns-ornamental vases
Holy of holies-most sacred chamber
Treaties-agreements between countries
Colonies-permanent settlement
Answer the following questions in complete sentences.
Where did the Sabbath begin? Babylonia
What material did the Harappans use to build their homes? Fired bricks
What two countries does the Indus River run through? Pakistan and India
What were people allowed to keep if captured by the Persians? Culture and could trade
How many symbols were used in the Canaanite alphabet? 22
Where is Carthage located? Tunisia
What was the Phoenicians most important gift? Alphabet
Who captured Nineveh? Chaldeans
What were the names of the two groups that made up the Canaanites? Phoenicians and Philistines
What was the occupation of the Philistines? Ship builders
What was usually in the center of a Chinese city? Temple and palace
Why were the people of the Eastern River Valleys isolated from other civilizations? Mountains, desert
and sea
What did the Chaldeans call themselves? Babylonians
What type of reputation did the Assyrians have? Cruel warriors
What were the possible explanations for the decline of the Harappans? Used up natural resources
Why were the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro unusual? Streets were laid out in a grid
When did the Hebrew Kingdom split into the kingdoms of Judah and Israel? After the death of Solomon
Where is the oldest form of Chinese writing found? Oracle bones
Who were the first people to grow cotton? Harrapans
In ancient times, what was the name of the piece of land that lay between Egypt and Mesopotamia
called? Canaan
What did Yahweh promise Abraham if the Hebrews worshipped Him as the one true God? The promise
land
What do historians believe weakened the Shang civilization? Gap between the rich and the poor
How did the kings use oracle bones? To ask advice from their ancestors
What two river valleys make up the Eastern River Valley civilizations? Indus and Huang Ho
What group of astronomers built one of the first sundials? Chaldean
Why were Hebrew religious ideas so unusual? Believed in one God
What guarded the approaches to Babylon? archers
How far did the Persian Empire stretch? Egypt to India
What were the religious beliefs of the Harappans? Polytheistic w/female gods
How was the Phoenician government organized? Independent city states
What material did the Shang use to create their works of art? Bronze
Mostly, Shang soldiers were? Poor peasants
Along which river did the oldest civilization in India thrive? Indus
When did the Shang civilization come to an end? 1122BC
When did the Harrapans settle the Indus River Valley? 2500 BC
Most early Hebrews were nomadic.