Unit 3 Study Guide – States of Matter, Heat,
Pressure, Gas Laws and Phase Changes
States of Matter:
1. On Earth ________, Liquid, and ___________ are the most common states of matter. However, the stars
are made of ________, and because they are more massive, and more numerous, plasma is the most
common state of matter. Plasma makes up 99% of the universe!
2. Complete the following table.
Energy
(high,
medium,
low)
Space between
particles (close, fairly
close, far)
Force of attraction
between particles
(weak, medium, strong)
Definite
Shape
(Yes /
No)
Definite
Volume
(Yes / No)
Solid
Liquid
Gas
4. Pressure is caused by random particles ______________ with each other and their container.
5. _____________ , _______________ and number of particles affect the pressure of something.
6. Answer whether the pressure goes up, down, or indeterminate (not able to tell) based on the chart.
7. Fill in the blanks with increases or decreases.
All other things constant a(n) ___________ in volume will cause an increase in pressure
All other things constant a(n) ___________ in temperature will cause an increase in pressure
All other things constant a(n) ___________ in number of particles will cause an increase in pressure
All other things constant a(n) ___________ in volume will cause an decrease in pressure
All other things constant a(n) ___________ in temperature will cause an decrease in pressure
All other things constant a(n) ___________ in number of particles will cause an decrease in pressure
8. You walk into a 7-11 and buy a warm soda with ice. The heat is traveling from the ________ to the
______. Heat always travels from a __________ substance to a _________ substance. Once the soda and
the ice are the same temperature they have reached T__________ E_______________.
9. Boyles law states that Pressure * Volume = Constant, and that pressure and volume are inversely
proportional to each other (meaning, if one goes up, the other goes down at the same rate). Boyle’s
Law assumes everything else (temperature and number of molecules) stays the same. If we start with a gas
that has a 1 Liter Volume, and ends with a 2 liter volume, what happened to the Pressure? Same, Doubled,
Halved, none of these.
10. Charles’ Law states that as temperature of a gas increases, ______________ also increases at the same
rate. Also, if temperature decreases, ______________ decreases. This is assuming the number of particles
is constant.
11. Heat Travels in three ways C______________, C_______________, and R______________.
_________________ involves the direct contact of particles
_________________ is transfer of energy by bulk movement, moves in currents
_________________ is transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
12. Label each of the following scenarios:
Scenario
An iron heats an MSA polo shirt
A microwave heats up a teacher’s TV dinner
Steve Rogers heats up water on a stove to make tea
Jonathan Storm rises because his flames are lighter than air
Bruce Banner is bombarded with gamma radiation in a
nuclear experiment
What type of heat?
13. Hot air or liquid _________ in a convection current, because the heated particles have more energy and
spread out making the hot air/liquid less dense.
14. Label the diagram.
Solid
Liquid
Gas