Sugar Levels in Food ‐ Functional Maths Tasks Name ________________ Date _________ Text A The cafés serving drinks with 25 teaspoons of sugar per cup Action on Sugar group’s research shows chains such as Starbucks and Costa selling flavoured hot chocolates and chai drinks with huge amounts of sugar. Millions of Britons are putting their health at risk by ordering hot chocolate and other trendy chai drinks that contain staggering amounts of sugar – up to 25 teaspoons – in just one serving. Action on Sugar found that 98% of the 131 hot flavoured drinks found in the big high street chains would carry a “red” warning for excessive levels of sugar if the coffee shops were forced to label them. The campaign group named Starbucks’s Hot Mulled Fruit (grape with chai, orange and cinnamon venti) as the worst offender. At 25 teaspoons of sugar, it contains more than three times the recommended maximum adult daily intake of 7 teaspoons. Costa’s largest chai latte was found to contain 20 teaspoons of sugar, while an extra large Signature hot chocolate from Starbucks contained 15 teaspoons, more than double the recommended adult maximum. More than one‐third of the drinks tested contained the same – or higher – levels of sugar as a can of Coca‐Cola. The high street chains have increasingly offered chai, chocolate and other hot drinks to attract non‐
coffee drinkers. They also offer high‐sugar syrups to add extra flavour. It is thought up to 20% of the population visit a coffee shop on a daily basis, but many will be unaware how much hidden sugar they are consuming in flavoured drinks. Action on Sugar has called on the coffee chains to stop serving extra‐large cups of sugar‐laden hot drinks. It singled out Starbucks for criticism because, it said, its serving sizes were much larger than those offered by its competitors. Starbucks told the Guardian it was committed to reducing added sugar in its indulgent drinks by 25% by the end of 2020, and that “all nutritional information is available in‐store and online”. Costa said it had already taken significant steps to reduce the sugar content of its ranges, and that in April it would be setting salt and sugar reduction targets for 2020. Source: The Guardian (Miles Brignall, 7/2/2016). http://www.theguardian.com/business/2016/feb/17/cafe‐chains‐selling‐drinks‐25‐teaspoons‐sugar‐starbucks‐costa‐coffee?INTCMP=sfl February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 1 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food ‐ Functional Maths Tasks Name ________________ Date _________ Text B 30 worst offenders from 131 tested drinks
Café
Drink
Sugar per serving (grams) Teaspoons of sugar per serving 1
Starbucks Hot Mulled Fruit ‐ Grape with Chai, Orange and Cinnamon Venti
99 25
2
Starbucks Hot Mulled Fruit ‐ Apple with Chai, Dried Apple and Cinnamon Venti
88 22
3
Costa Coffee Chai Latte Massimo ‐ Eat In
79.7 20
4
Starbucks Hot Mulled Fruit ‐ Grape with Chai, Orange and Cinnamon Grande
76 19
5
Starbucks White Chocolate Mocha with Whipped Cream Venti
73.8 18
6
Starbucks Hot Mulled Fruit ‐ Apple with Chai, Dried Apple and Cinnamon Grande 69 17
7
Starbucks Signature Hot Chocolate Venti
60 15
8
Starbucks White Chocolate Mocha with Whipped Cream Grande
59.1 15
9
KFC Mocha Large 58.8 15
10 Costa Coffee Mocha Latte Massimo ‐ Eat Out
57.5 14
11 Costa Coffee Mocha Latte Massimo ‐ Eat In
56.3 14
12 KFC Hot Chocolate with cream 54.3 14
13 Costa Coffee Hot Chocolate Massimo ‐ Eat Out
54 14
14 Costa Coffee Hot Chocolate Massimo ‐ Eat In
53.1 13
15 Costa Coffee Mocha Massimo ‐ Eat Out 52.6 13
16 Starbucks Chai Tea Latte Venti 52 13
17 Starbucks Hot Mulled Fruit ‐ Grape with Chai, Orange and Cinnamon Tall
52 13
18 Costa Coffee Mocha Massimo ‐ Eat In 51.7 13
19 Caffe Nero Caramelatte ‐ Drink In 50.6 13
20 Costa Coffee Chai Latte Medio ‐ Eat In 49.3 12
21 Starbucks Signature Hot Chocolate Grande
47.4 12
22 Starbucks Hot Mulled Fruit ‐ Apple with Chai, Dried Apple and Cinnamon Tall
47 12
23 Eat Matcha Latte Big 45.2 11
24 KFC Mocha 45.1 11
25 Greggs Mocha Large 45 11
26 Starbucks White Chocolate Mocha with Whipped Cream Tall
44.4 11
27 Starbucks Mocha with Whipped Cream Venti
43.2 11
28 McDonalds Mocha Large 43 11
29 Eat Chai Latte Big 42.8 11
30 Pret a Manger Orange Spiced Hot Chocolate
42.2 11
Source: Action on Sugar (17/02/2016) http://www.actiononsugar.org/News%20Centre/Surveys%20/2016/170862.pdf February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 2 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food ‐ Functional Maths Tasks Name ________________ Date _________ Text C Sugar tax could prevent obesity in almost 4 million people, charities say Cancer Research UK and the UK Health Forum say introduction of the tax could also reduce health and social care spending by £10m a year. A sugar tax on sweetened drinks would save 3.7 million people from becoming obese over the next 10 years, reducing their chances of illness and saving the NHS millions of pounds, according to a new study. The report, from Cancer Research UK and the UK Health Forum, says that by 2025 the tax could reduce health and social care spending by £10m a year. The report says obesity is set to climb from 29% in 2015 to 34% in 2025. But modelling suggests that the 5% increase could be avoided by a 20% tax on sugary drinks. There has been widespread support for a tax from public health bodies and campaigners including Jamie Oliver, who has introduced a levy on sugary drinks in his own restaurants, the proceeds of which go to health and educational causes. The majority of the public supports a tax, says Cancer Research, with 55% of 1,774 UK adults in a poll saying they backed it and 36% opposing it. Public Health England, the government’s advisory body, said in a report published last year that the tax would have an impact, alongside curbs on advertising and marketing including price promotions. Children aged 11 to 18 currently consume three times the recommended maximum level of sugar in their diet. Sweetened drinks account for 30% of their sugar intake. The report calls obesity “the biggest single preventable cause of cancer after smoking”. Obesity is linked to 10 types of cancer, including two of the most common – bowel and breast – and two of the hardest to treat – pancreatic and oesophageal. It goes on to say, “If current trends were to continue, obesity could cause almost 670,000 new cases of cancer over the next 20 years.” Gavin Partington, director general of the British Soft Drinks Association (BSDA), which has been strongly opposed to a sugar tax, said: “The most comprehensive study into tackling obesity, from the McKinsey Global Institute 2014 report and Public Health England, found that a tax would be much less effective than reducing portion sizes and reformulating products. “These are steps that our industry is already taking and as a result has reduced calories by 7.5% since 2012 with plans to reduce a further 20% by 2020.” Source: The Guardian (Sarah Boseley, 19/2/2016). www.theguardian.com/society/2016/feb/19/sugar‐tax‐could‐prevent‐obesity‐in‐almost‐4‐million‐people‐charities‐say February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 3 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food ‐ Entry 3 questions Name ________________ Date _________  Calculator allowed.  Show all your working out, even if you use a calculator.  You must look at the text to answer this question. Highlighter pens might be useful for Q5‐8. Text A 1. 98% of the 131 hot drinks would carry a “red” warning – what percentage would not be “red”? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. More than one‐third of the drinks tested contained the same – or higher – levels of sugar as a can of Coca‐Cola. Write one‐third using numbers instead of words. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. How many years (from now) until Costa intend to reach their salt and sugar reduction targets? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Ann consumes 3 times the recommended daily intake of sugar. How many teaspoons is this? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Text B 5. (a) Which café appears most often on the 30 Worst Offenders list? (b) How many times does it appear? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Ann goes to Costa Coffee with two friends. They order three drinks to eat‐in: a Hot Chocolate Massimo (Ann), a Mocha Latte Massimo (Babs) and a Chai Latte Massimo (Cate). (a) Whose drink has the most sugar and (b) how much more does she have compared to her friends? Give your answer in grams. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 4 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food ‐ Entry 3 questions Name ________________ Date _________  Calculator allowed.  Show all your working out, even if you use a calculator.  You must look at the text to answer this question. Highlighter pens might be useful for Q5‐8. Text B 7. How many different cafés appear on the 30 Worst Offenders list? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. A Mocha Large from Greggs contains more sugar than McDonalds Mocha Large. True or false? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. What is the difference in sugar content between a Costa Coffee Mocha Latte Massimo ‐ Eat Out and a Costa Coffee Mocha Latte Massimo ‐ Eat In? Give your answer in grams. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Text C 10. 55% adults in a poll back the sugar tax. Is 55% more than or less than one half? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 5 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food ‐ Level 1 questions Name ________________ Date _________  Calculator allowed.  Show all your working out, even if you use a calculator.  Look at the text. Text A 11. It is thought up to 20% of the population visit a coffee shop on a daily basis. What is 20% as a fraction (a) out of 100 and (b) as a simplified fraction? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Starbucks told the Guardian it was committed to reducing added sugar in its indulgent drinks by 25% by the end of 2020. Write 25% as (a) a decimal and (b) a simplified fraction. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Text B 13. What is the range of sugar per serving (in teaspoons) for the “30 Worst Offenders”? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. What is the range of sugar per serving (in grams) for the “30 Worst Offenders”? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Calculate the mean amount of sugar (in grams) for all the KFC drinks. Round your answer to one decimal place. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 6 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food ‐ Level 1 questions Name ________________ Date _________  Calculator allowed.  Show all your working out, even if you use a calculator.  Look at the text. Text B 16. Use the data for Starbucks’ Signature Hot Chocolate Venti (no 7 in the list) to calculate the weight of one teaspoon of sugar in grams. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 17. Ann works 5 days a week. Every morning on her way to work she buys a Mocha Large from KFC, except on Fridays when she buys a Hot Chocolate with Cream. How many grams of sugar does she consume each week from KFC drinks? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 18. Use your answers to Q16 & Q17 to calculate how many teaspoons of sugar Ann consumes from the KFC drinks in a week. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Text C 19. A sugar tax could reduce health and social care spending by £10m a year. Write out £10m in full using only digits and spaces or commas. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 20. Obesity could cause 670,000 new cases of cancer over the next 20 years. (a) Write 670,000 in words. (b) Calculate the mean number of new cancer cases per year. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 7 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food ‐ Level 2 questions Name ________________ Date _________  Calculator allowed.  Show all your working out, even if you use a calculator.  Look at the text. Text A 
21. (a) How many drinks, from the 131 tested, would carry a ‘red’ warning? (b) Show how you can check your answer. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 
22. Starbucks’ Hot Mulled Fruit drink contains 25 teaspoons of sugar. How many times the ‘recommended daily adult intake’ is this? (a) Give your answer to 2 decimal places and (b) then round it to a sensible answer. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 
23. According to the text, how many people might visit a coffee shop on a daily basis? Use a figure of 65 million for the UK population. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Text B 24. (a) What is the modal number of teaspoons of sugar of the 30 drinks? (b) Comment on this. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 25. If the chart was extended to show all 131 tested drinks, which number drink would give you the median amount of sugar in all tested drinks? (Follow the link on p3 to see the complete chart if you wish.) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 26. What is the range of sugar per serving (in grams) for all the Starbucks drinks? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 8 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food ‐ Level 2 questions Name ________________ Date _________  Calculator allowed.  Show all your working out, even if you use a calculator.  Look at the text. Text C 27. A sugar tax on drinks would save 3.7 million people from becoming obese over the next 10 years. Write 3.7 million out in full using only digits and spaces or commas. _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 28. The report says obesity is set to climb from 29% in 2015 to 34% in 2025. Write 29% and 34% as (a) decimals (b) fractions (simplify if possible). _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 29. In a poll: (a) exactly how many adults, out of 1774, backed the sugar tax? (b) How many opposed it? _____________________________________________________________________________________________ 30. Gavin Partington said that the BSDA has reduced calories in drinks by 7.5% since 2012. Write 7.5% as a (a) decimal (b) a fraction (simplify if possible). _____________________________________________________________________________________________
February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 9 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food E3‐L2 Functional Maths
Answers curriculum & mapping
FUNCTIONAL MATHEMATICS Coverage and Range statements (indicative only)
Coverage and range statements provide an indication of the type of mathematical content candidates are expected to apply in functional contexts. Relevant content can also be drawn from equivalent National Curriculum levels and the Adult Numeracy standards.  indicates the main coverage and range skills covered in this resource, although these may vary with the student group and how the resource is used by the teacher. Entry Level 3
a) add and subtract using three‐digit numbers  b) solve practical problems involving multiplication and division by 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10  c) round to the nearest 10 or 100 d) understand and use simple fractions  e) understand, estimate, measure and compare length, capacity, weight and temperature  f) understand decimals to two decimal places in practical contexts  g) recognise and describe number patterns h) complete simple calculations involving money and measures  i) recognise and name simple 2D and 3D shapes and their properties j) use metric units in everyday situations  k) extract, use and compare information from lists, tables, simple charts and simple graphs  Level 1
a)
Understand and use whole numbers and understand negative nos. in practical contexts  b) Add, subtract, multiply and divide whole numbers using a range of strategies  c) Understand and use equivalences between common fractions, decimals and percentages  d) Add and subtract decimals up to 2 decimal places  e) Solve simple problems involving ratio, where one number is a multiple of the other f) Use simple formulae expressed in words for one‐ or two‐step operations g)
Solve problems requiring calculation, with common measures, including money, time, length, weight, capacity and temperature  h) Convert units of measure in the same system i) Work out areas and perimeters in practical situations j) Construct geometric diagrams, models and shapes k) Extract and interpret information from tables, diagrams, charts and graphs  l) Collect and record discrete data and organise and represent information in different ways m) Find mean and range  n) Use data to assess the likelihood of an outcome Level 2
a)
understand and use positive and negative numbers of any size in practical contexts  b) carry out calculations with numbers of any size in practical contexts, to a given number of decimal places  c) understand, use and calculate ratio and proportion, including problems involving scale d) understand and use equivalences between fractions, decimals and percentages  e) understand and use simple formulae and equations involving one or two operations f) recognise and use 2D representations of 3D objects g) find area, perimeter and volume of common shapes h) use, convert and calculate using metric and, where appropriate, imperial measures i) collect and represent discrete and continuous data, using information and communication technology (ICT) where appropriate j) use and interpret statistical measures, tables and diagrams, for discrete and continuous data, using ICT where appropriate.  k) use statistical methods to investigate situations  l) use probability to assess the likelihood of an outcome References: Ofqual (2009), Functional Skills criteria for Mathematics: Entry 1, Entry 2, Entry 3, level 1 and level 2. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/functional‐skills‐criteria‐for‐mathematics This resource also covers many adult numeracy curriculum elements. http://www.excellencegateway.org.uk/content/etf1075 February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 10 of 11 Sugar Levels in Food E3‐L2 Functional Maths
Answers curriculum & mapping
Entry 3 1. 98% of the 131 hot drinks would carry a “red” warning – what percentage would not be “red”? 2% 100 – 98 = 2. 2. More than one‐third of the drinks tested contained the same – or higher – levels of sugar as a can of Coca‐Cola. Write one‐third using numbers instead of words. 1/3 or 1 3 3. How many years (from now) until Costa intend to reach their salt and sugar reduction targets? 2020‐2016 = 4 years. Note this answer will change as time passes and the question will be invalid after 2020. 4. Ann consumes 3 times the recommended daily intake of sugar. How many teaspoons is this? 3 x 7 = 21 teaspoons 5. Which café appears most often on the 30 Worst Offenders list? How many times does it appear? Starbucks (13 times) 6. Ann goes to Costa Coffee with two friends. They order 3 drinks to eat‐in: a Hot Chocolate Massimo (Ann), a Mocha Latte Massimo (Babs) and a Chai Latte Massimo (Cate). (a) Whose drink has the most spoonsful of sugar? (b) How much more does she have compared to her friends? Cate’s has the most sugar (20 spoonsful). This is 7 more spoonsful than Ann’s drink (20 ‐ 13 = 7) and 6 more spoonsful (20 ‐ 14 = 6) than Babs. 7. How many different cafés appear on the 30 Worst Offenders list? 8 – Starbucks, Costa Coffee, KFC, Caffe Nero, Eat, Greggs, McDonalds, Pret a Manger. 8. A Mocha Large from Greggs contains more sugar than McDonalds Mocha Large. True or false? True (look at the grams column) 9. What is the difference in sugar content between a Costa Coffee Mocha Latte Massimo ‐ Eat Out and a Costa Coffee Mocha Latte Massimo ‐ Eat In? Give your answer in grams. 57.5 – 56.3 = 1.2g 10. 55% adults in a poll back the sugar tax. Is 55% more than or less than one half? More – 50% is one half so 55% is more than one half (note also that it says ‘majority’ in the text). Level 1 11. It is thought up to 20% of the population visit a coffee shop on a daily basis. What is 20% as a fraction (a) out of 100 and (b) as a simplified fraction? (a) 20/100 (b) 1/5 12. Starbucks told the Guardian it was committed to reducing added sugar in its indulgent drinks by 25% by the end of 2020. Write 25% as (a) a decimal and (b) a fraction. (a) 0.25 (b) 25/100  1/4 13. What is the range of sugar per serving (in teaspoons) for the “30 Worst Offenders”? 25 ‐ 11 = 14 teaspoons 14. What is the range of sugar per serving (in grams) for the “30 Worst Offenders”? 99.0 ‐ 42.2 = 56.8 grams 15. Calculate the mean amount of sugar (in grams) in all the KFC drinks. (58.8 + 54.3 + 45.1) / 3 = 158.2 / 3 = 52.73333 (rounds to 52.7) 16. Use the data for Starbucks’ Signature Hot Chocolate Venti (no 7 in the list) to calculate the weight of one teaspoon of sugar in grams. 60 ÷ 15 = 4. So, 4 grams per teaspoonful. 17. Ann works 5 days a week. Every morning on her way to work she buys a Mocha Large from KFC, except on Fridays when she buys a Hot Chocolate with Cream. How many grams of sugar does she consume each week from KFC drinks? (4 x 58.8) + 54.3 = 235.2 + 54.3 = 289.5 g sugar a week 18. Use your answers to Q16 & Q17 to calculate how many teaspoons of sugar Ann consumes from the KFC drinks in a week. 289.5 ÷ 4 =72.375 rounds to 72 teaspoons sugar (Do not accept 74 teaspoons ‐ the amount obtained if using the teaspoon column of the chart 4 x 15 + 14 = 74). 19. A sugar tax could reduce health and social care spending by £10m a year. Write out £10m in full using only digits and spaces or commas. £10 000 000 or £10,000,000 20. Obesity could cause 670,000 new cases of cancer over the next 20 years. (a) Write 670,000 in words. (b) Calculate the mean number of new cancer cases per year. Six hundred and seventy thousand. 670,000 ÷ 20 = 33,500 Level 2 21. How many drinks, from the 131 tested, would carry a ‘red’ warning? Check your answer. 131 x 98/100 = 128.38 rounds down to 128. 131‐128 = 3. Check: 128/131 x 100 = 97.709 rounds up to 98%. 22. Starbucks’ Hot Mulled Fruit drink contains 25 teaspoons of sugar. How many times the ‘recommended daily adult intake’ is this? (a) Give your answer to 2 decimal places and (b) then round it to a sensible answer. (a) 25 ÷ 7 = 3.571 (b) Three and a half times the recommended daily intake. (Accept 4 times) 23. According to the text, how many people might visit a coffee shop on a daily basis? Use a figure of 65 million for the UK population. 65,000,000 / 5 = 13,000,000 (13 million) 24. (a) What is the modal number of teaspoons of sugar of the 30 drinks? 11 teaspoons (occurs the most often ‐ 8 times) 25. If the chart was extended to show all 131 tested drinks, which number drink would give you the median amount of sugar in all tested drinks? (Follow the link on p3 to see the complete chart if you wish.) Drink number 66 as it’s exactly half way between 1 and 131. (131+1) / 2 = 66 26. What is the range of sugar per serving (in grams) for all the Starbucks drinks? 99 – 43.2 = 55.8g 27. A sugar tax on drinks would save 3.7 million people from becoming obese over the next 10 years. Write 3.7 million out in full using only digits and spaces or commas. 3,700,000 or 3 700 000 28. The report says obesity is set to climb from 29% in 2015 to 34% in 2025. Write 29% and 34% as (a) decimals (b) fractions (simplify if possible). (a) 0.29 0.34 (b) 29/100 34/100  17/50 29. In a poll: (a) exactly how many adults, out of 1774, backed the sugar tax? (b) How many opposed it? (a) 1774 x 55/100 = 975.7 (rounds to 976). (b) 1774 x 36/100 = 638.64 (rounds to 639). 30. Gavin Partington said that the BSDA has reduced calories in drinks by 7.5% since 2012. Write 7.5% as a (a) decimal (b) a fraction (simplify if possible). (a) 0.075 (b) 75/1000  3/40.
February 2016. Contributed by Maggie Harnew. Search for Maggie on www.skillsworkshop.org E3‐L2 Functional Maths. Page 11 of 11