Innate Behavior = instinct or reflex Baby sea turtles migrate to the ocean immediately after hatching
Learned Behavior •
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Habituation = learning not to respond
Trial and Error = getting a reward, or avoiding punishment
Insight learning = understanding complex relationships Crow using a tool
Raccoon family
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Altricial – Weak (helpless) at time of hatching or birth •
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More common in unstable environments Less energy needed for reproduction
Less time needed before offspring are born Examples: Mourning doves, songbirds, cotton‐tail rabbits Precocial ‐ Strong and independent at time of hatching or birth •
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More common in stable environments Less energy needed once offspring are born
Offspring can fend for themselves
Examples: Jackrabbits, pronghorn, quail, pheasants, waterfowl
Robin
Duck
Cotton‐tail Rabbit
Jackrabbit
Imprinting – Offspring bond to their parents or birthplace immediately after birth
• Can imprint on other (wrong) species 2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W7QZnwKqopo
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Wood duck female
Wood duck male
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Pheromones: chemical signals within the same species
Allomones: chemical signals between two or more species
Scenting: leaving chemical cues in urine and feces 5
http://www.californiaherps.com/movies/soccidentalisencounter.mov
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2OHaO59Tak
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98DFgHAe‐Qw
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