Name: _________________________________________________ Date: _______________ Period: ________ Biology Notes: Classification History Directions: Fill in the blanks as we cover the topic in the PowerPoint. Corresponds to textbook pages 518 – 521 & 533 ‐535 Classification History • Taxonomy: Branch of biology that ______________ all life _______________ to their _________________ and _________________ •
All _________________ on _________________ is placed into 1 of 6 _________________: –
B_________________ –
A_________________ –
P_________________ –
F_________________ –
P_________________ –
A_________________ Where did it all start? • Classification is _______________ a _______________ in _______________ –
Until 1866: only _________ kingdoms, _________________ and _________________ –
1866: All ______________‐celled organisms _________________ to kingdom _________________ –
1938: _________________ moved to kingdom _________________ –
1959: _________________ moved to _________________ kingdom –
1977: Kingdom Monera _____________ into kingdoms ________________ and ________________ The 6 kingdoms are classified into domains • Domains are _________________ the kingdom level –
Domain model more ____________ shows prokaryotic _____________ –
The _________________ domains in the tree of life are B_________________, A_______________, and E_________________. Carolus Linnaeus • Developed classification _________________ based on _________________ _________________ •
Many rules still used today –
Binomial Nomenclature: System of giving _________________ organism _______________ names –
1st word: _________________ (broad) –
2nd word: _________________ (specific) Additional Info
•
Example: House cat Additional Info –
Genus: _________________ (cougars, lions, tigers, cheetahs, etc…) –
Species: _________________ Binominal Format • When Writing: •
•
–
Genus _________________ –
species _________________ –
Underlined _________________ –
Ex: _________________ _________________ When Typing: –
Same, _________________ use _________________ –
Ex: Homo sapiens Why not use common names? –
Common names can be __________________. –
Common names vary from _____________ to ______________. Taxa • Defined: A _________________ of _________________ in a classification _________________. •
______ individual levels (taxa) used to _________________ organisms K _________________ (broadest) P _________________ C _________________ O _________________ F _________________ •
G _________________ S _________________ (specific) Allows _________________ to be _________________ seen Quick Question • Which two organisms are most related to one another? _________________________________________ •
Explanation: ____________________________________________________________________________ Killer Whale K = Animals P = Chordata C = Mammals O = Cetacea F = Delphinidae G = Orcinus S = orca Red Wolf K = Animals P = Chordata C = Mammals O = Carnivora F = Canidae G = Canis S = vulpes Polar Bear K = Animals P = Chordata C = Mammals O = Carnivora F = Ursidae G = Ursus S = arctos Using a Dichotomous Key • What is this item? __________________________ Additional Info
Review 1) Who created the classification system used today? ______________________________________________ a) What is it based on? ____________________________________________________________________ 2) Name the 6 kingdoms of life: _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Which kingdom(s) are prokaryotic? ___________________________________________________________ 4) Which kingdom(s) may be unicellular? ________________________________________________________ 5) Which kingdom(s) are bacteria? _____________________________________________________________ 6) Which two taxa make up an organism’s binomial name? __________________________________________ 7) What happened to kingdom Monera? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 8) Place the 7 levels of taxonomy in order from largest to smallest. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9) Name the 7 human taxa, from largest to smallest. ________________________________________________________________________________________