Carbohydrates Forum:
ILSI Annual Meeting 2012
Phoenix, Arizona
Co-Chairs:
Stuart Craig, PhD
Julie M Jones, PhD
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Carbohydrates Forum 2012:
Objectives
• Educate branches on CCMAS activities on
fiber and global implications.
• Outline a potential response address recent
international issues related to carbohydrate
science.
• Discuss other critical/emerging
carbohydrate-related issues.
Carbohydrates Forum:
Added Sugars in North America
Kathryn Wiemer, MS RD
General Mills, Incorporated
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Added Sugars and the Food
Label
Current US Food Label lists “sugars” (final rule
established in 1993):
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Added Sugars and the Food
Label
2002 Institute of Medicine Macronutrient Report
• Identified a suggested maximum intake level of no
more than 25 percent of energy from added sugars.
• Recommended against using this value for nutrition
labeling because it could be misrepresented as a
desirable intake level.
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Added Sugars and the Food
Label
2007 FDA Advanced Notice of Proposed
Rulemaking (ANPR) request for comment:
One of several questions:
• Should “sugars'' continue to be included in the
Nutrition Facts label?
• Responses to the ANPR will be used by FDA to
develop a proposed regulation (in 2012?) that will
seek comments from stakeholders
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Added Sugars and Dietary
Guidance
2005 Dietary Guidelines: Added sugars
included in “discretionary calories” [SoFAS]
“Choose and prepare foods and beverages
with little added sugars or caloric
sweeteners…”
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American Heart Association
Recommendation
“A prudent upper limit of intake of added
sugars is half of the discretionary calorie
allowance....”
Women: ≤100 kcals per day
Men: ≤ 150 kcals per day
Based on links to:
- Increased weight (SSBs)
- Cardiometabolic risk factors
- Excess discretionary calorie intake
Johnson et al. 2009 Circulation.
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American Heart Association
2010 Added Sugars Workshop
Purpose: Translation of the recommendations
Issues with labeling
- No currently agreed-upon definition
- No way to analytically separate added from total
sugars: would need to be calculated
- Need to consider impact on food formulation and
therefore, the food supply
- Need to consider consumer response
- No causal link established of sugars to health
2010 Dietary Guidelines Advisory
Committee
PROCESS: Evidence-based review of carbohydrates and health
CONCLUSION:
• Limited evidence shows that intake of sugar-sweetened beverages
is linked to higher energy intake in adults.
• Moderate epidemiologic evidence suggests that greater
consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is associated with
increased body weight in adults.
• A moderate body of evidence suggests that under isocaloric
controlled conditions, added sugars, including sugar-sweetened
beverages, are no more likely to cause weight gain than any other
source of energy.
Key Dietary Guidelines Recommendation: Reduce the intake of
calories from solid fats and added sugars.
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Growing Anti-Sugars
Literature
Since the 2010 Dietary Guidelines, the body of literature
pointing to a role of sugars (added specifically), continues
to grow
This literature points to a relationship with:
-increased blood pressure
-increased risk of fatty liver
-increased energy intake and therefore weight
-poorer cognition
-cancer
…..Fructose in particular is implicated
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IOM Front-of-Pack
Recommendations
• IOM Phase 2 Front of Pack Labeling Report was
issued in October 2011
• Recommendations include using added sugars to
determine the food’s ‘rating’
– Added Sugars would not appear in the FOP
labeling Icon/Symbol
• FDA will review the Committee’s
recommendations to determine their next steps
regarding Front of Pack Labeling
Dec 2011 Proposed FDA
Consumer Research Study
Needed because added sugars have been linked to
obesity…..
• The study will explore how declaring the added sugars
content of foods might affect consumers' attention to and
understanding of the sugars and calorie contents and other
information on the Nutrition Facts label.
• FDA is contemplating requiring the amount of added
sugars to be declared under sugars with a double
indention format.
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ILSI North America Work
on Sugars
ILSI North America does not have consumer data
to respond to the 2011 request
Did provide data on typical intake levels to the
2010 DGAC
ILSI NA has initiated an evidence-based review to
examine all data on a key endpoint: LIVER
HEALTH
Results will be provided to the 2015
Dietary Guidelines Advisory
Committee
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Discussion
In what ways can sectors of the
tripartite engage?
What are the sugars issues in other
regions and how can ILSI be of
assistance?
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Thank you!
……Questions?
[email protected]
www.ilsina.org