SNC2D
• What we know….different colours
represent pH, acid + base =
neutralization, vinegar is an acid,
acids and bases are corrosive, citric
acid found in citrus (oranges, limes,
etc), some are dangerous, neutral
substances have pH of 7, litmus
paper, universal solution
 Think
about lemons, vinegar, battery acid or
hydrochloric acid. What properties do they
have in common?
Properties they have in common
are…dissolve in water, sour taste,
corrosive, pH number less than 7
 Think
about Windex, any drain cleaner, Pepto
Bismol, dish detergent
Properties they have in common
are…slippery, pH number more than 7,
corrosive (cleaners),
 The
strength of an acid or a base can be
expressed as a pH number.
 pH
stands for “power of hydrogen” or more
scientifically “potential of hydrogen”.
 pH
is a measure of the concentration of
hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution.


pH values range between 0 and 14.
The lower the pH number the greater the
concentration of hydrogen ions.

A solution with a pH less than 7 is acidic

A solution with a pH of 7 is neutral.

A solution with a pH value of higher than 7 is basic.
Page 196 of text
 An
acid-base indicator is any substance
that changes colour in the presence of an
acid or base
 Common
Indicators
• Litmus Paper
• Universal Indicator
• pH Meter
 ACIDS
 There
always produce hydrogen (H+) ions
are two types of acids:
binary acids and oxyacids

Binary acids contain only two elements,
hydrogen and one other element.
 Classical
Rules for naming binary acids:
• Use hydro- as the prefix.
• Then add the stem name of the second
element (non-metal stem)
• Add an –ic acid ending.
hydro + non-metal stem + ic acid

HCl –

H2S -
Hydrochloric Acid
Hydrosulfuric Acid
 Oxyacids
contain three elements, hydrogen
and two other elements that comprise a
polyatomic ion.
 Classical
Rules for naming simple oxyacids:
• The polyatomic ions ending, -ate, is dropped.
• The ending –ic acid is added to the stem
name.

H2SO4
Sulfuric Acid

H3PO4
Phosphoric Acid
• For all acids, the number of hydrogen atoms is
equal to the valence or charge on the element
or polyatomic it is bonding with.
 BASES
always contain hydroxide (OH-) ions
 The
name for bases starts with a metal and
ends with hydroxide.
Note: You already know how to do this 

NaOH – Sodium hydroxide

Fe(OH)3 - Iron (III) hydroxide

Potassium hydroxide - KOH

Copper (II) hydroxide - Cu(OH)2
 Learning
Checkpoint page 197 #1-5
 Worksheet
– Naming and Formulas for
Acids and Bases