Where is
the Tongariro National
Trout Centre?
Directions
1.
Use an atlas to locate and label the places and
features given below.
2.
Make sure to fill in the key once you have completed
labelling your map.
North Island
Key
Water
Town
Highway
Mountain
Places / Features
• Lake Taupo
• Lake Kuratau
Forest
Building
• Lake Rotoaira
• Waikato River
• Tongariro River
• Taupo township
• Turangi township
• State Highway 1
• Mt Ruapehu
• Mt Ngauruhoe
• Mt Tongariro
• Tongariro National Trout
Centre (3 km south of
Turangi township on
State Highway 1)
• Kaimanawa Forest
N
1. Put the names of the places and features from your map under the
correct heading. Include the grid reference for each.
TOWNS
MOUNTAINS
WATER FEATURES
2. Answer the questions below.
a.
What are the elevations of Mt Ruapehu and Mt Ngauruhoe?
Mt Ruapehu: ............................ Mt Ngauruhoe: .............................
b.
What is the name of the island in Lake Taupo? ..................................
c.
Of the two towns you mapped, which is larger? .................................
d.
What is the name of the river that flows into Lake Taupo?
..................................................................................
e.
What is the name of the river that flows out of Lake Taupo?
....................................................................................
f.
What two features border the Tongariro National Trout Centre (hint:
one is a natural feature and one is a cultural feature)?
....................................................................................
g.
Which feature or place would you most like to visit? Explain why.
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
................................................................................................
What is a ‘resource’?
Some information
A resource is something that is useful to people. Resources
can be either renewable (like a forest which regrows), or non-renewable (such as a mineral like gold that is gone forever
once it is used by humans). Trout in the Taupo region are a
renewable resource because they are able to reproduce and the
trout population is always being replaced in the area’s waterways.
Directions
1.
Cut out the pictures and labels below.
2.
Correctly match them together and glue them in your exercise book.
3.
Put a by the resources that are renewable and a
resources that are non-renewable.
4.
Name at least two other renewable and
non-renewable resources.
 by the
So
il
Water
Diamonds
Fish
l
a
o
C
t
s
e
r
Fo
l
i
O
Farm animals
Rainbow trout lifecycle
Directions
1. Cut out the pieces of the ‘Rainbow Trout Life Cycle’ diagram below.
2. Glue them in the correct order.
3. Use the information in your life cycle diagram
to answer the questions on the next page.
Questions
a.
Name the six different stages of a trout’s life cycle.
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
b.
The word ‘spawn’ means to reproduce. Where do trout spawn?
....................................................................................
c.
When trout are in the alevin stage, where does their food come
from? ...................................................................................
d.
Why do you think trout cover their eggs with gravel after
fertilisation?
.................................................................................................
e.
Explain what you think is meant by the following statement:
‘The Taupo Fishery is not stocked’.
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
f.
Why is cool, clean, clear freshwater important to trout?
.................................................................................................
.................................................................................................
................................................................................................
................................................................................................
Answers
a.
Name the six different stages of a trout’s life cycle.
Egg, Alevin, Fry, Parr, Fingerling, Adult
b.
The word ‘spawn’ means to reproduce. Where do trout
spawn?
In the river they were born in.
c.
When trout are in the alevin stage, where does their food
come from? Their yolk sacs.
d.
Why do you think trout cover their eggs with gravel after
fertilisation?
For protection.
e.
Explain what you think is meant by the following statement:
‘The Taupo Fishery is not stocked’
Humans do not breed the fish and release them into the
environment. The trout reproduce naturally, they are a
self-sustaining population.
f.
Why is cool, clean, clear freshwater important to trout?
Cool water temperatures ensure that trout can breath
and reproduce properly. Clear water lets trout catch
their food easily. Clean water is vital so that trout are not
poisoned.
Directions
1. Read the trout anatomy information worksheet.
2. Answer the questions below.
3. Label the body parts on the trout diagram (see
how many you can get without using your notes!).
a.
What is a kype? ..............................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
What part on a trout is equivalent to a human’s lungs? ................................... . How do they work? .......................................
Trout anatomy
b.
How has a trout’s body adapted to protect it’s gills? . ................................................................................................................
Mouth
c.
How might a trout’s lateral line protect it from danger? .............................................................................................................
Questions
d.
Mouth
Gills and
operculum
Pectoral fin
Dorsal fin
Vent
Lateral line
Pelvic fin
Adipose fin
Anal fin
Caudal fin
Trout Anatomy Information
Trout are very beautiful but their beauty has a purpose. Their torpedo-like shape, muscles
and fins are all arranged so that the trout can slice through the water and easily hold their
position in a stream.
Refer to the trout body below as you read the next section. The features with an
sensory organs.
* are
7. Dorsal fin
9. Adipose fin
2*. Nare
4*. Lateral line
1. Kype
3. Operculum
6. Caudal fin
10. Pectoral
fins
5. Vent
8. Anal fin
11. Pelvic fins
A trout uses it mouth to eat; usually sucking up their food instead of biting it with their teeth.
Trout also use their mouth to feel things and sometimes males use their jaws for fighting
other males. They do this around spawning time when they have developed big kypes (1),
the hooked portion of the lower jaw. Trout investigate potential meals with their nares (2*),
much like our nostrils, or by looking with their eyes*. A trout’s pupil is slightly triangular,
rather than a perfect circle. This helps give it a larger field of vision.
All trout breath through their gills. They open their mouth wide to draw water in and through
to the gills. Gills work much as our lungs do; they have lots of surface area for exchanging
the carbon dioxide their body cells produce as waster for the oxygen that they need. Lake
dwelling trout also use gill rakers to feed on microscopic creatures called zooplankton.
Rather than gulping them up in their mouths, their gills pick the zooplankton up like a filter
when the water rushes through them. The gill rakers pick the food up off the gills so the
trout can swallow them. Gills are very delicate (never touch them if you are going to release
a fish), so they are covered by a hard plate called an operculum (3). Since trout have gills
instead of lungs, their lungs have been modified into a swim bladder (not shown), a long,
skinny, air-filled sac, which helps trout move up and down in the water.
The lateral line (4*) is a special sense organ that runs all the way from the operculum to
the tail. In addition to excretion through the gills, a trout uses its vent (5) to excrete extra
water or salts (if it lives in fresh water or salt water respectively) and other wastes. The vent
is also the outlet for eggs or milt during spawning.
Trout have seven different fins. Four are single fins, two are paired. The biggest fin is the
tail, or caudal fin (6). It provides the power for the fish to move and acts like a rudder for
steering. The caudal fin has many fin rays, the bony spikes that give fins their shape.
The three other unpaired fins are the dorsal fin (7), anal fin (8) and the adipose fin
(9). ‘Adipose’ just means that this is a fatty fin without rays. All unpaired fins are used for
swimming power and stabilisation. The two sets of paired fins are the pectoral fins (10)
and the pelvic (or ventral) fins (11). Both sets are used like brakes and the pelvic fins help
with up and down movement.
Answers
a.
What part on a trout is equivalent to a human’s lungs? The gills.
How do they work? Water is drawn in through the mouth and over the gills. The
oxygen in the water is exchanged for carbon-dioxide in the fish’s
cells.
b.
What is a kype? The hooked jaw seen on male trout
c.
How has a trout’s body adapted to protect it’s gills? A hard plate called an operculum has developed over the gills.
d.
How might a trout’s lateral line protect it from danger? It detects vibrations in the water allowing the trout to sense
approaching objects such as predatory fish.