UNIT 5: Functions & Relationships Describing Patterns & Functions Note: All key terms are based on the Math Standards for Alaska and reflect terms vital to academic achievement in math. Sealaska Heritage Institute i 322 Sealaska Heritage Institute INTRODUCTION OF MATH VOCABULARY Sealaska Heritage Institute 323 Process Skills Concrete Introduction of Key Vocabulary Note: A vocabulary graphic is provided in this unit for each of the key words. Definitions for all of the key words can be found in the glossary at the back of this program. 324 linear patterns Have each student choose a number from one to ten. Now give them three minutes to make a list of numbers starting at zero and adding that number over and over again. Explain that this is a linear pattern since there is the same amount between each number. Who got to the highest number? Who had the most additions? tables Draw a table on the board of student ages, genders, and favorite subjects. Now write those same data in a jumbled mess. Explain that tables help us to compile and order data. sequences Have students describe how the weather changes throughout the year and what activities they do throughout the year. Explain that there is a repeating “sequence” to the seasons. Sealaska Heritage Institute Process Skills Concrete Introduction of Key Vocabulary Note: A vocabulary graphic is provided in this unit for each of the key words. Definitions for all of the key words can be found in the glossary at the back of this program. graphs Ask the students to go around the room and make a list of how many girls and how many boys have green on their shoes. Now ask them to draw this as a graph on their paper. Explain that graphs help us to easily view a set of data! ordered pairs Show the students a map and have them point to a specific location that they’d like to visit. Explain that the point is a unique ordered pair on the earth giving a direction north/south and east/west. Explain that these “coordinates” are ordered pairs. quadrilateral Explain to the students that a quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides and four corners. Have the students fill a piece of paper with quadrilaterals and have them judge the best designs! Sealaska Heritage Institute 325 Process Skills Concrete Introduction of Key Vocabulary Note: A vocabulary graphic is provided in this unit for each of the key words. Definitions for all of the key words can be found in the glossary at the back of this program. rectangular prism 326 Sealaska Heritage Institute Using only tin foil and masking tape, ask each student to build a rectangular prism after being told the definition. Which two look the most alike and which two are the most different? What similarities do they all share? VOCABULARY PICTURES 328 Sealaska Heritage Institute Sealaska Heritage Institute 329 LINEAR PATTERNS 330 Sealaska Heritage Institute Sealaska Heritage Institute 331 TABLES 332 Sealaska Heritage Institute Sealaska Heritage Institute 333 SEQUENCES 334 Sealaska Heritage Institute Sealaska Heritage Institute 335 GRAPHS 336 Sealaska Heritage Institute Sealaska Heritage Institute 337 ORDERED PAIRS 338 Sealaska Heritage Institute Sealaska Heritage Institute 339 QUADRILATERAL 340 Sealaska Heritage Institute Sealaska Heritage Institute 341 RECTANGULAR PRISM 342 Sealaska Heritage Institute LANGUAGE ACTIVITIES Sealaska Heritage Institute 343 Language and Skills Development LISTENING Review the key math words introduced in this unit. If the vocabulary pictures were not presented during the introduction, show them to the students at this time. Turn and Face Mount the vocabulary pictures on the walls and board. Group the students together in the center of the classroom. Say one of the vocabulary words and the students should turn to face the picture for the word you said. Depending upon the size of your class, this activity may be done in small groups. This activity may also be done in team form. In this case, have a player from each team stand in the center of the classroom. When a player faces the wrong direction (i.e., the wrong picture), he/she is “out” until a later round of the activity. Repeat until all players have had an opportunity to participate. Student Support Materials Have the students work on the activity pages from the Student Support Materials from this unit. Afterward, review their work. 344 Sealaska Heritage Institute Language and Skills Development SPEAKING Balloon Volleyball Group the students into two teams. The two teams should stand, facing one an other. Toss a round, inflated balloon to the members of Team One. The members of Team One must then bounce the balloon to the members of Team Two. The players should continue to bounce the balloon back and forth in this way until a team loses the balloon. You may wish to establish the rule that players may not move their feet during the activity. When a team loses the balloon, show them a vocabulary picture and all team members in that team must say the vocabulary word for it. Repeat until players in both teams have responded a number of times. Slip String Mount the vocabulary pictures on the board. Join all of the students together with a long length of string. Before tying the ends of the string together, insert a roll of tape over one end of the string (a large washer can also be used). Then, tie the ends of the string together. Face away from the students. The students should then pass the roll of tape as quickly as possible along the string. When you clap your hands, the student who is holding the roll of tape, must identify (orally) a vocabulary picture you point to. For added motivation, you may wish to place more than one roll of tape (or washer) on the line of string. Repeat until many students have re sponded. Roll ‘Em Again! Mount the vocabulary pictures on the board. Number each picture from one to six (repeat a number as often as necessary). Then, group the students into two teams. Give the first player in each team a die. When you say “Go,” the first player in each team must roll his/her die. He/She should call the number showing on it and then say a complete sentence about a vocabulary picture on the board that has the same number. Repeat this process until all students have participated. Sealaska Heritage Institute 345 Language and Skills Development READING Introduce the math sight words to the students — match the sight words with the vocabulary graphics. The sight words are included in the Student Support Materials, attached to these lesson plans. Deal Before the activity begins, obtain two decks of playing cards. Give all of the cards from one deck to the students (if possible, arrange it so that all students have the same number of cards). Mount the sight words on the board. Hold a playing card from the other deck of cards against one of the sight words on the board. The student who has the matching playing card must identify the sight word. When the student has done this correctly, he/she should place that playing card to the side. Continue in this way until a student or students have no playing cards left in their hands. Letter Encode Give each student his/her envelope that contains the alphabet letters. Show a picture from this unit. The students must use the cut-out letters to spell the word for the picture. Review the students’ work. Repeat, until all of the words have been spelled. Student Support Materials Have the students work on the activity pages from the Student Support Materials from this unit. Afterward, review their work. 346 Sealaska Heritage Institute Language and Skills Development WRITING Mirror Writing Group the students into two teams. Have the first player from each team stand in front of the board. Give each of the two players a small, unbreakable mirror. Stand some distance behind the two players with pictures for the sight words. Hold up one of the pictures. When you say “Go,” the players must use the mirrors to look over their shoulders to see the picture you are holding. When a player sees the picture, he/she must write the sight word for that picture on the board. The first player to do this correctly wins the round. Repeat this process until all players in each team have had an opportunity to respond. Yarn Spell Group the students into two teams. Give the first player in each team lengths of yarn or string. Say a vocabulary word. When you say “Go,” the first player in each team must then use the yarn or string to “write” the word on the floor. The first player to complete his/her word wins the round. Repeat this process until all players in each team have played. If pipe cleaners are available, they may be used in place of the yarn or string (have both long and short lengths of the pipe cleaners ready for the activity). Student Support Materials Have the students work on the activity pages from the Student Support Materials from this unit. Afterward, review their work. Sealaska Heritage Institute 347 348 Sealaska Heritage Institute STUDENT SUPPORT MATERIALS Listening l Mini Pictures Listening: Mini Pictures Have the students cut out the pictures. Say the key math words from this unit, and the students should hold up the pictures for them. 350 Sealaska Heritage Institute STUDENT SUPPORT MATERIALS Sight Words Sealaska Heritage Institute 351 Sealaska Heritage Institute sequences tables linear patterns 352 Sealaska Heritage Institute 353 quadrilateral ordered pairs graphs rectangular prism 354 Sealaska Heritage Institute STUDENT SUPPORT MATERIALS Reading l Sight Recognition Sealaska Heritage Institute 355 Sight Words Activity Page Have the students circle the word for each picture. linear patterns linear patterns tables tables sequences sequences graphs graphs ordered pairs ordered pairs quadrilateral quadrilateral rectangular prism rectangular prism linear patterns linear patterns tables tables sequences sequences graphs graphs ordered pairs ordered pairs quadrilateral quadrilateral rectangular prism rectangular prism linear patterns linear patterns tables tables sequences sequences graphs graphs ordered pairs ordered pairs quadrilateral quadrilateral rectangular prism rectangular prism Sight Words Activity Page linear patterns tables sequences graphs ordered pairs quadrilateral rectangular prism Sealaska Heritage Institute 357 Sight Words Activity Page Write the numbers on their correct vocabulary graphics. 1. linear patterns 2. tables 3. sequences 4. graphs 5. ordered pairs 6. quadrilateral 7. rectangular prism 358 Sealaska Heritage Institute Sight Words Activity Page Write the key words from this unit horizontally in the boxes (more than one copy of each word can be written). Fill in all other boxes with any letters. Exchange page with another student. Find key words and circle. Sealaska Heritage Institute 359 Sight Words Activity Page Name Date (Key # 1 - 833363) Unit 3.1 Highlight or circle the words in this word find. Find each of the following words. quadrilateral graphs sequences n s d n i r a s l h t e t d l n c p t t i g r e s r l e e e 360 n l t r t a l g o p g p p r u a e r b a n l s u h r e i a h t s n a t e t r t i d i l r r r l i t t l g r e t a a c e c g u d a u a s i l n l c i e p g l t e a r m a m t a e s e a ordered pairs linear patterns tables g d r r a e s e s l r a n t s r n t s a t r a a e e l t a e r r p e a s r s g o r l e m r a s s e m r t b u p a r r p c e e l a s r p g r t e e a t h s r i q b a o a t p s l r s r Sealaska Heritage Institute s c i i l l a s a t r a r s r c e e u a s r e i u r i e o u e t g a r l b s u a t e p s e d t i e e e d a t u o g t e l a a e s a s a s p b t l a p c d r i n r p e d i d i g s e r q n t a r e s a q l r t t n t t a l c r l r m s i r i s i p n g c e i l r r u e r a t i a q t o e a n e i r l i t i l p rectangular prism n u r s a i r o a a e b e e n s r e s s q d n q r c t q r s r l r b r n a m d r s l r p g r r d e l o p r u t s e a c r i a e a s e r t r s a e r a u t a r l s r a t a n a a q a e e r a r n a i d i e r s o r l n q m e p d i g d t l q e e e p p t r p r a e l e i l s l a a t e l q e r s r l i s s s a p r g e a p e e a e r n e t r u e e c r r s g i r e u p e h e i r l l a d s t u t n s n p g i i r r e q c l r s c p q n e s a i e t r s e b a a n r r r r p r q d e u a t o s a u r a m p i i t i r a a l e r n u b i n e e p p p t c a g s e i c a h s g e i t h a a a i s t a s a i a a r p e s c s a n d g n s t a r o u s m t s d l e t g s u e i r e r b r r r c t r c a r m n d r e i s s e m g e l i l l s r e a r e t l q p c r r h r s l p e e l a c t d t a i a a u e r l t q r a c r Sight Words Activity Page Answer Key: Key # 1 - 833363 Unit 3.1 ANSWER KEY Find each of the following words. quadrilateral graphs sequences n s d n i r a s l h t e t d l n c p t t i g r e s r l e e e n l t r t a l g o p g p p r u a e r b a n l s u h r e i a h t s n a t e t r t i d i l r r r l i t t l g r e t a a c e c g u d a u a s i l n l c i e p g l t e a r m a m t a e s e a ordered pairs linear patterns tables g d r r a e s e s l r a n t s r n t s a t r a a e e l t a e r r p e a s r s g o r l e m r a s s e m r t b u p a r r p c e e l a s r p g r t e e a t h s r i q b a o a t p s l r s r s c i i l l a s a t r a r s r c e e u a s r e i u r i e o u e t g a r l b s u a t e p s e d t i e e e d a t u o g t e l a a e s a s a s p b t l a p c d r i n r p e d i d i g s e r q n t a r e s a q l r t t n t t a l c r l r m s i r i s i p n g c e i l r r u e r a t i a q t o e a n e i r l i t i l p rectangular prism n u r s a i r o a a e b e e n s r e s s q d n q r c t q r s r l r b r n a m d r s l r p g r r d e l o p r u t s e a c r i a e a s e r t r s a e r a u t a r l s r a t a n a a q a e e r a r n a i d i e r s o r l n q m e p d i g d t l q e e e p p t r p r a e l e i l s l a a t e l q e r s r l i s s s a p r g e a p e e a e r n e t r u e e c r r s g i r e u p e h e i r l l a d s t u t n s n p g i i r r e q c l r s c p q n e s a i e t r s e b a a n r r r r p r q d e u a t o s a u r a m p i i t i r a a l e r n u b i n e e p p p t c a g s e i c a h s g e i t h a a a i s t a s a i a a r p e s c s a n d g n s t a r o u s m t s d l e t g s u e i r e r b r r r c t r c a r m n d r e i s s e m g e l i l l s r e a r e t l q p c r r h r s l p e e l a c t d t a i a a u e r l t q r a c r Sealaska Heritage Institute 361 362 Sealaska Heritage Institute STUDENT SUPPORT MATERIALS Reading l Encoding Sealaska Heritage Institute 363 Encoding Activity Page Have the students cut out the word parts and glue them into their correct words. linear p________rns t________s s________nces gr_______s o_________d pairs 364 eque rdere tangu aph Sealaska Heritage Institute able Encoding Activity Page qu________lateral rec_________lar prism atte adri Sealaska Heritage Institute 365 Encoding Activity Page Have the students cut out the word halves and glue them together to create the key words for this unit. 366 lin bles ta airs se ear patterns gr angular prism ordered p aphs Sealaska Heritage Institute Encoding Activity Page quad rilateral rect quences Sealaska Heritage Institute 367 Encoding Activity Page Cut out and encode the syllables of the words OR number the syllables in their correct sequence. ar li terns pat les 368 tab Sealaska Heritage Institute ne Encoding Activity Page quen se ces graphs pairs dered or Sealaska Heritage Institute 369 Encoding Activity Page la ri ral te quad tan 370 rec Sealaska Heritage Institute lar gu STUDENT SUPPORT MATERIALS Reading Comprehension Sealaska Heritage Institute 371 What’s the Answer? Read the text and then select the correct answer for it. Fill in the bullet beside the answer of your choice. 372 1 Linear patterns include a list of numbers that increases or decreases by _______ amount between each number. m The same m A different m A larger m A smaller 2 A set of data arranged in rows and columns is a __________. m Table m Chair m List m Hard Drive 3 A _________ of events lead to the passage of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA). m Failure m Sequence m List m Plot 4 Data on an increase in bear attacks on humans over time may be best represented using: m Graphs m Traps m Bear Spray m Dictionaries 5 Coordinates on a GPS unit are listed as: m Cartoons m Stick Figures m Single Digit Numbers m Ordered Pairs Sealaska Heritage Institute What’s the Answer? 6 A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides and four: m Wheelers m Line Breaks m Vertices m Linkages 7 A __________ prism has a bottom and top that are congruent rectangles. m Triangular m Rectangular m Square m Circular Sealaska Heritage Institute 373 What’s the Answer? ANSWER KEY 374 1 Linear patterns include a list of numbers that increases or decreases by _______ amount between each number. l The same m A different m A larger m a smaller 2 A set of data arranged in rows and columns is a __________. l Table m Chair m List m Hard Drive 3 A _________ of events lead to the passage of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (ANCSA). m Failure l Sequence m List m Plot 4 Data on an increase in bear attacks on humans over time may be best represented using: l Graphs m Traps m Bear Spray m Dictionaries 5 Coordinates on a GPS unit are listed as: m Cartoons m Stick Figures m Single Digit Numbers l Ordered Pairs Sealaska Heritage Institute What’s the Answer? 6 A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides and four: m Wheelers m Line Breaks l Vertices m Linkages 7 A __________ prism has a bottom and top that are congruent rectangles. m Triangular l Rectangular m Square m Circular Sealaska Heritage Institute 375 Reading Comprehension Activity Page Write the numbers/letters for sentence halves that match. 376 1 Linear patterns are derived from a list of numbers that increase or A decrease by the same amount between each number. 2 Tables are valuable tools for arranging B from year to year can be very valuable to resource managers. 3 The sequence of events leading up to a crime C data in rows and columns. 4 Graphs depicting the changes in salmon harvest D is shown as an ordered pair called a coordinate. 5 The latitude and longitude of one’s location on a GPS E both examples of a quadrilateral. 6 Squares and rectangles are F that are congruent rectangles. 7 Rectangular prisms have a top and a bottom G can be very important to a jury hearing the case. 1g____________2g ____________ 3g ____________ 5g ____________ 7g ____________ 6g ____________ Sealaska Heritage Institute 4g ____________ Reading Comprehension Activity Page ANSWER KEY 1 Linear patterns are derived from a list of numbers that increase or A decrease by the same amount between each number. 2 Tables are valuable tools for arranging B from year to year can be very valuable to resource managers. 3 The sequence of events leading up to a crime C data in rows and columns. 4 Graphs depicting the changes in salmon harvest D is shown as an ordered pair called a coordinate. 5 The latitude and longitude of one’s location on a GPS E both examples of a quadrilateral. 6 Squares and rectangles are F that are congruent rectangles. 7 Rectangular prisms have a top and a bottom G can be very important to a jury hearing the case. A 5g ____________ D C 6g ____________ E 1g____________2g ____________ G 7g ____________ F 3g ____________ B 4g ____________ Sealaska Heritage Institute 377 Reading Comprehension Activity Page Cut out the words and glue them under their definitions. Order of events Increasing or decreasing by same amount Diagrams Give location of a point on a plane Polygon with 4 sides and 4 vertices Congruent rectangles on top and bottom Data arranged in rows and columns 378 linear patterns tables sequences ordered pairs quadrilateral rectangular prism Sealaska Heritage Institute graphs Reading Comprehension Activity Page ANSWER KEY Order of events sequences Give location of a point on a plane ordered pairs Increasing or decreasing by same amount linear patterns Polygon with 4 sides and 4 vertices quadrilateral Diagrams graphs Congruent rectangles on top and bottom rectangular prism Data arranged in rows and columns tables Sealaska Heritage Institute 379 380 Sealaska Heritage Institute STUDENT SUPPORT MATERIALS Writing Sealaska Heritage Institute 381 Writing Activity Page Have the students complete the writing of the key math words. li______r pat_______s _______ ta______s seq______ces gr_____hs or______ed pa_____s quad______ateral rec_______ular p______m 382 Sealaska Heritage Institute __ Writing Activity Page Have the students complete the writing of the key math words. l_________ p________s t___________________s s___________________s g__________________s o_________ p________s q___________________l r____________ p_____m Sealaska Heritage Institute 383 Basic Writing Activity Page Have the students write the word for each picture. 384 Sealaska Heritage Institute Crossword Puzzle 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 3 5 6 7 Across Order of events Increasing or decreasing by same amount (2 Words) Data arranged in rows and columns Diagrams 1 2 4 Down Give location of a point on a plane (2 Words) Congruent rectangles on top and bottom (2 Words) Polygon with 4 sides and 4 vertices Sealaska Heritage Institute 385 Crossword Puzzle Answers 1 3 5 6 7 386 2 O R 3 4 R S E Q U E N C E S D U C 5 L I N E A R P A T T E R N S R D A E R N D I G P L U 6 A T A B L E S I T A R E R 7 S G R A P H S A R L I S M Across Down Order of 1 Give location of events a point on a Increasing or plane (2 Words) decreasing by 2 Congruent same amount rectangles on (2 Words) top and bottom Data arranged (2 Words) in rows and 4 Polygon with 4 columns sides and 4 Diagrams vertices Sealaska Heritage Institute UNIT ASSESSMENT Sealaska Heritage Institute 387 388 Sealaska Heritage Institute Describing Patterns & Functions Unit Assessment Teacher’s Notes Grade 8 l Unit 5 Date:________________ Sealaska Heritage Institute 389 Unit Assessment Provide each student with a copy of the students’ pages. Read the following instructions aloud. The students should answer the questions on their copies of the assessment. BASIC LISTENING Turn to page 1 in your test. Look at the pictures in the boxes. 1. Write the number 1 by the picture for LINEAR PATTERNS. 2. Write the number 2 by the picture for TABLES. 3. Write the number 3 by the picture for SEQUENCES. 4. Write the number 4 by the picture for GRAPHS. 5. Write the number 5 by the picture for ORDERED PAIRS. 6. Write the number 6 by the picture for QUADRILATERAL. 7. Write the number 7 by the picture for RECTANGULAR PRISM. SIGHT RECOGNITION Turn to page 2 in your test. Look at the pictures in the boxes. Circle the word for each picture. DECODING/ENCODING Turn to page 3 in your test. Look at the word parts in the boxes. Circle the other half or part of each word. READING COMPREHENSION Turn to page 4 in your test. Write each word under its definition. Refer to Student Support Materials for answer key. BASIC WRITING Turn to page 5 in your test. Look at the pictures in the boxes. Write the word for each picture. 390 Sealaska Heritage Institute Sealaska Heritage Institute 391 Teacher: To get a percentage for this student’s assessment, divide the total number of questions correct by the total number of questions, then multiply this answer by 100 to determine the percentage of questions answered correctly. 392 Sealaska Heritage Institute MATH PROGRAM Unit Assessment Student Pages Grade 8 l Unit 5 Date:___________ Student’s Name:____________________ Number Correct:__________ Percent Correct:__________ Sealaska Heritage Institute 393 394 Sealaska Heritage Institute 1 linear patterns linear patterns tables tables sequences sequences graphs graphs ordered pairs ordered pairs quadrilateral quadrilateral rectangular prism rectangular prism linear patterns linear patterns tables tables sequences sequences graphs graphs ordered pairs ordered pairs quadrilateral quadrilateral rectangular prism rectangular prism linear patterns linear patterns tables tables sequences sequences graphs graphs ordered pairs ordered pairs quadrilateral quadrilateral rectangular prism rectangular prism linear patterns tables sequences graphs ordered pairs quadrilateral rectangular prism 2 li____ patterns quadrilat____ ord____ pairs rectang____ prism ta____ nar ner nir nor nur near neer neir neor gr____ aral arel aril arol arul eral erel eril erol seque____ arad ared arid arod arud erad ered erid erod oolar ooler oolir oolor oolur ular uler ulir ulor 3 plas ples plis plos plus blas bles blis blos afs efs ifs of ufs aphs ephs iphs ophs ncase ncese ncise ncose ncuse ncas nces ncis ncos Order of events Increasing or decreasing by same amount Diagrams Give location of a point on a plane Polygon with 4 sides and 4 vertices Congruent rectangles on top and bottom Data arranged in rows and columns linear patterns tables sequences ordered pairs quadrilateral rectangular prism 4 graphs 398 Sealaska Heritage Institute 5
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