Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Univ. Prof. Dr. Ing. M. Nobert Fisch
Institute Building Services and Energy Design (IGS)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch
Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Environment
Technical University Braunschweig
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
energydesign braunschweig GmbH
www.energydesign-braunschweig.de
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Improving energy efficiency by factor 4 !
[kWhPE/(m²NGFa)]
Annual primary energy consumption of office buildings
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1979
EVA (~2000)
ENOB (2006)
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
+
Building Envelope
HVAC
Energy Design
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing external thermal loads
Köster Bau, Architects: Struhk + Partner
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing external thermal loads
Berlaymont Building, Architects: Lallemand, Beckers, Van Campenhout
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing external thermal loads
Eurotheum, Architects: Novottny, Mähner Architects
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing external thermal loads
Neues Regionshaus Hannover, Architects: bünemann & collegen
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing external thermal loads
• Effective (external) shading systems
• Glazings with low u-value
• Air tight construction
• Functional performance test
(blower door test)
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing internal thermal loads
Deutsche Bank Headquarters, Architects: Hanig, Scheid, Schmidt
Bank of America, Architects: Skidmore, Owings, Merrill
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing internal thermal loads
LBS Nord, Architects: Pysall, Stahrenberg + Partner
Max-Planck-Institute, Architects: Heinrich Wörner Vedder
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing internal thermal loads
• Adjust lighting to necessary level
• Lighting in the right position
• Motion and lightness sensors
• Day light first!
Neues Regionshaus Hannover, Architects: bünemann & collegen
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing HVAC
FinanzIT, Architects: Hascher + Jehle
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing HVAC
• Radiant heating and cooling (water)
• Reduced ventilation rate (2 1/h)
• Allow room temperatures to vary according to weather
conditions
• Winter: 22°C / 70°F
• Summer: 26°C / 80°F
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing HVAC
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Air exchange rate 8-10 1/h
Needed for high heating and
cooling loads
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Floor hight
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
conventional
high efficient
high air-change rate
only needed airchange rate
traditional HVCA
smart technical
devices
high comfort
covered ceiling
renewable cooling
possible
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Reducing HVAC
• Reduce floor height, increase floor area
• Reduce HVAC spaces and shafts
• Reduce construction and operation costs
FinanzIT, Architects: Hascher + Jehle
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Towards a sustainable energy supply
• React to the environment
• Use of renewable ressources
• Combined heat and power production
• Demand response
• Intelligent grid
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Investment Costs: 55 Mio. €
Finished in:
2003
Floor Area:
22 200 m²
ISC
Ostbahnhof
Spree
Source: Hanseatica 16. Grundbesitz Investitionsgesellschaft
mbH & Co. KG
International Solar Center, Architects: Bothe, Richter, Teherani
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Warehouse Building (Old Part)
Entrance Tunnel
Inside the Atrium
View from the River Spree
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Mean Atriumtemperature 29,4 °C
Inlettemperatur 29,3 °C
Without Shading Device
Mean Atriumtemperature 27,8 °C
Inlettemperature 29,3 °C
With internal Shading Device
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Shifting loads – reducing HVAC
Lastspitzen ohne
„Phasenverschiebung“
Kälteleistung
0:00
Uhr
Mech.
Lüftung
t
12:00 Uhr
Kühldecken
Gesamte
Kälteleistung
Ausgleich der Lastspitzen
durch Phasenverschiebung“
Kälteleistung
0:00
Uhr
Mech.
Lüftung
12:00 Uhr
Betonkerntemperierung
t
Gesamte
Kälteleistung
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
-64%
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Center of Informatics at TU Braunschweig
Center of Informatics, Architects: Phsall, Stahrenberg + Partner
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Center of Informatics at TU Braunschweig
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
New House of the Region of Hannover
Neues Regionshaus Hannover, Architects: bünemann & collegenc
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
New House of the Region of Hannover
• Addition to an existing
campus
• 300 employees and
conference facilities
• Public Private Partnership
• 50 % below mandatory
code requirement!
• No extra cost!
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Quality and FPTs
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Functional Performance Test:
•
•
•
•
Thermal response of bore hole ducts
Air tightness (n50)
Ventilation rates
Specific Van Power (PSFP)
(VDI 4640)
(DIN EN 13829)
(VDI 2079)
(DIN EN 13799)
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Energy design improves building performance:
• Reduce building cost, operation cost
and energy consumption
• Increase space efficiency and indoor environmental qualities (comfort, productivity)
• Stimulate architectural concepts
→ Integrated design approach
→ Use local climate
→ Team work
GSW, Architects: Sauerbruch Hutton
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EIGHTH
Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
International Conference for
Enhanced Building Operations
SAVE THE DATE | OKTOBER 20-22, 2008 | BERLIN, GERMANY
http://icebo.tamu.edu
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Primary energy-use
[kWh/(m²a)]
1600
?
1200
1000
800
400
400
100
0
EnOB
Germany
USA
China
www.igs.bau.tu-bs.de
Energy
performance
of officeBuildings:
buildings
Energy
Efficient
Non-Residential
standard
today?
Examples and Experiences
in Germany
Office buildings: PE-Use [kWhPE/(m²NGFa)]
?
1600
1200
today* / 60ties
800
factor 2
today* / 60ties
400
factor 2
0
EnOB
Germany
Most natural
ventilation
Germany
Most mechanical
ventilation
USA
China
* within 60-100 kWhPE/(m²NGFa) equipment
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Planung
Bau
Erfolgskontrolle
ZZB Berlin
Informatikzentrum TU - BS
EnergieForum Berlin
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
enob buildings managed by IGS
ZZB Berlin, finished 2003
International Solar Center
Architects: Bothe, Richter, Teherani
Center of Informatics
TU Braunschweig, finished 2001
Architects: Pysall, Stahrenberg + Partner
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Results of enob buildings
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Results of enob buildings
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
450
Jährl. Heizwärmebedarf [kWh/(m2·a)]
400
350
DIN
4108
300
250
WschVo
200
Non residential
?
150
Strombedarf !
EnEV
2002
100
50
0
1970
1980
1990
1995
2000
2009
Gesamt - Energieeffizienz
EnEV 2007 / DIN 18599
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Primary energy balance for non residentials
EnEV 2007 / DIN 18599
öfftl.
Gewinne
Heizenergiebedarf
Verluste
Energiebedarf (kWh/(m2a))
Netz
Gas
Fernwärme
Kühlung
Lüftung
Beleuchtung
Wärmebilanz
PE-Bedarf
Wärme
Strombedarf
PE-Bedarf
Strom
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Energiebedarfausweis
Paper of Energy demand
Diese Gebäude
97,5 kWh/(m²a)
Vergleichswert
Neubau
Vergleichswert
Sanierter Altbau
Primärenergiebedarf
nach 18599
97,5 < 100 kWh/m²a
für Heizung, Lüftung, Beleuchtung
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
First Paper of Energy demand in
China/ Shanghai 10 / 2006
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
ENOB: Low Energy Demonstration Buildings in Germany (BMWi)
www.enob.info
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
EnOB - Research at IGS – TU Braunschweig
• Education buildings
At the beginning
• DEMO
decentralized ventilation
in renovation
• Better building performance
with Energy Navigator
• Refurbishment of
Museums buildings
Research projects at IGS
• EVA
Evaluation of office buildings
• WKSP
seasonal heat und cold storage
• DeAL
decentralized smart Ventilation
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Energy-Navigator
Instrument for better building performance
EnBop:
Energetische Betriebsoptimierung
Research for
Improving of building
operation
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Architecture is about the way we live …
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Jahres- Primärenergieverbrauch
1.000
Jahres- Primärenergieverbrauch [kWhPE/(m²NGFa)]
ext. Kälte
900
Strom
Wärme
800
Natürlich belüftet (NB)
700
Sieg.+Wonn. VK:
678 kWhPE/(m²NGFa)
Mech. belüftet (MB)
Stadt Frankfurt:
578 kWhPE/(m²NGFa)
600
500
Schweiz Typ 3: 452 kWhPE/(m²NGFa)
Mittelwerte EVA
400
300
MB: 339 kWhPE/(m²NGFa)
Sieg.+Wonn. N+TK:
295 kWhPE/(m²NGFa)
Ges.: 284 kWhPE/(m²NGFa)
NB: 228 kWhPE/(m²NGFa)
Schweiz Typ 1+2: 219 kWhPE/(m²NGFa)
200
EnBau: 166 kWhPE/(m²NGFa)
100
0
018 006 005 014 013 019 008 016 007 001 004 017 010 002 012 009 011 015 003
Gebäude
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Jahres- Primärenergie
Vergleich Bedarf - Verbrauch
500
Jahres- Primärenergie [kWhPE/(m²NGFa)]
450
Jahres- Primärenergiebedarf
Jahres- Primärenergieverbrauch
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
018
014
019
008
001
004
017
002
012
009
011
Gebäude
Jahres-Primärenergiebedarf nach DIN V 18599
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Energy Efficient Non-Residential Buildings:
Examples and Experiences in Germany
Summen der jährlichen Überhitzungsstunden* in 59 Büroräumen
500
Anzahl der Überhitzungsstunden [h/a]
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1,0
Verglasungsanteil in der Fassade [%]
* Stunden mit einer Raumtemperatur Top,h > 26°C
während der Nutzungszeit: Mo.-Fr., 8 - 18 Uhr (2.600 h/a)
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