APUSH UNIT 2 EXAM – THE COLONIZATION OF NORTH AMERICA 1. What was the first permanent English settlement in North America? a. Plymouth b. Jamestown c. New Amsterdam d. St. Augustine 2. Which of the following was NOT a primary reason for the British colonizing North America? a. To find gold, silver, and other natural resources b. To bring Catholicism to the Native Americans c. To establish a safe haven for British shipping in the North Atlantic d. To establish a location to send Britain’s unemployed 3. Why did Jamestown struggle so much in the early years? a. Location left the colonist open to mosquito and water born diseases b. Lack of consistent strong leadership c. Lack of preparation resulted in starvation d. All of the above 4. What crop was introduced into the Jamestown Colony to help make it more economically viable? a. Cotton b. Rice c. Indigo d. Tobacco Use the following passage to answer questions 5-­‐6 “But Virginian and Maryland attracted few aristocrats or gentry, except as occasional governors who soon returned home. Instead, hard-­‐driving merchants and planters of middling origins created the greatest fortunes and claimed the highest offices. As a rule, their education and manners lagged far behind their acquisition of land, servants, and political influence. That lag encouraged grumbling and disobedience by laboring people who refused deference to officials wanting in the gentility and high birth demanded by political tradition” excerpted from American Colonies: The Settling of North America by Alan Taylor, Penguin Books, 2001 5. Which of the following best describes Alan Taylor’s analysis of early American colonial settlement a. The development of a republican form of government b. The evolution of a hierarchical social structure c. The progression of economic development in the Middle Atlantic colonies d. The integration of a system of economics and politics in the English colonies 6. Which of the following regionally based economic systems started to develop in the late 17th century? a. A society based on yeoman farming b. An agricultural economy based on indentured servitude c. An economy based on cereal grain crops d. A plantation system based on involuntary bondage (slavery) 7. The Dutch settlers of New Netherlands were most similar to which other European colonizers? a. The English in Jamestown b. The Spanish in the Aztec Empire c. The French in Canada d. The Spanish in the American Southwest 8. Which of the following best describes the influence and origins of development of Dutch North American societies during the colonial period? a. The Dutch were looking to establish permanent colonies in which to build a global empire b. The Dutch established colonies mainly for economic trade and the production of food for the mother country c. The overpopulation of the Netherlands motivated the Dutch government to seek more territory d. The Dutch wanted to challenge the Spanish for naval supremacy Use the following passage to answer questions 9-­‐11 “…in enslaving our fellow creatures be a practice agreeable to Christianity , it is answered in a great measure in many treaties at home to which I refer you…we are all apt to shift off the blame form ourselves and lay it upon others, how justly in our case you may judge. The Negroes are enslaved by the Negroes themselves before they are purchased by the masters of the ships who bring them here. It is, to be sure, at our choice whether we buy them or not, so this then is our crime, folly, or whatever you will please to call it.” Peter Fontaine “A Defense of Slavery in Virginia” 9. Based upon the excerpt, what was the justification for slavery in British North America a. Slavery was based upon principles of Christianity b. Those to be sold into slavery were held as slaves in Africa first; therefore, slavery is a business transaction c. Slavery was part of the natural order of the human races d. According to English law, “inferior peoples” were destined to serve as slaves 10. Which of the following explains how slavery evolved in 17th Century British North America? a. Slaves were brought with the first settlers to Jamestown b. Slavery was developed after the deaths of thousands of enslaved Native Americans because of exposure to European diseases. c. The Anglican Church encouraged the transport of slaves to the colonies in North America as a source of cheap labor d. The influx of indentured servants had decreased, and cheap labor was needed for the developing plantation system 11. Which of the following individuals would reject the argument of Peter Fontaine? a. A former indentured servant in Virginia b. A plantation owner in the Carolinas c. A Quaker in Pennsylvania d. An Anglican in Massachusetts 12. The governing power in Massachusetts a. Slowly evolved from being based on the Mayflower Compact to being based on the colony’s constitution b. Placed all power in the governor c. Was limited to free male landholding members of the church d. Was more democratic than in other colonies 13. What was a major cause of Bacon’s Rebellion? a. Hatred for the domineering Governor William Berkeley b. Nathaniel Bacon’s friendship with local Indians c. Bacon’s commitment to democratic principles d. The impact of the English Civil War on the Virginians 14. Which of the following individuals would most likely advocated religious individualism? a. John Winthrop b. Roger Williams c. Nathaniel Bacon d. William Berkeley 15. Colonial New Englanders justified appropriating Indian lands on the grounds that a. The Indians did not use them as efficiently as the English could b. The Indians were killing off all the game which the whites needed c. The whites had title to the land from King of England d. The Indians had massacred so many whites that they lost the right to their lands 16. The Quakers a. Settled in Pennsylvania b. Practiced complete religious toleration c. Believed that everyone was equal, even women and Indians d. All of the above Used the following passage to answer the next two questions “We, whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of the Great Britaine, France, and Ireland king, defender of the faith etc. having undertaken, for the glory of God and advancement of the Christian faith, and honour of our king and country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the Northerne parts of Virginia, doe by these presents solemnly and mutually in the presence of God and one of another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politick, for our better ordering and preservation, and furtherance of the eds aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enacte, constitute, and frame such just and equall laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions, and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meete and convenient for the generall good of the Colonie unto which we promise all due submission and obedience.” Excerpted from the Mayflower Compact November 11, 1620 17. The main idea of this document influenced which of the following ideals of the British North American colonies? a. The ideas of separation of Church and State b. The concept that the colonies need to be governed by a constitution c. The concept of rule by majority d. The foundations for an equal society 18. The excerpt from the Mayflower Compact clearly reflects which of the following? a. The English were establishing North American colonies based on the Spanish encomienda system b. The English were attempting to establish permanent communities c. The English were prepared to challenge French claims in North America d. Instructions that the English settlers in North America were to establish communities identical to those in England 19. King Philip a. Was the King of France b. Was one of the leading praying Indians c. Led a war in New England that caused more devastation than in any subsequent conflict in that area d. Led an Indian rebellion in Virginia 20. Which religious group wanted to reform the Church of England while remaining a part of the Church of England? a. Pilgrims b. Puritans c. Quakers d. Separatists 21. To what can warfare with the Indians in the Southeast be attributed? a. Whites taking advantage of Indians in trading b. The capture and use of Indians as slaves c. The constant unfair trading practices by European settlers to the Native Americans d. All of the above 22. The New England Indians a. Resisted efforts by the white colonists to trade with them b. Had religious beliefs closely related to Christianity c. Were greatly divided among themselves over land and other issues d. Were naturally resistant to smallpox 23. The major cause of Bacon’s Rebellion was the competing perceptions of power in 17th Century Virginia. Which of the following best describes the differing perceptions? a. The difference in the amout of land available to settlers in the Tidewater region and in western Virginia; settlers in the Tidewater region had more land b. The competing desires for economic equality and power between the different regions of Virginia c. The difference in political power between the eastern plantation owners and the newer settlers in the west with the power advantage going to the eastern plantation owners d. The fact that settlers in the western portion of the colony were mainly former indentured servants who had no political rights. 24. Attempts to convert Native Americans were often coercive and let to violence, which in turn led to what uprising? a. King Philip’s War b. Battle of Acoma c. Stone Revolt d. Bacon’s Rebellion 25. The first known blacks to come to the English American colonies arrived in a. South Carolina in 1664 b. Massachusetts Bay in 1632 c. Georgia in 1609 d. Virginia in 1619 26. What system was created to encourage settlement in particularly in the southern colonies and provide a labor system for tobacco production? a. Headright System b. Immigration System c. Migratory System d. Toleration System 27. What town in the British North America would become the second largest port city in the British Empire? a. Boston b. New York c. Charles Town d. Philadelphia 28. What conflict resulted in the first conscription (draft) of men into the militia in what would later become the United States? a. Pequot War b. Stono Revolt c. Bacon’s Rebellion d. King Philip’s War 29. Colonists in South Carolina sought to increase the number of African slaves to work on the sugar plantations. How did they afford the cost of African Slaves? a. By selling Native Americans into slavery in the Indies b. By engaging in trade with the Spanish missions in Florida c. By conquering French lands and selling them to Spain d. By capturing Spanish slave ships and taking the slaves for use in the colony 30. What was a primary reason that the English colonies found more success in North American than either Spain or France? a. The English colonies were located primarily on a coastal area b. The English colonies were privately funded c. The English government allowed the colonies to self-­‐govern d. All of the above.