Science l0: Sustainability of Etbsystems
Science l0
Pseudo-Test
Ecorosist:
A*r* kT
Part 1: Irt/rite either True (T) or False (F) in the space provided.
1. T
2. f
Some organisms are able to produce food by a process called chemosynthesis.
Detritivores include bacteria or fungi that break down dead material.
3, 'T
lnhaspecific competition occurs between members of he same species.
4,7
5.
A fox is usually an example of an organism ffom the second trophic level.
T
A budworm on a tobac,co plant is an example of a feeding interaction involving a producer and a
consumer.
6.
7.
8.
L
15.
16.
17.
18.
F
F
-TF
I
f
F
f
Opproximately 30 percent of the energy tom one level of a food chain transfers to the next level.
DDT has been banned hroughout the world.
Cellular respiration produces oxygen.
Earth consists of a closed system where new materials enter but do not leave.
During a thunderstorm, the energy released by lightning helps form nitrates.
The only reactants required for photosynttresis are carbon dioxide and water.
Amino acids are needed to produce genetic material.
Cfid deposits resulted fom the decomposition of buried plant material.
Part 2: Circle the best response.
1. Which term best describes the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy?
c. chemosynthesis
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
d. all the above
2.
3.
Energy from one level of a food chain is lost as it moves to the next level. !p.1rhat form is this energy losP
A. heat
B. metabolic processes
@
D.
uottr
ldentiff in order, from top to bottom, the trophic levels shown here.
A.
producers, primary mnsumers, tertiary consumers, secondary
jRnsumers
consumers, secondary consumers, primary consumers,
producers
C. primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers,
producers
D. none ofthe above
(!/tertiary
4.
How is energy measured?
in grams
B*
in organisms per hectare
in joules or kilojoules
in centilitres
A.
6')
Y
Aand B
neither A nor B
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Whici of the following would you expect to contain ttigfrighest concentration of DDT?
A
(p
u.
D.
What might explain the current increase in the human population?
better health care
increased food production
better sanitation
allof the above
Which gas is most abundanl in Earth's atmosphere?
oxygen
A.
B.
@
D.
hydroqen
nitrosin
carbon dioxide
Resources that can be replaced as fast or faster than they are being used are known as:
Renewable
(A
Y
nnit"
C.
D.
closed
non-renewable
lle
amount of orygen present in our atmosphere is:
6)
V
zrz,
o.ozgor"
78Yo
44Yo
The way we use concepts to build our understanding is known as:
A. system
B. resource
@)
Y
11.
squd
fish
A.
B.
A
U
C.
D.
10,
seawater
dolPhin
paradigm
paradigm shift
The ability to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising tre ability of future generations
to meet their needs is known as:
unsustainability
sustainability
paradigm
A
(p
C.
D.
12.
The process that "nature" uses to recycle elements is known as:
infinite
geographical
,€-. geological
A.
B.
(p
13.
closed system
oiotogicat
The lifezone of earth, including the lower part of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and upper part of Earth's
crust is known as:
terrestrial
( B.
biosohere
A)
Y ,qritit
D.
14.
habitat
The variety of living organisms that inhabit Earth is known as:
A.
/a)
Y
D.
15.
ecoloov
uiooirEoiw
tropnic structure
food chains
A testable proposalthat explains an observation or question is know as:
nypotiresis
ideas
paradigm
(fi)
Y
C.
D.
16.
A community of organisms and the physical environment where they live is known as:
terrestrial
aquatic
habitat
A.
B.
;0*
@)
17.
ecology
emsystem
The nonJiving factors which affect life in an ecosystem are known as:
symbiotic
mutualistic
biotc
abiotic
A.
B.
,,(
(!,)
18.
Naturally occuning catalysts that are found in the body and help chemical reactions occur are known as:
A. denatured
.n.yrr.
@
(;. oxygen
D.
19.
20.
21.
22.
ry
inorganic nutrients
Which organism is an ectotherm?
A. polar bear
B.
whale
C.
blue jay
@
iguana
The chemical symbolfor phosphate is:
A.
P0+&
B,
P$
6
Y
KPQ4-
Tha
-J+\ chemical symbol for nitrate is:
NOr
c.
NO$
NH*
D.
NH+*
The chemical symbol for ammonium is:
A,
NOr
B.
NO3
NH*
6
NH+*
-)-
To use plants to remove accumulated toxic compounds from the soil is known as:
pedogenesis
A.
B.
medialion
c.
D.
phytoremediation
remediation
24. $idr is an example of an abiotic factor:
(A. ) Space
!i Mutualism
C.
D.
25.
Predation
Disease
This type of soil nufiient mntains phosphates, nitrabs, potassium and magnesium:
humus
oroanic
inJrganic
acidic
A.
B.
(D
Y
This is an example of a biotic factor:
oi.e*.
@
B. space
C.
D.
27.
temperature
acidity
A symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit is called:
/A'mutualism
Y
C.
D.
commensalism
parasitism
parisitoidism
A symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits but the other is not harmed and does not benefit is
called:
A.
fBa
Y
D.
29.
mutualism
commensalism
parasitism
parisitoidism
A symbiotic relationship wtrere one organism benefits and tre other is harmed (such as humans and
tapeworms) is called:
mutualism
commensalism
oarasitism
A.
R
6)
Y
30.
barisitoidism
The example of a female wasp laying eggs on a spider after it is stung and paralyzed, is called:
A. mufualism
B. commensalism
parasitism
parisitoidism
&
or9
Of the 100% solar energy
trat is reeived on earft, how mudt of tris energy is actually used for
photosynthesis?
A. 270/0
B. 444/o
C. 0.0230/o
D. 1o/o
This is a biolqical process which uses solar energy to create sugars which is the universalfood for life:
combustion
(8.) photosynthesis
fl*
Y
assimilation
D. cellularrespiration
33.
look at our food pyramid, we would find that less-DDT is present in:
J[ge
(!
RrimaV Producers
B. primary consumers
C.
D.
34.
secondaryconsumers
tertiary consumers
What is the process of breathing?
decomposition
(pr) respiration
assimilation
excretion
!*
C.
D.
35.
36.
means to'break up into parts', rot, or putrefy?
Alat
($)
decomposition
B. respiration
C. assimilation
D. excretion
What means to release'\vaste mattef from the body?
A. decomposition
B. respiration
A
(D )
37.
What means to be absorbed?
A. decomposition
B. resoiration
G)
D.
38.
What refers to traces of life embedded in rock or ice?
(
Y
)
C.
D.
47.
method listed below will slow the rise in average global temperatures?
decrease carbon dioxide levels
increase atmospheric nitrogen
increase atmospheric water
decrease cloud cover
The amount of nitrogen present in our atmosphere is:
A. 21%
L 0.023To
(d) za'r.
V qqot
(hich
@
B.
C.
D.
48.
weathering
fossilization
$ich
lA.
40.
assimilation
excretion
A. formation of sedimentary rock
B. erosion
(p)
39.
assimilation
excretion
is not a biological process:
combustion of fossiltuels
assimilation
photosynthesis
cellularrespiration
lf organisms such as those in (d) were not present, what would happen to the organisms in (c)?
Their
Their
Their
Their
numbers would decline rapidly.
numbers would remain
numbers would increase
numbers would fluctuate
(go up and down or change
often).
t
I
I
49.
$rich
(R.')
Y
C.
D.
50.
shategy would be the most effective in n
Oevetop new technologies
1\
d
pass laws governing pollution
decrease the size of the human population
f-
depleteallfossilfuels
Predict what would happen if the lizard population shown
in the figure died.
f, The plant population would boom.
(A) fne grasshopper population would boom.
Y Hawks would eat snakes as ttreir only food
source.
D.
52.
Mice would die of starvation.
What ig$q relationship between wheat and grasshoppers?
(A) The wheat produces oxygen that the grasshoppers consume.
Both consume carbon dioxide.
The wheat produces carbon dioxide and the grasshoppers consume oxygen.
None ofthe above
-Bf/
C)
D)
57
.
How can you help solve the problem of global warming?
A. Plant trees.
B. Use wind to generate electricity.
A.lnsulate your home
QyNlof
the above
Pa* 3: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate scientific terms.
refers to the decomposing plant and animal materials including their dead
bodies as well as their wastes.
4.
5.
6.
Drbaasa
is the result of infection by fungi, bacteria, virus, and other pathogens.
is an example of a metabolic process.
We learned two additional scientific terms that we can use in place of 'decomposers". They are
6
is the dark, rich soil that is created from the decomposition of animal life and
plant life.
8.
To change the properties of proteins say by adding
9. {
10.
n^g*"
is
rno*n
*
CLnArruJ
are animals that eat food that has been kilted and teft behind.
Organisms which are able to produce their own food, such as plants, are known as
11.
is the number of elements that occur nafurally on earth.
12.
are living organisms that are not wanted around us.
13. Anexampteof atoxicinorganicpesticide
14.
heat
RVAoqroJoLh
i, &W,
QD
Sulh+e
means that a substance can be broken down by organic action inro its
elements or components.
15.
Modem pesticides designed by chemists were less harmful to the environment but were harmful to living organism
because they were fat
<oh[fu
{6.
17.
The collection or accumulation of organic pesticides in
18.
When large roc*s are broken down into smaller rocks, it is called this
19.
fatg tissues is known
,q h )
WMto,lL**x^'&L
is the univer:sal food for life...another word
Part 4: Match the letterwith the definition. Write the lefter in the blank space.
_L
1. An organism in the first trophic
2.+n organisrn in he oeeord
D
['l
t
level
t
Ytitr
A. fungus
B. deer
3. Energy can be lost as
C, photosynthesis
L
D. heat
An exampleof a detritivore
F
5. An example of a decomposer
I
E. maple tree
6. Too much COz in Earth's lower
F. worm
atmosphere leads to this.
C
7. This is one way carbon enters the atmosphere.
G. deforestation
H. bacteria
l. greenhouse effect
Part 5: short Answer Questions. turite your answels on the following blank page.
1. lf your family declared a week in your home as "sustainable'frrture Week,' list at leas{ three actions you
could take. (3 marks)
\_G*u ,t'*
')
leLc*,b4y, uL,
Pr*"L
J) blsu' yo* L'k er U" ll, L"
2. a. Define ecologicalfootprint. (l mark)
b. ldentifi hree human activities that are examples of ecologicalfootprints. {3 marks}
C^l*il;, ul ,E*LXul F"rlyt;|. - &e y".4-&,
ch"s exounbb
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3. Using the food chain below,
the amount of energy needed for each organism found on the
Sonoran Dese( in Tucson, Arizona. (8 points)
Cactus
Prickly Pear
Organism
Energy Available
Prickly Pear
4575 kJ
Cactus
4.
Lizard -------+ Roadrunner
Energy Used in
Metabolism
Energy Slored in Body
Tissue
kt
ttr-7.5
Lizard
ttsr.so kT
ttl.-l S l4T
Roadrunner
*s.tr hl
{ t. t-Ts
+s7.50
kT
{s.rs kf
kf
'l.5zs l,tj-
Study ttis picture and suggest why DDT concentration in the eel is lower than in the silversides. Make sure you
define bioaccumulation or biomagnification in
your answer. (3 marks)
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