The Olmec
● Lived along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico in what is now southern
Veracruz and Tabasco states in southern Mexico.
● Lasted from 1200-400 BCE.
● The Olmec writing system is sometimes called epi-Olmec or Isthmia.
● They developed the first major civilization in what is now Mexico.
● They developed a number system, a calendar, and a system of picture
writing.
● They divided themselves into different social classes.
● The Olmec are known for having carved huge heads from basalt, a type of
volcanic rock, these sculptures were up to 10 feet (3 meters) tall and weighed
up to 20 tons.
The Olmec
● The constructions and monuments of the Olmecs, as well as the
sophistication and power of their art, make it clear that their society was
complex and did not believe that everyone should be treated equally.
● They developed a wide trading network and between 1100 and 800 BCE
their cultural influence spread northwestward to the Valley of Mexico and
southeastward to parts of central America.
● Historians do not know for sure what happened to the Olmec but have
several different theories.
● Later Indians of Mexico and Central America kept some Olmec customs.
"Olmec." Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2016. Web. 12 Apr. 2016. <http://school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/480458>.
Pictures
http://school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/1608/media
http://www.ancient.eu/image/1409/
Brooke Quinn
Madison Phifer
Kaylee Windsor
Emmy West
Allyssa Campbell
Angel Morris
Maya
● The early Maya civilization was formed in what is now northern Guatemala,
which is south of modern Mexico.
● The forests in which they lived provided them with valuable resources,
including food and building material.
● This civilization began in 1000 BC and lasted until 900 AD.
● The Maya worshipped many gods including a creator, a sun god, a moon
goddess, and a maize god.
Maya
● The Mayan people made many advances in science. They built observatories,
and made two calendars by studying the stars in their observatories.
● The 12 year old Mayan king was an important king in the Maya civilization
who led many community events including religious dances and public
meetings.
● This strong civilization might have fallen because of a few reasons,
including, harsh Mayan kings, increased warfare, climate change, and
weakened soil with no crops.
Burstein, Stanley M., and Richard, Shek. World History Ancient Civilizations Through the Renaissance. Orlando: Houghton Mifflin
Harcourt Publishing Company, 2015. Print
https://goo.gl/1TJdSY
http://goo.
gl/FSseg1
http://goo.
gl/BydUYP
https://goo.
gl/1TJdSY
By: Bryndall Mitchell & Colby Heathcock
Aztec
● In the 15th and early 16th centuries, the American Indian people known as
the Aztec ruled a large empire in what is now Mexico.
● The Aztec ruled present day Mexico from 1200 A.D. to 1521 A.D.
● Under the ruler Itzcóatl (1428–40), Tenochtitlán formed alliances with the
neighbouring states of Texcoco and Tlacopan and became the dominant
power in central Mexico.
"Aztec." Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica,
Inc., 2016. Web. 12 Apr. 2016. <http://school.eb.
com/levels/high/article/11557>.
"Aztec." Britannica School. Encyclopædia
Britannica, Inc., 2016. Web. 12 Apr. 2016.
<http://school.eb.
com/levels/middle/article/273040#>.
Aztec
● The Aztec worshipped a host of gods who personified the forces of nature. Human
sacrifice played an important role in ceremonies and rituals.
● The Aztec emperor was the most important person in society.
● They had a remarkable system of agriculture, which included irrigation and
reclaiming swampland.
● The Aztec civilization ended when Spanish explorer, Hernan Cortes, captured
emperor, Montezuma II.
● Although the Spanish had better weapons, the smallpox disease that they brought
with them was what made the Aztec surrender to them. The disease killed
thousands of native people. Their once mighty empire came to a swift end.
Burstein, Stanley M., and Richard Shek. World History
Ancient Civilizations Through the Renaissance. Orlando:
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. 2015. Print.
"Aztec." Britannica School. Encyclopædia
Britannica, Inc., 2016. Web. 12 Apr. 2016. <http:
//school.eb.com/levels/high/article/11557>.
https://goo.gl/7YDwjV
Aztec
http://goo.gl/pdCgXw
http://goo.gl/u6vRPA
Inca
Ann Margaret Keener, Kody Fisher, and Anthony Indelicato
- The Inca civilization was large and stretched from modern Ecuador to
central Chile, and their capital was Cuzco, what is now Peru.
- The 15th and 16th century was the time that the Inca territory began to
expand.
- Their leader during the mid-1400s, was named Pachacuti and became the
Inca ruler in about 1438.
- Pachacuti established an official Inca religion.
- The civilization had a strong central government and they strictly controlled
the Inca people and most of the time they had to work for the government
and themselves.
Inca
- The Inca people thought that their rulers were related to the sun god and
never really died.
- The Incas were master builders and are known for masonry.
- The Inca artists made pottery and gold and silver jewelry and made the finest
textiles in the Americas.
- When the Inca ruler died, 180 Spanish soldiers had arrived and when
Atahualpa, the new ruler, had met them, the soldiers attacked and they
quickly killed many Inca soldiers. Francisco Pizarro became the emperor and
defeated the last of the Incas. Then Spain took control over the region for the
next 300 years.
Burstein, Stanley M, and Richard H.-C.
Shek. World History: Ancient Civilizations
Through the Renaissance. , 2015. Print
www.ancient.eu
Inca
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http://www.englishonline.
at/history/inca/incacivilization.htm
Anasazi
● The location of the Anasazi civilization was found on the plateau where the
U.S. states of Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah now meet.
● They were also known as Ancestral Pueblos.
● This civilization lasted from 700 - 1300.
● They believed in the Earth mother, the sun god and the rain god and those
were a few of the Anasazi gods, they also held secret religious ceremonies in
underground rooms called kivas.
Anasazi
● Large, apartment-like structures were also built along canyons or mesa walls.
Cliff dwellings had 20 to as many as 1,000 rooms and could rise to four
stories in height.
● Originally they built partly underground houses in caves or on the tops of
high, rocky plateaus called mesas.
● A drought lasted from 1276 to 1299 probably caused by a massive crop
failure; which ended this civilization.
"Ancestral Pueblo." Britannica School.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2016. Web. 13
Apr. 2016.
http://school.eb.com/levels/middle/searchbox
http://castle.eiu.edu/~wow/classes/fa09/Canyons/team4_lesson1.html
Creek Indians
By: Trey Rodgers, Brylee Canup, and Laura Lee Keener
● The Creek Indians occupied a huge expanse of what is now Alabama and
Georgia.
● The Creek Indians are traditionally from the southeastern woodlands and were
settled long before the Europeans came.
● The Creek Indians had a tribe of 2 divisions, known as the Muskogee or the
“Upper Creek.” The tribe lived in the northern Creek territory, while the
Hitchiti or “Lower Creek” settled in the south.
● The 2 tribes were similar, but spoke slightly different dialects of the Muskogean
language.
● The Creek Indians, mainly women, were farmers and grew: corn, beans, and
squash.
Creek Indians
● During the 1700s a Creek Confederacy was organized in an attempt to present
a united front against both Indian and white enemies.
● In 1813-14 the Creek Indians battled the U.S (The Creek War).
● In the 1830s after being defeated, the U.S. government forced the Creek
Indians to move to another Indian Territory (now Oklahoma). This is called the
Indian Removal Act.
● The tribal governments lost most of their power in 1906 but continued to exist
on a limited basis.
"Creek." Britannica School. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2016.
Web. 12 Apr. 2016
https://www.learner.org/interactives/historymap/indians6.html
Creek Indians
http://school.eb.com/levels/middle/article/320595
https://www.google.com/search?
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Arrowheads found in
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Cherokee Indian Alyson Jones, Colby Trousdale, DJ Smith
● The location of the Cherokee Indian is the Appalachian Mountains, of
what is now Virginia, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama,
Prior to European colonization in the mid-1500’s the Cherokee Indians
lived in the Appalachian Mountains.
● The Cherokee language, of the Iroquoian family, developed in 1821.
● The Cherokee traditionally organized themselves into a confederacy of
symbolically red (war) and white (peace) towns. Red towns conducted
war ceremonies and led war expeditions. White towns held religious
ceremonies, enacted laws, and provided sanctuary for wrongdoers.
● The tribe formed a government modeled on that of the United States.
Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina. Today the Cherokee
people live mostly in Oklahoma and North Carolina.
Cherokee Indian
● The Cherokee leader (1806-1871), Stand Watie, signed the treaty forcing
the Cherokee people to leave their Georgia homeland.
● John Ross tried to resist efforts to move the tribe out of Georgia but was
unsuccessful and had to lead his people to Oklahoma on a journey
known as the Trail of Tears.
● The discovery of gold in Georgia in the 1820s was one reason for the
passage of the Indian Removal Act, which required the Cherokee and
other southeastern tribes to move west of the Mississippi River. U.S.
troops forced the Cherokee from their homes and sent them to what is
now Oklahoma.
Cherokee." Britannica School.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2016.
Web. 12 Apr. 2016.
Picture 1 www.mybigcampus.com
Picture 2 www.wwu.edu
Cherokee Indian
www.
forumbiodiversity.
com
www.georgiatouristguide.
com
www.cherokeemuseum.
org
Iroquois
●
●
●
●
●
By Keaton Francis and
Bryson Sharp
They lived in the lower Great Lakes region of North America in the late
1500s to the late 1700s.
They lived in what is now modern day New York state.
In the late 1500s the Native American peoples with similar languages and
cultures formed an alliance called the Iroquois.
There were six tribes called Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca,
and Tuscarora.
The Iroquois confederacy was founded between 1570 and 1600 through
efforts of the leaders Dekanawidah and Hiawatha.
Iroquois
●
●
●
●
●
The Iroquois called themselves Haudenosaunee meaning “people of the
longhouse.”
The Iroquois hunted, fished, and gathered wild foods as well as raising
crops.
Self respect to men depended on achieving personal glory in war.
Each on of the six tribes had a common council of one chief per village
deciding and voting on ideas.
The American Revolution split the Iroquois some of the tribes sided with the
Americans while other left to move to Canada.
"Iroquois." Britannica School. Encyclopædia
Britannica, Inc., 2016. Web. 12 Apr. 2016.
http://www.thinglink.
com/scene/623183261878714369
Iroquois flag
www.sanders-studios.com