Let´s learn about
MACHINES
Nombre: ………………………………………………………………………………………….
Curso : ……...
Colegio: CEIP Europa
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
1. MACHINES
In our houses, for example, we have radios,
televisions, fridges, washing machines, dishwashers,
cd players, dvd, computers ... all of them help us to
make our work easier and we cannot imagine to live
without them.
Machines help us to make our
work easier
1.1. What is a machine?
A machine is an object that helps us to do
many things better
For example, with scissors it is very easy to cut
a sheet.
1.2. Why are machines important?
Machines make our work easier because:
- They perform certain tasks in less time.
- Machines help us to safe effort.
- They perform tasks with precision.
- They help us to perform dangerous tasks.
- Machines can transform some types of energy
Machines perform tasks with
precision
in others.
• A machine is an object that helps us to do many things better.
• Machines make our work easier
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
2
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
ACTIVITIES
1. Write true or false.
• Machines help us to study a lot. ________
• A machine makes our work easier. ________
• Some machines perform tasks with precision. ________
• An apple is a machine. ________
• A machine is an object that helps us to do many things better. ________
• In our houses there are some machines. ________
2. Write the correct words under the machines.
iron - printer – camera – telephone – TV set – fridge – lamp –
computer – vacuum cleaner - microwave - washing machine – radio
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
3
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
3. Answer the questions about the activity before.
a) Which one do you have at home?
b) Which one do you use?
c) Which do you like the most?
d) How do you think which is the most important?
a) ____________________________________________________
b) ____________________________________________________
c) ____________________________________________________
d) ____________________________________________________
4. Think about two machines you can find at home, draw and write.
It is a telephone, it is used for calling people
It is a ………………. ….. , it is used for
It is a ………………. ….. , it is used for
…………………………………………..…………….
…………………………………………..…………….
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
4
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
2. TYPES OF MACHINES
a) Depending on the number of pieces:
- Simple machines: They are made up of
few pieces. A puley, a wheel, an inclined plane
and a lever are simple machines.
- Complex machines: They are made up of
We use a ramp to lift heavy objects
various simple machines joined together. A
car, a phone and a computer are complex
machines.
We move from place to place by car,
bus, plane...
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
5
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
B) Depending on the energy they use:
- On some machines the energy comes from a
person.
Example: A man carrying a wheel barrow.
- In other cases, it is used the energy from the
sun and wind.
A sailing ship use energy from
the sun and wind
Example: A sailing ship.
- Many machines around us work thanks to
electricity.
Example: A fridge.
- Other machines use fuel.
Example: A car.
A fridge use electricity
People in wheelchairs need
ramps
C) Depending the use:
- Mechanical machines:
Mechanical machines are used to move or lift heavy
objects or to produce movement. Many mechanical
A mixer
machines, such as a stapler are manual. Others, such as
a mixer are automatic and use electricity or fuel.
- Heat engines: These machines are used for heating
and cooling.
A heat machine
- Machines to communicate and handle information:
Electricity, electronics and information technology have
created machines to communicate and create sounds,
A computer
videos, texts, photos …
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
6
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
ACTIVITIES
5. Classify these machines into simple and complex machines.
wheel
shovel
bike
computer
lever
washing
machine
hammer
dvd
pulley
fridge
wrench
SIMPLE MACHINES
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
motorbike
COMPLEX MACHINES
7
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
Now talk to your partners about it.
For example: A fridge is a complex machine. It is made up of various pieces.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. What type of electricity is necessary for these machines to
work?
MOTO
PICK
SAILING BOAT
TOOTHBRUSH
WINDMILL
STEAM TRAIN
TOASTER
- THE ENERGY FROM A PERSON:
-THE ENERGY FROM THE SUN AND WIND:
- ELECTRICITY:
- FUEL:
7. Complete the scheme:
TYPES OF MACHINES
DEPENDING
ON THE
NUMBER OF
PIECES
DEPENDING ON
THE ENERGY WE
USE
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
8
DEPENDING
ON THE USE
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
7. Watch the video and answer the questions:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ByLXZCP4ixc
a.- What is the video about?
________________________________________________________
b.- What types of simple machines have you listened?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
c.- Have you listened a complex machine
__________________________________________________________________
d.- Complete the sentence:
_________________________________________ make our daily routines easier.
e.- What type of simple machine is a slide?
__________________________________________________________________
f.- Name the following objects:
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
9
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
3. SIMPLE MACHINES
3.1. The Pulley
A pulley is a mobile wheel with a slot in which a
rope or chain is inserted through. The pulley allows us
to lift a heavy object in a easier way. The object is
putted on one end of the rope or chain and someone
A crane has many pulleys and
lifts very heavy objects.
pulls from the other end.
When various pulleys are combined you can lift
very heavy objects without force. For example, in
order to lift very heavy objects, you can use a crane
which combines many pulleys.
3.2. The Lever
force
A lever is a rigid bar that has different forms
force
and helps us to do different things. On one part of the
bar you exert a force and at another part of the bar
you put a weight that needs to be lifted, needs to be
Point of support
caught, opened etc. Pliers, a nutcracker, or tongs are
examples of levers.
3.3. The Inclined Plane.
An inclined plane is a ramp with certain
slopes. It is used to lift or lower heavy objects with
less effort than if we pull from them directly.
Many mountains roads are
inclined planes
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
10
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
4. Tools.
Tools are machines that are used by
carpenters, electricians, mechanics, and many
other professions. For example, carpenters use saws,
hammers, staplers, etc. Mechanics use wrenches and
screwdrivers.
Some tools, like a hammer, are simple machines.
A hammer is used in different
jobs
Other tools are machines composed of more parts and
are complex machines.
•
Some machines require a person to work ( a hammer, a bike, a carriage, a
screw...) and others need electr¡city or fuel ( a car, a ventilator, a
computer...).
•
Examples of simple machines are the pulley, the lever and the inclined plane.
•
The pulley helps us to lift heavy objects.
•
A lever is a rigid bar that has different forms and helps us to do different
things.
•
An inclined plane is a ramp with certain slopes which it is used to lift heavy
objects with less effort.
•
Tools are machines that are used in different jobs.
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
11
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
ACTIVITIES
8. Complete this chart about simple machines:
NAME
CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLE
9. What machines are they? Use your dictionary if necessary.
___ SHOVEL
___ VAN
___ PULLEY
___ MOBILE PHONE
___ WATCH
___ PLIERS
___ TOASTER
___ SCREWDRIVER
___WRENCH
___ DRILL
___ COMPUTER
___ SAW
___ DVD PLAYER
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
___ HAMMER
12
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
10. Complete this crossword.
- dishwasher
- segway
- laptop
- robot
- palmtop
- juicer
- dvd player
- calculator
- mobile phone
- digital camera
- microwave oven - vacuum cleaner
- headphones
11. Read and find out. What is it?
•
It helps us to lift heavy objects. _____________
•
It is a rigid bar that has different forms and helps us to do different things.
_____________
•
It is a ramp with certain slopes which it is used to lift heavy objects with less
effort. _____________
12. Match.
Wheel
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
Lever
Pulley
13
Inclined plane
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
13. Cut out and paste. Sort the items by their category and trace the
words.
Tools
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
Machines
14
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
14. Read and match.
It´s used for cooking
…………………..
It´s used for ironing the clothes
…………………..
It´s used for cutting
…………………..
It´s used for fixing a nail
…………………..
It´s used for washing the clothes
…………………..
4. Machines from long ago
THE WATERWHEEL
The waterwheel is a machine that is used to work
machinery and to raise water from a lower location. It
has two wheels and several axels.
THE MILL
The mill is a compound machine that grinds the
grain of some plants and converts them into flour. Mills
also have axels and wheels.
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
15
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
THE PRINTING PRESS
The printing press is a compound machine that we
use
to
reproduce
books.
It
was
invented
by
Gutenberg. With the printing press, it was easy to
make copies and many more people started to buy
them and read.
THE STEAM ENGINE
The steam engine is a complex machine that is
powered by water vapour.
The
steam
engine
was
important
in
the
development of industry and transport because it was
used to build other machines, like locomotives and
ships.
ACTIVITIES
15. Answer the questions.
a.What is the printing press used for?
________________________________________________________
b.Who was invented by?
________________________________________________________
c. Why it is so important?
________________________________________________________
d. What machine is powered by water vapour?
________________________________________________________
e. What machine convert the grains of some plants into flour?
________________________________________________________
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
16
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
16. Write the names.
17. Look and say.
cable
keyboard
microphone
monitor
mouse
printer
scanner
speaker
system unit
webcam
joystick
2
1
7
5
6
10
8
3
9
11
4
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
17
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
18. Match the verbs on the left with the words on the right.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
insert
send
surf
click on
print
delete
save
install
the internet
a program
an icon
the changes
a floppy disc
a copy
a file
an e-mail
THINK
AND
MATCH!!
19. Find the parts of a computer.
S
C
A
B
L
E
K
B
H
W
U
J
O
L
K
C
X
S
P
E
A
K
E
R
B
V
J
X
C
S
A
Z
Y
Q
W
B
N
J
M
O
H
U
V
F
E
B
S
W
C
H
P
O
Y
M
O
N
I
T
O
R
T
A
N
R
U
S
G
H
V
D
R
A
T
U
M
L
I
S
T
P
L
M
I
C
R
O
P
H
O
N
E
I
C
V
N
M
B
D
H
J
K
Y
T
O
C
S
Y
S
T
E
M
U
N
I
T
E
B
K
C
V
R
T
S
C
A
N
N
E
R
W
20. Think and write. What machines would you use to...?
•
Cut out a paper. _________________________
•
Take water from a well. _________________________
•
Access to a building in wheelchair. _________________________
•
Communicate with a friend. _________________________
•
Carry the shoppings to home. _________________________
•
Travel to another country. _________________________
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
18
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
21. Choose the correct options and make sentences.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
□ more difficult □ easier
To lift heavy objects you can use a □ crane or ramp □ car o bus
Complex machines are made up of □ complex tools □ simple machines
A computer is a □ simple machine □ complex machine
A fridge works with □ electricity □ fuel
A rigid bar that has different forms is a □ lever □ pulley
A inclined plane is a □ ramp □ house
Machines help us to make work
22. Listen and complete.
A ………………………….. is an object that helps us to do many things better.
Machines make our …………………………. easier because. There are different types of
machines depending on the …………………………. of pieces we find simple and
…………………………. machines, depending on the …………………………. they use and
depending on the use: mechanical machines, …………………………. machines and
machines to
………………………….. There
are
three …………………………. machines:
…………………………., …………………………. and inclined plane.
23. Ask and answer. Pair work.
- I´m Albert
- I´m 9
- There are a fridge, two
televisions, a computer…
- My favourite machine is my
computer, I love it!
- What´s your name?
- How old are you?
- What machines are there in
you house?
- What´s your favourite
machine?
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
19
rd
Level 3
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)
24. Choose a machine and write about it.
1. Find photos on the Internet, in magazines, etc... about a machine.
2. Write about it (how it works, type of machine, what it is used for...)
3. Decorate it.
4. Talk to your partners in the class.
RADIO
This is a radio.
It is a complex machine.
It was invented by Marconi.
It is made of metal.
It works with electricity.
It give us information.
It is very useful. It is a fantastic invent!!
23. What can you do? Cross
.
Hello, my friends!! Read
and write a cross.
Do you recognize and understand some oral expressions
and words related to machines and technologies?
¿Reconoces algunas palabras y expresiones orales relacionadas
con las máquinas y las tecnologías?
Can you read information about machines and
technologies and understand the most important
information?
¿Puedes leer información sobre las máquinas y las tecnologías y
comprender la información más relevante?
Can you speak about machines?
¿Puedes hablar sobre las máquinas?
Do you talk to your classmates about machines and their
importance?
¿Hablas con tus compañeros/as acerca de las máquinas y su
importancia?
Can you write and make projects in about machines?
¿Puedes escribir y realizar proyectos sobre las máquinas?
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
20
rd
Level 3
Fridge:
Sun:
Dishwasher:
Wind:
Washing machine:
Sailing ship:
To make:
Electricity:
To work:
Fuel:
Easier:
To use:
Without:
Mechanical:
To live:
Heat:
Machine:
To communicate:
To help:
Slot:
Better:
Rope:
Scissors:
Heavy:
To cut:
Force:
Sheet:
Crane:
To perform:
Rigid:
To safe:
Bar:
Effort:
To exert:
Task:
Weigh:
To transform:
Pliers:
Energy:
Nutcrackers:
Simple:
Ramp:
Complex:
Effort:
To make up:
To pull:
Few:
Saw:
Pieces:
Hammer:
Pulley:
Tong:
Wheel:
Waterwheel:
Inclined plane:
Mill:
Lever:
The printing press:
Axle:
The steam engine:
Screw:
To build:
To come from:
Locomotive:
By Miguel A. Cabo Sánchez
21
C.E.I.P. Europa (Almería)