325
1893.]
[Brinton.
charged outdoors or into the chimney may be determined by household
construction.
That it should not be allowed to carry its effluvia into the
kitchen is certain. Owing to the position in which cooking ranges are
would, as a general rule, be most convenient for the air
chimney. But its finding exit there has
no especial advantage, physically speaking, over the other mode of exit,
for the movement of air at any season of the year, dependent upon the
difl\;rences of density between the air outdoors and that in the oven,
would always afford superabundant volume, to be regulated by the
damper, without adding to its updraught the great radiation up the
usually placed,
to find its
way
it
into a flue to the
chimney.
I have heretofore confined myself, as in duty bound, to the elucidation
of the theme represented by the title of my paper. But it should not be inferred from my omitting discussion of anything beyond it, that I limit the
good effect of the presence of ample oxygen in cooking to the preparation
of meat for the table. On the contrary, I believe, as the result of observation,
not experiment, that some vegetables, and therefore, I conclude,
are so affected, and cook better in free air than elsewhere.
all,
In a qualified
is experiment, where work is done to the hand
has not opportunity to do it for himself, but seizes it in observ-
sense observation, however,
of
one
who
ing effects casually offered
b_y
that of others,
and then combines the
facts
in conclusions.
A
Vocabulary of the Nanticoke Dialect.
By
{Read before
Among
the
Daniel G. Brinton., M. D.
American Philosophical
Nov.
5, 1893.)
American
hundred
which contains the only known vocabulary of any
the valuable
Philosophical Society
years old,
MSS.
Society.,
is
one,
in the library of the
now
a little over one
length of the Nanticoke dialect or language, once spoken in
Maryland, on what is called the '' Eastern shore," the region between Chesapeake bay and the Atlantic. Several requests have
reached me from time to time to prepare this vocabulary for
publication, and it seems to be a duty which the Society owes
the republic of letters to make it available for purposes of study
and comparison.
The vocabulary was collected at the request of a former President of this Society and of our country, Mr. Thomas Jefferson,
by Mr. William Vans Murray, from an old woman called Mrs.
dJo
Brinton.l
[Nov.
3,
Mulberry, said to be the widow of the last chief of the Nanticokes.
She at that time resided at Locust Neck town, Goose
creek, Choctank river, Dorchester county, Maryland.
The circumstances connected with obtaining the vocabulary are recounted in a letter from Mr. Murray to Mr. Jefferson, which is
as follows
IjEtter from Mr.
Dear
Sir
—The enclosed
Murray
little
to Mr. Jefeerson.
attempt to
make a vocabulary
of the lan-
guage of the Nanticokes, may remind you of a circumstance, and promise
of mine, which probably have escaped your memory. You gave me the
printed list of words last spring. On the reverse of the printed side which
is filled up, is added a number of words which occurred to me.
The tribe
has dwindled almost into extinction. It is still, however, possessed of five
thousand acres of land which were reserved to them by the Assembly of
Maryland in the first settlement of the Province. The little town where
they live consists but of four genuine old wigwams, thatched over with
the bark of the Cedar very old and two framed houses in one of which
lives the queen, Mrs. Mulberrj', relict of the Colonel who was the last
Chief They are not more than nine in number The others of the tribe,
which in this century was at least Five hundred in number, having died
or removed towards the Frontiers, generally to the Six nations perhaps
by a comparison of the languages of them and of those a correspondence
may be discovered. They went to the Senecas often you will find they
have no word for the personals he and she. They were much at a loss for
all terms to express abstract ideas.
It is a little surprising they had a word
for Truth.
They speak their language exclusively among themselves. A
few years must totally extinguish the remains of this Tribe and it will be
owing to you, Sir, if a trace is left of their language.
I have preferred the very list which I filled in a Wigwam to any neater
copy and therefore have chosen that to transmit to you.
I have the honour to be
Dear Sir with great
respect and attachment
yr. mo. obt.,
—
—
—
:
—
—
—
w.
Cambridoe Dorset,
E. S.
v. murhay.
Maryland,
18 September, 1793.
The Homble Mn. Jefferson.
Mr. Albert Gallatin has made use of this vocabulary
Si/nop8i8 of the Indian 'Tribes of the
in his
United Statea, and from
time to time others have borrowed from
been made to publish it in full.
it
;
but no effort has
327
1893.]
The Nanticokes
are
[Brinlou.
mentioned by Captain John Smith,
first
who encountered them in 1608. Their subsequent history does
not offer much of interest. I have traced it in sufficient detail
my publication, The l.endpe and their Legends, pp. 22-25
(Philadelphia, 1885).
note to the vocabulary states that their last " King," " the
in
A
famous Wyniaco," died about seventy-five or eighty years before
(about 1712-15), and that "his body was preserved and very
formally kept in a Awacason-house (Chio-ca-son house), seventy
3'ears dead," which means, I presume, for seventy years after
his death.
The preservation of the bones of their dead was a
characteristic trait in the religion of the Nanticokes.
In publishing the vocabulary,
have thought it of interest to
dialects of the Algonkin
stock, to illustrate how thoroughly the Nanticoke belonged to
it.
With a few exceptions, every word collected by Mr. Murray
is seen to be a slightly varied form of some expression in Lenapd
or other adjacent dialect. The exceptions would probably fall
into the same category were the analysis prosecuted further.
I have also thought it desirable to arrange the words in alphabetical order, for convenience of reference.
The exclamation point, !, so frequently introduced 1)3'^ Mr.
Murray, he explains to signify a peculiar, forcible, explosive
enunciation of the 83'llable.
I
add comparative words from other
At the close of the vocabularj^, the writer adds the following
proper names
We ning go mi iisk, the personal name of Mrs. Mulberry,
" Mulberry woman " (see below. Mulberry tree).
Ama namp qiiun, the name of the Indian town of Locust neck.
Matt appenen, the name of the Nanticoke Indian town.
:
Vocabulary of the Nanticoke Dialect.
Abbreviations
New England
— Len., Lenape
;
N.
J.,
New Jersey
Chipeway
welder's Nanticoke Vocab.; Sh., Shawnee.
Air,
Indians
;
Chip.,
ayewash; comp. wind, ewesh;
nickpitq
Len. w'nachk.
Arrowis, allontz; Len. alluns.
Arrowhead,
" Spear ").
;
ik-ke-hek
Pot.,
Delawares N. Eng.,
Potomacs H., Hecke;
;
Ash, paw-kawque ; Sh. mea-lawkuo.
Autumn, wee-sawpanu
Len. geschen.
Arm,
;
(see
(=
wees-
wapanu, little or short light)
Axe, tummehek ; Pot. tomahack
N.
J.
tomaJdckan.
328
Brinton.]
Back, daduck quack
;
N.
huckun.
J.
Back-creek, pomamato.
Bear, winquipim.
Beard, nee-weeghtoniwaah
my
beard
;
Len.
;
N.
ni-
J.
tuuna.
Beaver, nataque ; N. J. nakuee, or
tomoque.
pahl-seanemintz ;
Len.
Beech,
schauweminshi, red beech-tree.
Bees, aamook ; Len. amoe.
Belly, nut-ah Len. nachtey (my).
Belt, uckq-shit lawk ; Len. ochquasu
!
To bend, ne wawk-kaw
Bread, app.'ow ; Len. n'dapponhe,
I make bread
N. J. apoon.
To break, ne poick-shiltown ; Len.
poquihillen,
it is
broken
N. Eng.
;
pokeshattouwin.
Broad,
manckapah-aai u
amangi, large.
my
Len. nVmat,
neee-mat;
Brother,
Len.
;
brother.
Bubby, noo-nnque,
the
i.e.,
mamma
Len. nunaga7i{my.)
Buck, i-e-ape ; Len. ajapen.
Butterfly, aumauneo hunt ; N.
amookas.
;
J.
Cedar, weenKqiiaaquah.
Ciiannel, an-da-timp.
Chesnut-tree, eh! qua-mintz.
wampum).
(belt of
3,
;
Back-woods, ah payw-wagh.
Bad, mattitt ; Len. medhik.
Banks, lemoack-coium.
Basket, munnole ; N. Eng. munnote.
nitoney,
[Nov.
quia nimon
;
Chin, unttampquet ; Chip, o'dami-
kan
Chip, nin wakinan.
(his).
Berry, mee-eents ; Len. mintschi.
Child, awauntet ; Len. tc'unit(h\s).
Bed, dapp-in.
Cloud,
IL;
Bird, piss-seeques ; Chip, bineasi.
Bitter, wee-suck un.
BUck, oaakag-u ; uachkfju
H
;
kumhaak.
mia, berry
;
;
Cold,
Len.
N. J. taa.
Cowardly,
puekcuchque ; N.
J.
«J0-
Body,
;
N. Eng.
aipt'A-
pesfuiiii.
nowawouA;
N.
J.
«a<«-
scJidha-
muis.
Bone, whi»-»can
pamptuckqunakque
" River ").
Crow, kuh!-ho8 ; Len. ahaa.
Creek,
Cry,
/laape.
;
Len. wochgan
;
N. J. oAittoan.
Bone-house, man-to-kump (house to
put the bones of the dead into).
I'robably " sacred place," from
Len. manito, god, sacred.
A bow, kuUahloxo.
Boy, toahocki-a-vaauntU ;
N. J.
penaetit.
matt whee-iate-io
cowardly).
Brave,
Len.
(see
Crane, alifaecque.
hoock.
Blue, puh-squai-loau ; Cree
ku)aw
fheu
Len.
wee aaw.so ak
"Brave").
Crab, tah/quah;
aucken, black.
Blackbird, husquinock.
Blood,
taghlquiow ;
Len.
sucken.
Blackberry, munck-quituck
matchkatquot ; iehemackqk
machtaqaoll ; N. J.
Len.
(=
not
to,
num-moam
;
(see
Leu. ganachal-
amuim.
Dance, to, zdoeumb.
Day, a, nucotucquon
; kiaucku
H.
Len. gitchgu.
wnwpaney
Day-break,
;
keeaequo,
Len. giach-apan.
Darkness, tamp oo-aomow (radical,
pda ; --:= Len. pia-gcu, it is dark).
II.;
Daughter,
(his)
;
7iun
N.
J.
town
;
dnan-ua.
Len. 'w'tan
329
1893.]
Dead,
place
zumpq
for
mutz-uck-
the,
where the dead
(the place
[Brlnton.
Father, nowoze (my)
N.
;
Len. n'och;
nukuaa.
J.
are deposited).
Fear, quischa-aseh, H.
ungue-lack; H. eweesJiawaak angel; Len. ehangelukgik,
they are dead N. J. nongiil.
Finger, na-misJiahlqu-nlgamz.
Len.
;
wj's-
Death,
;
Deep, timmoh
Deer,
attque,
Len.
<«ni/
Fire,
youcat (four legs)
Len. achtu; N.
;
aatu.
J.
Devil, matt- ann tote ;
Len. much-
wammass; Len.
Fish,
Fly,
a,
;
N.
J.
;
N.
Distance, wah.'sow
et.
J.
sussuuskui.
Doe, noose-at-q ; Len. nun»c1i-ttto.
Dog, allum, H. Len. allum.
;
ahUaawhunniminti
Len, hattawano minsehi.
Dove, weetah-tomps ; Sh. po-weatha.
Drink, to, minnih ; Len. mtne.
Dry, kow-kittow-a.
Eagle, ahlwhap-pawn
top.
Len.
nuchtow-huck (my)
w'ittuwak (his); N. J. nituuk.
Earth, ahkee ; Len. hacki ; N. J.
Ear,
N.
;
J.
«a-A;tme.
auwan, H.; Len.
awaw.
Food, wi^WsaA (comp. "Eat, to").
Foolish,
euip-aheein quo ;
Len.
gubtocha ; N. J. kipitsheoote.
Foot, m«< (my) Len. uchsit.
Fox, waaks ; Len. woacus.
Frog, clacqu-iss ; Cree ayekis.
Frost, toghlpoh! Len. topan ; N. J.
N.
awjan. ;
;
J.
;
tuupan
Duck, quah/quamps (imitative?);
N. J. quing-quinq.
namees.
pootzak ; Len. utsche
Fog, howewen
tando.
Dew, quesuppost
Dogwood,
tindey
Chip. dimi.
;
;
N. Eng. taquattin.
pukquah ; Len. oehquetscJi.
God, mann!-itt; Len. manitto.
wattieu ; Len.
wee-ee ;
Good,
Girl,
;
haakke.
Eat,
meetsee;
to,
eats
;
N.
Len. mizu,
he
J. miitshe.
Eel, pallHn.
grtA;
a hole.
Green, ahfskaah-tuck-qui-a ;
Lea.
asA;€n.
Egg, waaichq (with a whiff)
wahhwall,
Len. ma«N. J. muskiikul.
Grave, wawskowko ; Len. pokawen,
mass-que-quise ;
Grass,
;
Len.
Gum,
pook-saeq-in-ment.
Guts, walah-kiss-mk.
pi.
Evening, weaku ; Len. wulaku.
Eye, nucks-skencequah (my) Len.
w'uschginquall, his eyes
N. J.
;
;
ahlsinlipwo
Hail,
N.
(atsm,
stone)
J. sidoniila.
neeeesquat ;
Hair,
Cree
w'esta-
kaya.
Face, assung-gui ; Len. to'uschgink,
his face (comp. " Eye ")
N. J.
;
7itt< unte y N. J. nacking.
Hard, mais-kaiti ; Chip, mushka-
Hand,
wissin,
Fall, to,
ah-kinnitsUh
Falsehood,
e-kitt-co.
;
Len. wca-
•
Far, wachschuit ; Chip. Mas«a.
Fat,
piw ; Len. pomt.
it is
hard.
timihawque.
to, n« man-nin-now.
Hawk, mahlsquallen.
Hare,
Hate,
a,
Head, neelahammon ; Len.
head N. J. «/tcci.
PEOC. AMEK. PHIL08. SOC. XXXI. 142. 2
w't'J,
;
p.
PRINTED DEC.
23, 1893.
his
330
Briutoii.]
Hear,
to,
no-oan-tum ; N.
J. ni-in-
[Nov.
Long, quahUnahU! qut ; Len.
3,
g^«n<i.
dam.
Heart, weafscheu, H.
(his)
Len.
;
Love,
H.
to'dee.
Heat, nip(ow)kis8, from Alg. nibin,
summer.
nlwummoi ; quammosch,
N. Eng. cowammaunsch, I
to,
;
love you.
Low,
Hickory-tree, pseecim.
Len.
tah!quah!qua1i!-au ;
tachpachau.
High, wha-saneep-ai-u ; schpummend, H. ;Chip. ischpamagad, it is
high.
Maize, cawl-na-woop.
wohacki ; naap,
H
Man,
;
Len.
;
Len.
Len. welemuck-
Hill, lemuckquickse ;
Maple
queck.
Hot, app ettanw ! Cree abweyatc.
House, youck-huek ; iahach, H.;
Len. wik; Pot. ye Jiawkins.
Husband, nupssohlaoh! (my).
waw-seeke-me
tree,
schiechikiminshi.
Marsh, nahlsquuh! Len. masgekuwiwi.
Mocking- bird, ahmittonqha.
a, yawskg.
Meat, pumantah (hog's meat).
Milk, noo-oo-nack.
Mat,
L nee; Len.
Ice,
ni.
hahllnggu-qnutz
quami ; N.
Joy,
J.
;
Len. m'hoc-
hukkooen.
Mole, alvmob-schkim-nitz.
Month, a, nvquolnc quaquoa.
Moon, atupquonihanqrie ; Len.
nemoo ye-ow-waa.
Jump,
to,
m-«
poicksh,
I
jump
Len. nipoaktsch.
Kill, to,
nepoickt-tow ;
Alg.
root,
ipo-
cvniwi gischuch (night sun).
Morning, weschpa H.; from Len.
guchgu, day.
Mother, nicque
;
Chip.
Tatnf/e ;
N. J.
ntprt.
King, talllak; N. J. qualis, masfrom Len. allokakasin, to
ter,
have power over another, from
allowat, strong.
Large, mang-ai-u
Laugh,
to,
MCI
;
Len. amangi.
mitt-a-ha; Len.
H.;
(imof, to
mount
Lean, mootowwak;
Leg, much-cat ; Len. w'ickaat (his).
Lie down, to, eow gi-nee.
Chip, asowa.
n« quee guaaawk
;
up.
liuntowey ;
mettoon,
H.
Len. to'loon (his),
lilud, pisa-sucqua ; Len. aaaiseu.
m7«c • t/i guaque ;
Mulberry-lree,
-
wehemoaluk, he laughs.
Life,
tenaichk,
Mouth,
at'/t-e
pemetpomattinike ;
from Alg. root
Mountain,
Pot.
A;«-
Len. mtrti quaqui.
Muskral, tceak-keh ! Chip, wachaalik.
aump ;'Lcn.
Nails (finger), mtckcan
n'ichgaach.
Light, tooMBaquitayto ; Len. wae?u-
Narrow,
taipaia-u.
Near, pechtacMachu, H.
jeu.
;
Len.
pcc/t-
Lightning, ton-que-ah.
Neck, niaaikip-puchqh !
Lip, nuatifucque.
Lizzard,
ohfkau$h-ki$»;
Lon.
New, whuia-kniu
Locust- tree, ^'{a•0n«-na/i9.
N. Eng.
flf**
(young).
;
N.
J. uiinkau
331
1893.]
Night, toopquow ; tuppueku
tpoku; N. J. Upaake.
No, matlah
Nose,
!
;
Len.
Religion, Lapp!-poi o-wees ; probably "a coming together," from
Len.
River,
Len. matta.
(my)
nick-kee-u
w'ickiwon (his)
N.
;
;
[Brinton.
J. uikiiko.
Len. lappi-lenin.
pamptuckquah' ; peemtuck,
H. Len. kikhit-tuck ; Ch\^. plm,
;
to flow.
Oak, wee-seek-e-mintz ; Len. wisachgak.
Rock, koshcup ; Chip, kischcab, a
perpendicular rock.
kutt-anai-u ;
iisu, he is old.
Old,
Cree
Opossum, nahlsimini.
Owl, quoo-waant ; Chip.
ketteya-
Run,
N.
.See,
N.
loh.'-ki;
J. kihittuun.
naa-m-m ;
to,
Len. newien
ni-naaman.
Shark, wiit-ameek;
Partridge, kittycawndipqua.
Peas, ^«e wahlsh quist.
Peace, e-wee-ne-tu ; Chip, inatcendiwin ; N. Eng. aquene.
J.
Len.
ameek.
fish.
Shallow, tacqetimpa oh.
Shame, katt-akkalta.
Pheasant, uhfqtcaa capitz.
Perch, koshkike neauc.
wacq
(see
"Mints").
Shoes, meckhiaina ; Pot. mockaaina ;
C. maakiaina.
Shore, aaumpa-a-mu.
Pigeon, not simimsuk.
Pine tree, quaat ; Len. euwe.
Point of land, allamaaioampk.
Pole-cat,
waiah.
Len. slkey.
Len. lekau.
Sea, mank-nippint ; kittahend, H.,
Sand,
Oysters, kaw-sheh!
laio
mho
Salt, tzee-e ooae ;
A;oAo.
Oyster-shells, tsee-ko-mack.
Persimmon-tree,
un-to
to,
tzuckquaakq;
N.
Sick, huntoi-miaa ; Chip. m?i nantpinio, I
am
sick.
Side, pomeetempquat.
J.
Pond, nippias {nip, water).
Poplar tree, wee-saa-quaek.
to, nuck-und-oh ; Len. nachgohomdn.
Sister, older, nimpz ; Chip, nimiaae.
Sister, younger, neighatim
Chip.
Sing,
;
Pretty, wee-e-eat.
qui-ah quup.
Sit, to,
Skin, nowaa-aium.
Queen, tallalkesk (see "King").
Raccoon, anasup ; Len. espanni ;
N. J. nahanuun.
Rain, winieow ; sokelan, H. Len.
;
8okelanget8ch,
when
it
rains
N. J. suuklan.
Rainbow, quenuck-quenuck ; N.
;
Sleep,
to,
n-upp; Chip. ntpa.
Small, lamaiau ; namahchtacJiu, H.;
Chip, maakig.
Smell,
J.
monukooen.
Rattlesnake,
Sky, mooaecaquit ; Len. moachhac ;
N. J. muaheek.
to. Tie
queea-aumun.
Smoke, niponguot-tai
(I
smoke)
Chip. Mt« paahkinawe.
eeJiIseekq ;
Chip.
jishigwe ; N. Eng. sesek.
Raven, nckquak.
Red, paquai-u ; N. Eng. mtqui.
Red-bird, pishqitisa eeps.
Smoke,
to
smoke a
pipe, p-aimoi.
Snake, aahquoke ; Len. achgook.
Snakeroot,
pahlacho-hook-quick
Len.
liieu-hotik.
Snakebite, ahlackok-kaa aipekoke.
;
332
Brinton.]
Snow, quoono
guhn ; N. J.
;
Len.
;
Len. w'tacku;
J. taakke.
Son, nueksguaJi (my)
Len. quis-
;
Sorry, dahqua-a-nee (I
am
sorry).
Sour, tchee-ee-wun ; Len. schwon.
ne kitt-o-was ; N.
to,
J. gi-
Spear, ne poikee-hek (see "
Arrow-
head").
Soul, tsee-e-p; Len. tachipey.
J. sick-quim.
Tobacco, oh'pucque ; N. Eng. puck.
To-day, ewapaicgup.
(my)
nicks-see-equanumps
Toe,
a,
Squirrel,
mod-nip-pque
(nip,
mowck-key
;
N.
hou-
J.
neek.
flying,
Squirrel,
ground
squirrel,
ahhappaneques
muck
quissah.
dogh-kinch ; Len. pach-
to,
foot, iks it).
To-morrow, allappahwee.
Tongue, neeannow-ah ! (my)
(my)
Tooth, neeput-tumps
w'ipit (his)
water).
Stand,
;
;
Len.
w'ilano (his).
Spring, the, see-qui no; Len. aiquon;
Spring,
Len.
;
Thou, kee ; Len. ki.
Thunder, awah! -shuck; Len. pedN. J.
hakquon, it thunders
(= my
kiim.
N.
you-kan-nah
that,
patihaakun.
sall (his).
Speak,
This,
8,
nanni.
niina.
Soft, patt-ah-ki-u ;
N.
H.
gu'no,
[Nov.
;
N.
;
Len.
J. uipiitil.
Tree, petuicque ; pauk, H.
pak.
Truth, ko-o-lam ; Len.
wulam, true.
Turkey, pah.'quun
N. J. tschikuuna.
;
leke,
Chip.
true
;
Len. bloeu ;
;
Turkey -buzzard, moh waas.
sucquin.
Star,
poomolasnque ; Pot.
pumma-
hump.
Stone,
a,
kawtcup (see " Rock
").
Ugly, matt-it
Valley,
(= bad).
qualliquawkimuck ;
pech-
sechkamikat, H. Len. pachsajeek.
Vine, a, mallaw cominamintz.
;
Straight, lemat-tah' -quot.
pack-come ; Len. popachgan-damen, to strike dead.
Strong, misski-u ; Cree maika-
Strike, to, ne
Walnut-tree, ah.'sin-ni-mintz (from
again, stone).
voisiu.
Summer,
Viper, apo-tass-sees-a.
ma»haquapau-u
tchak wapan, H.
(=
;
mech-
the great or
long light).
Sun, ah-quak; aquequaque ; aequeehkkq, II.; Len. gischuch ; N.J.
Walk, to, n-guit-o-waa.
War, matt-ah-kaaaon; Len. machtdgeen.
can.
Thigh, hunttsunque.
ban.
Lea.
va'tch&b-
;
Len. m'bi ; N.
J.
bee;
Alg. nipt.
Wet,
kiaa-ep pai-u ;
Whistle,
There, ennuk, H.
Thick, kee-puckan ; Len. eubbaeh-
(see
"War").
Water, nip
kiisku.
Sweet, wee-ing-on ; Len. mngan.
Sweat, nip-ookisi.
Tliio, ah-Bhee pent-o ;
mait-ah-ki-toeen
Warrior,
to,
Len. niakpeu.
nequeezkao-uhqtiitt-tim;
Len. «t quiachktoonheen.
White, waap-pay-u ; Len. woaptu
N. J. o;j«eA;.
Whore, amatlz-e-no.
Wild -cat, laalwaalqu&puaa
Eng. puMOtc.
;
;
N,
333
1893.]
Wild
Wife, nee-eeswah!
man
(lit.
"my
;
meeJi-sMz
;
Year,
wo-
a,
nuquolacutquomai
(see
"Month").
Yes, a-amch!
Yesterday, holacquow.
aquahoag,
michsez,
Len. minscJd ; Pot. musses.
1,
Len.
C.
Yellow, wee-sa-way-u
;
Len. wisa
weu.
;
Wood,
tuck-koisk ;
tekene ; Sh. teikou.
").
Wise, wee-sauce.
Woman, acquahique ;
H. Len. ochqueu.
pamp
Woods,
goose, quaJiaw-quunt.
Winding, apaas suc-tucqut.
Winter, pooponu ; iluppoon, H.
pipon ; N. Eng. popon.
[Cope.
H.
You, kee (= thou).
Young, laimaisu (see "Small
").