Subtrac on—Founda on Stage
Wri en Methods– Steps to success
Step 1: 1 more and 1 less to 5, then 10, then 20
Step 2: Subtrac ng two groups within 20
Beginning to read and
interpret number
sentences
Examples
Mental Maths
Coun ng on and back in 1’s
and 2’s.
9-3=
8-4=
1 more than 6
1 less than 7
Outcomes
Children use objects to subtract two singledigit numbers prac cally.
St. Mary’s and St. Peter’s Catholic Primary Calcula on Policy 2015.
Subtrac on— Year 1
Wri en Methods– Steps to success
Step 1: Take away using prac cal objects
Step 2: Take away on a numberline
(only when a child can count back verbally
from any number to 20)
Reading and using
number sentences
independently.
Take away using number track and number line
Within 10/Crossing 10 boundary/Within 20
Examples
Mental Maths
Number bonds to 20 and corresponding
subtrac on facts i.e.:
1) 10-4=
14+6=20 so 20-6=14
3) 20-20=
2) 18-5=
Begin to introduce finding the difference by
answering how many more/fewer has Amy
got than Ben?
Outcomes
Children read, write and interpret mathema cal statements involving subtrac on
(–) and equals (=) signs.
Children represent and use number bonds and related subtrac on facts within 20.
Children subtract one-digit and two-digit numbers to 20, including zero .
St. Mary’s and St. Peter’s Catholic Primary Calcula on Policy 2015.
Subtrac on— Year 2
Wri en Methods– Steps to success
Step 1: Take away using towers of 10 cubes , bundles of straws etc
Not crossing 10 boundary
35—23 =
Step 2 :Take away crossing 10 boundary using prac cal equipment like unbundling straws to create 10 ones e.g. 61—28 =
Difference step 1 :
Using equipment then
Count up from
numbered number lines to find how many more / how the smaller
number.
many fewer ?
Mental Maths
•
Subtrac on facts to 20
i.e. 14+6= 20 so 20-6=14
•
Related facts to 100
i.e. 60+40=100 so 100-40=60
Exemplifica on
Numbers to 100 but no carrying in year 2 at all
Subtracting ten from a number (base ten,
straws etc)
Subtracting a two digit number from another
two digit number using base ten/equipment
Outcomes
Children recall and use addi on and subtrac on facts to 20 fluently, and derive and use
related facts up to 100 .
Children subtract numbers using concrete objects, pictorial representa ons, and
mentally, including: A two-digit number and ones , a two-digit number and tens ,
two two-digit numbers,
St. Mary’s and St. Peter’s Catholic Primary Calcula on Policy 2015.
Subtrac on— Year 3
Wri en Methods– Steps to success
Take away Step 1:
Towers of 10 cubes, base 10, straws etc all laid out in columns, leading to for-
mal wri<en method of decomposi on. No ce that only the whole amount is made from equipment.
Difference Step 1
67—48 =
Children make choices based on the
numbers. Take away or difference?
+10
+2
0
48
50
+7
60
67
Exemplifica on
Mental Maths
Subtract 2X 2 digit numbers with decomposion
Subtract mentally in 1’s, 10’s, 100’s
654-3=
Subtract 3 digit numbers with no decomposion
654-30=
Subtract 3 digit numbers with decomposi on.
654-300=
Children begin to find the difference
as a mental method by coun ng up.
Outcomes
Children subtract numbers mentally, including:
a three-digit number and ones
a three-digit number and tens
a three-digit number and hundreds
Children subtract numbers with up to three digits, using formal wri<en methods of
columnar subtrac on
St. Mary’s and St. Peter’s Catholic Primary Calcula on Policy 2015.
Subtrac on— Year 4
Wri en Methods– Steps to success
Take away Step 1: Subtrac on up to 4 digits
with decomposi on. Model with base 10 equipment.
Take away Step 2: Formal Wri
en with different amount of digits.
Use base 10 to model.
134 — 43 =
Mental Maths
Calculate mental differences where the
numbers are close together.
Recapping prior learning:
Number bonds to 10, 20 and 100
Subtract numbers mentally, including:
a three-digit number and ones
Exemplifica on
Go back to using models and
images at any stage if the
children don't grasp the concept.
a three-digit number and tens
a three-digit number and hundreds
a four digit number and thousands
Outcomes
Children subtract numbers with up to 4 digits using the formal
wri<en methods of columnar subtrac on where appropriate.
St. Mary’s and St. Peter’s Catholic Primary Calcula on Policy 2015.
Subtrac on— Year 5
Wri en Methods– Steps to success
Step 2: Decomposi on with
decimals. Use money to
model. Note: only make the
whole amount.
Step 1: Decomposi on
Exemplifica on
Mental Maths
To know sums and differences of decimals to one decimal place
To know doubles and halves of decimals to one decimal place.
To know what must be added to any four digit number to make
the next multiple of one thousand
To know what must be added to a decimal with units and tenths
to make the next whole number
To perform mental calculations with mixed operations and large
numbers (e.g. 450 x 2 – 47=)
To know what must be added to a decimal with units, tenths and
hundredths to make the next whole number
Calculate mental differences where the numbers are close
Subtrac on using more than 4 digits and/or
decimals
1)
subtrac on to 2 decimal places
2)
3)
4)
5)
Mixed numbers up to 4 digits
3 digit including decmials
4 digit including decimals
Any number
together.
Outcomes
Children subtract whole numbers with more than 4 digits, including
using formal wri<en methods (columnar addi on and subtracon) .
Children subtract numbers mentally with increasingly large numbers.
St. Mary’s and St. Peter’s Catholic Primary Calcula on Policy 2015.
Subtrac on— Year 6
Wri en Methods– Steps to success
Step 1: Decomposi on using mixed numbers and
decimals to 3 places. Use equipment to model.
Base 10 and money.
Exemplifica on
Mental Maths
To know sums and differences of decimals to one decimal place
To know doubles and halves of decimals to one decimal place.
To know what must be added to any four digit number to make
the next multiple of one thousand
To know what must be added to a decimal with units and tenths
to make the next whole number
To perform mental calculations with mixed operations and large
numbers (e.g. 450 x 2 – 47=)
To know what must be added to a decimal with units, tenths and
hundredths to make the next whole number
Calculate mental differences where the numbers are close
Subtrac on using more than 4 digits and/or
decimals
1)
subtrac on to 2 decimal places
2)
3)
4)
5)
Mixed numbers up to 4 digits
3 digit including decimals
4 digit including decimals
Any number
together.
Outcomes
Children subtract whole numbers with more than 4 digits, including using
formal wri<en methods (columnar addi on and subtrac on) .
Children subtract numbers mentally with increasingly large and small
numbers.
St. Mary’s and St. Peter’s Catholic Primary Calcula on Policy 2015.