Chapter 16 Lesson 16.1
Skin
adipocyte
apocrine sweat gland
Collagen
Dermis
Epithelium
integumentary system
albino
basal layer
cuticle
epidermis
hair follicle
keratin
Journal question: What are the structures in the skin and its
accessory organs?
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1
Chapter Goals



Name the layers of the skin and the
accessory structures associated with the skin.
Build medical words using the combining
forms that are related to the specialty of
dermatology.
Identify lesions, signs, and symptoms, and
pathologic conditions that relate to the skin.
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2
Chapter Goals (cont’d)

Describe laboratory tests and clinical
procedures that pertain to the skin and
recognize relevant abbreviations.

Apply your new knowledge to understanding
medical terms in their proper contexts, such
as medical reports and records.
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3
Introduction
Skin: integumentary system
 weighs 8 to10 lbs.
 covers 22 sq. ft. in average adult
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4
Functions of Skin
 Provides
 Skin
protective membrane
glands lubricate and cool the skin
 Receptor
 Helps
for sensations
maintain body temperature
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5
Functions of Skin (cont’d)
Produces sweat: sweat glands produce
watery secretion that evaporates and cools
Produces sebum: sebaceous glands produce
oily secretion that lubricates skin and hair
Receives sensation: pain, temperature,
pressure, and touch
Thermoregulates: interprets message from
heat center in the brain
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6
Structure of the Skin
Epidermis: outermost, thin cellular
membrane
Dermis: next layer; dense fibrous,
connective tissue
Subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis):
thick, fat-containing tissue
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7
Structure of the Skin (cont’d)
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8
Structure of the Skin (cont’d)
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9
Acessory Organs of the Skin
HAIR: cells filled with the hard protein;
keratin
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


Hair follicles: shafts that hold the hair
Five million hairs on body; 100,000 on head
Melanocytes at the root form the color
Grow .5 inch (1.3 cm) per month
Cutting does not affect growth
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10
Accessory Organs of the Skin
(cont’d)
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11
Accessory Organs of Skin
(cont’d)
NAILS: hard keratin
plates covering toes
and fingers
 lunula
 cuticle
 paronychium
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12
Accessory Organs of Skin
(cont’d)
GLANDS: sebaceous and sweat
 Sebaceous glands secrete oily sebum into
hair follicle to lubricate.
 Sweat glands secrete into pores to moisten
and cool.
 Both are subject to bacterial growth.
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
13
Accessory Organs of Skin
(cont’d)
Sebaceous gland, eccrine sweat gland, and
apocrine sweat gland.
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14
Combining Forms
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form
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
adip/o
albin/o
caus/o
cauter/o
cutane/o
derm/o/
Meaning
fat
white
burn, burning
heat, burn
skin
skin
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15
Combining Forms (cont’d)
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form






dermat/o
diaphor/o
erythem/o
erythemat/o
hidr/o
ichthy/o
Meaning
skin
profuse sweating
redness
redness
sweat
scaly, dry
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16
Combining Forms (cont’d)
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form






kerat/o
leuk/o
lip/o
melan/o
myc/o
onych/o
Meaning
hard, horny tissue
white
fat
black
fungus
nail
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17
Combining Forms (cont’d)
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form





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phyt/o
pil/o
py/o
rhythid/o
seb/o
squam/o
Meaning
plant
hair, hair follicle
pus
wrinkle
sebum
scalelike
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18
Combining Forms (cont’d)
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form
Meaning
steat/o
trich/o
ungu/o
xanth/o
xer/o
fat
hair
nail
yellow
dry





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19
QUICK QUIZ:
1. Which combining form refers to
white?
A. chlor/o
B. jaund/o
C. melan/o
D. albin/o
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20
QUICK QUIZ:
1. Which combining form refers to
white?
A. chlor/o
B. jaund/o
C. melan/o
D. albin/o
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21
QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d)
2. Which combining form refers to
the same color as jaund/o?
A. xanth/o
B. chlor/o
C. erythr/o
D. cyan/o
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22
QUICK QUIZ: (cont’d)
2. Which combining form refers to
the same color as jaund/o?
A. xanth/o
B. chlor/o
C. erythr/o
D. cyan/o
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23
Colors
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