CENTROID OF PLANE FIGURES BY

CENTROID OF PLANE FIGURES BY INTEGRATION
Y
π‘₯𝑠
𝑑𝐴
𝑦𝑠
0
X
Consider a plane figure as shown in fig, for which the centroid is required. First of all take an
elementary strip and find its area. Let it be dA. Let π‘₯𝑠 and 𝑦𝑠 are the centroidal distance of the
elementary strip from the reference axes. Then the first moment of the elemental area about x
and y axes are 𝑦𝑠 𝑑𝐴 and π‘₯𝑠 𝑑𝐴 respectively.
Moment of the whole area about 0𝑦 axis = π‘₯𝑠 𝑑𝐴
𝐴π‘₯ =
π‘₯𝑠 𝑑𝐴
π‘₯𝑠
𝑑𝐴
𝐴
Moment of the whole area about 0π‘₯ axis= 𝑦𝑠 𝑑𝐴
π‘₯=
|||𝑙𝑦
𝐴𝑦 =
𝑦𝑠 𝑑𝐴
𝑦𝑠
𝑑𝐴
𝐴
𝑦=
CENTROID OF A RECTANGLE TO FIND 𝒙
Y
𝑏
β„Ž
0
π‘₯
X
𝑑π‘₯
Consider a vertical rectangle strib of thickness β€˜π‘‘π‘₯’ parallel to the height at a distance of π‘₯ from
reference axis0𝑦.
Area of the strip 𝑑𝐴 = 𝑑π‘₯. β„Ž
∴ Area of the rectangle, 𝐴 =
𝑑𝐴 =
𝑑π‘₯. β„Ž
𝑏
=β„Ž
𝑑π‘₯
0
= β„Ž π‘₯ 𝑏0
𝐴 = β„Žπ‘
Using the result π‘₯ =
here π‘₯ = π‘₯ +
𝑑π‘₯
2
π‘₯𝑠
𝐴
𝑑𝐴
; but β€˜π‘‘π‘₯’ is very small, hence π‘₯𝑠 can be taken as equal to π‘₯.
∴π‘₯=
π‘₯𝑑𝐴
=
𝐴
𝑏
0
π‘₯ β„Žπ‘‘π‘₯
β„Ž
=
β„Žπ‘
β„Žπ‘
1 π‘₯2
=
𝑏 2
𝑏
π‘₯𝑑π‘₯
0
𝑏
0
1 𝑏2
𝑏
π‘₯=
=
𝑏 2
2
To find π’š
Y
Area of the strip, 𝑑𝐴 = 𝑏𝑑𝑦
Area of Rectangle, 𝐴 =
β„Ž
0
𝑑𝑦
𝑏𝑑𝑦
𝑦
𝐴 = 𝑏 𝑦 β„Ž0 𝐴 = π‘β„Ž
𝑦𝑠
Using result 𝑦 =
here 𝑦𝑠 = 𝑦 +
𝑑𝑦
2
𝐴
𝑏
𝑑𝐴
β„Ž
0
;
dy is very small, hence 𝑦𝑠 = 𝑦
βˆ΄π‘¦=
β„Ž 𝑦𝑏𝑑𝑦
0 π‘β„Ž
1 𝑦2
=
β„Ž 2
=
1 β„Ž2
β„Ž 2
𝑦=
β„Ž
2
β„Ž
0
X