MEIJI GAKUIN UNIVERSITY ENGLISH ENTRANCE EXAMINATION
試験時間：７０分
各問題はほぼ同じ配点になっています。それを念頭に時間配分してください。
問１ 長文読解
次の文章を読み、設問(a)～(e)までにもっとも適切なものを１～４の中から１つ
選びなさい。
Liverpool Football Club (FC) was founded in 1892. This famous team from
northwest England has been champion of England 18 times and champion of Europe
five times. But if you visit the home ground of Liverpool FC today, you will find it is in
a slum. The glittering silver stadium is surrounded by narrow streets lined with tiny
houses. Many are empty; some have broken windows; others have replaced the
windows with sheets of wood or metal. The little gardens are mostly full of weeds and
litter. The area has such a bad reputation for violence, crime and vandalism that hardly
anybody wants to live there.
Dock workers* used to live here. During the 19th century, Liverpool was one of
the busiest ports in the world. Indian cotton, Caribbean sugar, Indonesian spices – they
all arrived at Liverpool, the trading headquarters of the British Empire. In the early 19th
century, 40% of the entire world’s international trade passed through Liverpool. Many
of the dock workers were immigrants from Ireland, a short sea journey west of
Liverpool. They took their religion seriously, even when watching football – the
Protestants among them mostly supported Liverpool FC, while the Catholics mostly
supported Everton FC, the city’s other great football team.
The 20th century was cruel to Liverpool. The break-up of the British Empire,
the development of other ports and the rise of air transportation brought
unemployment* and poverty. After the 1974 oil crisis, the city’s economy went into
steady decline. Yet in the depressed period from 1975 to 1990, Liverpool FC won the
championship of England ten times. As the city struggled, the triumphant football team
became a vital source of pride and hope for many fans. Tragically, their passion led to
two terrible disasters.
On 29 May 1985, Liverpool played the Italian giant, Juventus, in the final of
the European Championship at the Heysel Stadium in Brussels, Belgium. Many
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Liverpool fans without tickets climbed into the stadium. A fence separating them from
the other team’s supporters collapsed and 39 people, all of them Juventus fans, died in
the crush. Another 600 were injured.
Four years later, on 15 April 1989, Liverpool were to play Nottingham Forest
in the semi-final of a major tournament at Hillsborough, in the city of Sheffield. Again a
huge crowd of Liverpool fans surged into the stadium, crushing other fans against high
metal fences that had been installed to separate fans from the two teams and prevent
fighting. This time the victims were all Liverpool fans: 95 killed, over 700 injured.
The disasters at Heysel and Hillsborough left a permanent scar on Liverpool
Football Club. They also led to reforms of English professional football. Nowadays,
fewer people are allowed into the stadium and everybody has to sit in a numbered seat.
Thankfully, there have been no more major disasters. The Liverpool fans have calmed
down – but the team has not won the championship of England since 1990.
（注） Dock worker 港湾労働者
Unemployment 失業
設問
(a) Which of the following can we understand from the passage?
1. Economic success tends to bring sporting success.
2. The author is an enthusiastic supporter of Liverpool FC.
3. The city of Liverpool is gradually regaining its past glory.
4. There is a strong connection between professional sports and regional pride.
(b) What is the main theme of this passage?
1. Immigration has helped Liverpool’s economic and sporting development.
2. Liverpool FC is the strongest team in English football today.
3. Sport reflects local culture, economics and religion
4. Taking sports too seriously can lead to tragic results.
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(c) At each of the two stadium disasters in the 1980s, _______________.
1. Liverpool fans attacked the other team’s fans
2. over-excitement caused a terrible accident
3. the bad design of English stadiums was exposed
4. the victims were Liverpool fans
(d) The decline of Liverpool’s economy __________________ .
1. resulted from changing patterns of international trade
2. started around the end of the 1980s
3. was a direct result of excessive immigration from Ireland
4. was a factor causing the break-up of the British empire
(e) The aim of the author in this passage is to __________________ .
1. argue the need for greater safety at soccer stadiums
2. criticize the behavior of football fans
3. give a brief social history of a football club
4. show that football is unimportant compared with economic development
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問２ 対話文問題
次の対話文を読み、設問(a)～(e)までにもっとも適切なものを１～４の中から１
つ選びなさい。
Student:
Professor Wang, could you explain again why some people insist that the
United States is a monolingual nation? So many different languages are
spoken here!
Professor:
Sure. I was saying in the lecture that some nations like the United States
tend to consider themselves monolingual although they have a huge
number of speakers of various languages. And these nations are
suspicious of bilingual education.
Student:
So how do they go about educating immigrant students in the US?
Professor:
They prefer mainstreaming. That means putting all students together in
classes conducted in English, and providing extra English lessons for the
non-native speakers. They want to help students gradually become
English speakers, even if they forget their original language.
Student:
But doesn’t that violate United Nations policy on preserving minority
languages?
Professor:
Yes, it certainly does!
Student:
So I don’t understand why the US takes this approach.
Professor:
Maybe opposition to bilingual education comes from a fear of things that
seem to be un-American. Some Americans feel threatened by
bilingualism. They think bilingualism damages the unity of the nation.
Student:
But didn’t you say most countries around the world are multilingual?
Professor:
Right. Multilingual countries like the Philippines, India, Canada, South
Africa, and Switzerland have always allowed schools to educate
non-native speakers in classes taught in their original language. They also
provide instruction in the majority language, of course.
Student:
I see – so language education is really a political issue as well as an
educational issue.
Professor:
Yes indeed!
（注） monolingual 単一言語の multilingual 多言語の
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設問
(a) What is the main topic of this conversation?
1. Education of non-native speaker students.
2. How to learn a language.
3. The difference between multilingualism and bilingualism.
4. The history of education policy in the United States.
(b) Why is the student talking to the professor?
1. To ask about the future of language education.
2. To check what the professor said about language education.
3. To criticize the professor’s ideas.
4. To explain the importance of multilingualism.
(c) What does professor Wang say about schools in the United States?
1. They force non-native speakers to forget their original language.
2. They promote bilingual education.
3. They support the United Nations policy of preserving minority languages.
4. They usually mix all students together.
(d) What is the language policy of schools in the Philippines, India, Canada, South
Africa, and Switzerland?
1. Each teacher teaches classes in their own language.
2. They let non-native speakers learn in two or more languages.
3. They make non-native speakers learn in the majority language.
4. They use mainstreaming.
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(e) What is Professor Wang’s attitude to language education in the United States?
1. Negative.
2. Neutral.
3. Positive.
4. Unsure.
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問３ 大意要約
以下の文章を読み、日本語２００字以内で要約しなさい。
On February 5, 1869, John Deason and Richard Oates were searching for gold
in a dry riverbed near Bendigo, in southern Australia. Caught in the root of a tree, they
found a truly enormous gold nugget*. It was 61 centimeters long, 31 centimeters wide,
and it weighed 110 kilograms! Named “the Welcome Stranger,” it is still the biggest
nugget ever discovered. The two men became rich overnight. It would be worth more
than 2 million pounds today.
Deason and Oates had both moved to Australia from Cornwall, in the far
southwest of England. Cornwall had an ancient tradition of mining, especially for tin
and copper. But by the mid-19th century Cornish mining was in decline. Cornwall
became one of the poorest parts of England, and Cornish miners went all over the world
in search of a better life. They worked in mines in South Africa and South America, but
the biggest group went to Australia – on the other side of the world from Cornwall.
Cornish communities developed in many parts of Australia, wherever there was
metal to be mined. Thousands of poor Cornish miners dreamed of suddenly getting rich
by finding gold in Australia. Many failed, and died in poverty and despair. But for
Deason and Oates, the dream came true. The Welcome Stranger was a lucky find that
transformed the lives of two ordinary working men who were a long, long way from
home – a symbol of hope for migrant workers* to this very day.
（注） nugget 金塊
migrant worker 移民労働者
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問４ 英文エッセー
次のテーマで１００～１５０語程度のエッセーを英語で書きなさい。
These days, Japanese people do not have as many children as in the past. In your
opinion, why are people having fewer children? Is it a problem, and if so, what should
be done about it?
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