South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
PEANUTDISEASEMANAGEMENT
DanAnco,ExtensionPeanutSpecialist
SeedlingDiseases:
Allpeanutseedshouldbetreatedwithafungicidetoreducetheincidenceofseed‐transmittedandsoilborne
seedling diseases such as Aspergillus crown rot, Cylindrocladium, Pythium and Rhizoctonia. Dynasty PD
(mefenoxam+fludioxonil+azoxystrobin),RanconaVPD(ipconazole+carboxin+metalaxyl),VitavaxPC
(Captan+PCNB+carboxin),TrilexStar(Captan+trifloxystrobin+metalaxyl+thiophanate‐methyl),and
TrilexOptimum(Captan+trifloxystrobin+metalaxyl)seedtreatmentsarealleffectiveinreducingseedling
diseaseandprotectingstandcounts.Adequatestandcountsreducetheriskoftomatospotwiltvirus.
Tomatospottedwiltvirus(TSWV):
Thisvirusistransmittedtopeanutsbythrips,primarilytobaccothrips.TSWVstuntsplants,reducesyield
and causes shriveled, misshapen pods. All peanut fields in S. C. are vulnerable to yield loss from TSWV
regardlessofwhetherthefarmhasanyhistoryofpeanutproduction.
A6‐stepprogramisrecommendedtoreduceTomatoSpottedWilt:
UsingmoreofthesetogetherwillimprovechancesofminimizingTSWVriskandyieldloss.
1. Varietal Resistance – Varieties with partial resistance to TSWV are listed in the variety
characteristicchartofthepeanutproductionguide.Novarietyisimmune.
2. PlantingDateWindow–Earlyplanting(LateApril–10May)hasgreaterriskofvirusinfection,
butwithlargeacreage,wemuststartplantingthefirstweekofMay.Lateplanting(1June)may
alsoincreasevirusrisk.
3. PlantPopulation/SeedingRate–Thegoalisauniformlyemergedstandof4plants
perrowft.Plant6seeds/rowft(oratleast5/rowftforlargeseededVirginiatypes)intogoodsoil
moisture.Uniformemergenceandvigorousearlygrowthreducevirusrisk.
4. InsecticideTreatment–Applyin‐furrowtreatmentsofThimet20G(4.7lb/Aon38”rows)toall
fields.Seeinsecticidetableforphorateratesbyrowspacing.AdmirePro(10flozin‐furrow)or
VelumTotal(18floz/A)tankmixedwithinoculantisanalternativeforpreventingthripsstunting
under low virus risk (e.g., Bailey, Sugg). However, imidacloprid (Admire Pro or Velum Total)
usuallyincreasesseverityofvirusinfections.
Ifthripsarestuntingpeanutseedlings,treatimmediatelywithacephate:Orthene75S(0.5‐1.0
lb/A)orOrthene97SP(6‐12oz/A).
5. Strip‐tillage–Surfacecropresiduereducesthenumberofthripslandinginpeanutfields,inturn
reducingvirusinfection.
6. Twin‐row planting – faster ground cover reduces virus risk. Twin‐row planting requires a
specializedplanter.
TomatoSpottedWiltmanagementismostlyoverwhentheplanterleavesthefield.
190 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
LateLeafSpot:
FoliardiseasecontrolprogramsforS.C.aretargetedprimarilyatlateleafspot(Cercosporidiumpersonatum)
becausethisdiseasemostconsistentlycauseseconomicloss.Lateleafspotsporescanbecarriedformany
milesinthewindandthereforeanyfieldisatsomeriskregardlessofpeanuthistory.However,fieldhistory
greatlyaffectslateleafspotriskbecauseleafspotsporespersistonpeanutresidueinthesoil.Allfieldsshould
berotatedoutofpeanutforaminimumoftwoyearstoreducelateleafspotpressure.Adjacentfieldswhich
hadpoorlateleafspotcontrolattheendofthepreviousseasoncanalsobeasourceofsignificantinfection,
especiallyifupwind.Fortunately,otherrowcropsandweedsarenotsignificanthostsforlateleafspot.Late
leafspotisdiagnosedbytheblacksporesontheundersideofdarkbrowntoblacklesionsonleaves.Yellow
halosmayormaynotsurroundlateleafspotlesions.
Other foliar fungal diseases include early leaf spot, pepper spot, web blotch and rust. There are also
several physiological leaf spot symptoms which commonly occur, often in response to stress, such as
“irregularleafspot”.Physiologicalleafspotsdonotrespondtofungicidesandcanbedifficulttodistinguish
from fungal diseases in the field. The best and simplest management approach is that if our fungicide
programisgoodenoughtopreventthemostcommonandaggressivedisease(lateleafspot),thenwewill
usuallybeOKontheotherfoliardiseases.
Riskfactorsforlateleafspot:
 Shortrotations(lessthan2yearsoutofpeanuts)
 Highlysusceptiblevariety(e.g.,Champs,Georgia13M,Gregory,Spain,TUFRunner511)
 Lateplanting(May26andlater)
 Poorcontrolofvolunteerpeanutsinrotationalcrops
 Poorendofseasoncontroloflateleafspotinanadjacentupwindfieldthepreviousyear
 Startingfungicideprogramsanylaterthan45DAP;betteralittleearlythanlate
 Extendingsprayintervalsbeyond15days
 Repeated,frequentperiodsofleafwetness:excessiverain,frequentirrigation
 Rainoffimmediatelyafterapplication–wait24htoirrigate
 Consecutiveuseoffungicideswiththesamemodeofaction(exceptchlorothalonil)
ImportanceofChlorothalonil(Bravoandgenerics):Chlorothalonilisthefoundationofpeanutleafspot
controlprogramsbecauseitistheonlyproductproventohavemultiplemodesofactiontoreducetherisk
ofdevelopingleafspotresistance.Multiplesequentialchlorothalonilapplicationshavebeenusedforover40
yearswithoutresistancedevelopment.Alternatingortankmixingchlorothalonilwithotherproductscan
delaydevelopmentofresistancetowardsthosealternativecompounds.Chlorothalonilinthelastspray(105
or120DAP)canalsohelppreventresistantleafspotstrainsfromoverwinteringandcausinginfectioninthe
followingyear.
Alternative to Calendar Spray Programs: An alternative to calendar‐based leaf spot sprays is to spray
basedonweather.Generalrulesforweather‐basedapplicationare:Firstspray:treatwhen5dailyrainevents
(>0.1”)haveoccurredsincecracking.Eachsubsequentspray:wait10dayssincethelastapplication,then
treatwhenever2rainsoccurafterthe10‐dayinterval.However,underS.C.conditions,theimportanceof
applyingpreventativesoildiseasetreatmentsbeforeraineventshasmadecalendar‐basedprogramsmore
effectiveformostgrowers.
SlowingaGrowingLeafSpotEpidemic:Effectivefungicideprogramsaredesignedtopreventdisease,not
“cure”itafterthefact.Ifsomethinggoeswrongandyoufindlateleafspotlesionsinthebottomofthecanopy
(particularly with > 30 days until harvest) treat immediately with Topsin 4.5FL 10 fl oz + 1.5 pt Bravo,
ProvostOpti10.7oz+Bravo1.5pt,orPriaxor8floz.Retreatin10days.
191 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
WhiteMold:
Whitemold(Sclerotiumrolfsii)isthemostconsistentlydamagingsoildiseaseunderS.C.conditions.This
fungus invades peanut lateral branches in contact with the soil, as well as pods and pegs. White mold
infectionsaredrivenprimarilybyhighsoiltemperaturesandhumidity.Dryweatheroffersnoprotection
fromwhitemold.Droughtcanpreventinfectionfrombeingnoticedaboveground,butinfectionunderground
on pegs and pods can continue where it may not be noticed until harvest. Our most severe white mold
outbreaksoftenoccurunderdroughtwithexcessivecanopytemperatures.
Symptomsincludedarkbrownlesionsonstemsandpods,rottedpodsandpegs,wiltingofindividualor
multiplestemsandplantdeath.Unlessseverelyinfected,taprootsgenerallyremainintactandflexiblewith
whitemold,whereasCBRinfectiondecaystaprootsmuchquicker.
Signs:MyceliumofS.rolfsiiiswhiteandproducesafan‐likegrowthasitspreads.Therestingstageofwhite
mold(sclerotia)persistsinthesoilfromyeartoyearmakingrotationoutofhostcrops(peanut,soybeanand
other legumes including many weeds) highly important. Sclerotia are small (< 5/64” = 2 mm), round
structuresthatareinitiallywhiteandlaterbecometantodarkbrown.Withamplemoisture,sclerotiacanbe
found on infected peanut tissues or leaf litter. Note: A similar looking fungus, false white mold
(Phanerochaete),alsoproduceswhitemyceliumandcanbefoundinpeanutfields.Falsewhitemolddoesnot
producesclerotiaanddoesnotdamagepeanuts;ifitisfoundonpeanutsandscrapedaway,tissuebeneath
itwilllookhealthy.
Riskfactorsforwhitemold:
 Peanutorsoybeanhistory
 Lessthan2yearsrotatedoutofpeanut,soybeanorotherlegume
 Any variety other than Bailey, Sullivan, Sugg, Wynne or Georgia 12Y should be considered highly
susceptible. Georgia 07W and TUFRunner 511 also show some tolerance though not as good as the
previousgroup.
 Earlyplanting(firstweekofMayorearlier);delayingplantinguntilmid‐Maymayhelpsuppresswhite
moldduetohigherseedlingsoiltemperaturesandfasterearlyrootgrowth
 Lackofrainpreventingfungicidefrombeingwashedintothesoil
 Extended,unusuallyhottemperaturesinJulyandAugust
Varietyresistance(particularlyBailey,Sugg,SullivanandGeorgia12Y)isfarmoreeffectivethanany
chemicaltreatmentinsuppressingwhitemold.Thesevarietiestypicallycontrolwhitemoldwithstandard
fungicideprograms.
EarlySeasonBandedSprays:BandedapplicationofProline(38”rows:5.5floz/Ain20gal/Aon12”band)
ORElatus(38”rows:maximum8.9oz/Ain>10gal/A,7–10”band)topeanutseedlingsat21–35DAPcan
improve white mold control under extreme disease pressure. See table on Early Season Band Treatment
Options for row‐spacing banded rates. Note: In‐furrow fungicide treatments have not been effective in
suppressingwhitemold(seedetailsbelowregardingCBRcontrol).Seefollowingtablesforfungicideefficacy
andcomments.
Night/Pre‐Dawn Spraying: Peanut plants fold their leaves at night making it easier for soil fungicide
treatmentstoreachthebaseoftheplantandsoilsurface.Applyingwhitemoldtreatmentsatnighthasbeen
showntoincreasecontroleffectiveness,atleastunderseverewhitemoldpressure.IfBravo(anon‐systemic)
is being relied on for leaf spot control, control of this foliar disease may be reduced with night spraying
becauseofreducedleafcoverage.Forgrowersinterestedintryingnightapplications,werecommendthe60,
or60and75DAPtreatmentsaspriorities.
CylindrocladiumBlackRot(CBR):
CBRiscausedbyasoilfungus(Cylindrocladiumparasiticum)thatoccursinthesamefieldareasfromyearto
year,ofteninlowspots.CBRistransmittedfromfieldtofieldbycontaminatedseedandequipment.Rotation
192 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
(>2yearsoutofpeanutsandeliminationofsoybeanfromtherotation)andresistancearethebestdefenses
againstsevereCBR.Rotationalonewillnoteliminatesignificantinjury.
Symptomsandsigns:Whenfirstinfected,peanutplantscanturnlightgreenoryellow.AsCBRinfections
progress,peanutstemsorentireplantswiltandeventuallydie.CBRrotsroots,includingthetaproot,causing
themtoturnblackandfallapart(taprootsinfectedbywhitemoldremainintactandflexiblemuchlonger).
Underdrierconditions,symptomsofCBRinfectionmaybelimitedtochloroticyellowingandplantstunting.
Followingmoistconditions,brick‐redreproductivestructures(perithecia)mightappearoncrowns,lower
stems,pegsandpods.Infectedseedcandevelopcinnamon‐coloredspeckles(microsclerotia)onseedcoats
beforerotting.
RiskfactorsforCBR:
 ConfirmedhistoryofeconomicCBRlossinthefield
 Soybeanorpeanuthistory
 Shortrotationsoutofpeanut,soybeanorotherlegumes
 Poorlydrained,moreorganicsoilssuchasfoundinlowareasofafield
 AnyvarietyotherthanBailey,PerryorSugg(ChampsisparticularlysusceptibletoCBR)
 Lackofcontroloverseedsource(seedtransmission)
 Earlyplanting(April);delayingplantinguntilmid‐MaymayhelpsuppressCBRduetohigherseedling
soiltemperaturesandfasterearlyrootgrowth
CBRControl:
Variety resistance (Bailey) is far more effective than any chemical treatment in suppressing CBR.
BaileyoftenadequatelysuppressesCBRwithoutfumigationorin‐furrowfungicides.
OnsusceptiblevarietiesinfieldswithaprovenhistoryofCBRloss,usePropulse(13.6floz/A)ORProline
(5.7floz/A)in‐furrow(withinoculant),ORfumigatewithVapam(10gal/A).Vapammustbeshanked
intoabedat~10”depth14dayspriortoplanting.Soiltemperatureat4”depthshouldbeatleast60ºF.
Avoidfumigatingwhenthereisahighriskofheavyrain(>1.0”)within2days.Seethefollowingtablesfor
fungicideefficacyandcomments.
RhizoctoniaLimbRot:
RhizoctoniaLimbRotiscausedbynaturally‐occurringsoilfungi,Rhizoctoniaspp.(R.solani),thatcancause
lesionsandrotonlimbs/stems,leaves,pegsandpods.Lesionsonstemsarelighttodarkbrownandoften
haveatargetpattern.Densecanopiesandprolongedmoisture(irrigation)encouragesdiseasedevelopment.
Tractortrafficdamageincreasesoccurrenceoflimbrot.Managementrecommendationsaresimilarasfor
whitemold(seeDiseaseResponseChartforfungicideactivity).
WebBlotch:
Webblotch, caused byPhomaarachadichola,produceslesionson upperleafsurfaces.Symptomsstartas
small,tantodarkbrownblotcheswithirregularedgesornetlikegray‐brownlesionsthatcanbecomelarge
(0.5”)andcoverentireleaves.Olderlesionsdarkenandhaverough,dullsurfaces.Severeinfectionscause
leaves to become brittle, which can lead to substantial defoliation. Web blotch development favors cool,
moistconditionsandismorecommonunderirrigation.Manyofthefungicideseffectiveagainstlateleafspot
shareactivitytowardswebblotch(seeDiseaseResponseChartforfungicideactivity).
193 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
GeneralGuidelinesforFungicidePrograms:
 Begin leaf spot control absolutely no later than 45 DAP. For high risk situations such as highly
susceptible varieties (e.g., Gregory, Champs, Georgia 13M, TUFRunner 511), or short rotations,
particularlyunderirrigation,increaselateleafspotprotectionusingoneoftheoptionslistedinfootnotes
ofthefollowingtables.
 Apply a soil fungicide (see following disease control table) starting absolutely no later than 60
DAP.Whitemoldmustbeprevented,andhotweatheraccelerateswhitemoldgrowth.
 If premium fungicides (e.g., Elatus, Priaxor, Provost Opti) are substituted for basic tebuconazole +
chlorothaloniltreatment,prioritizetheirusestartingat60DAPratherthanlatertogetthemostpotential
forimprovedwhitemoldand/orleafspotcontrol.
 Soilfungicidesmustbewashedintothesoiltobeeffectiveagainstwhitemold,butwait24–48hbefore
irrigatingtoalsohelpcontrolleafspot.
 Exceptfortreatmentscontainingchlorothalonil(Bravo),donotmakeconsecutiveapplicationsof
thesamemodeofaction(MOA).Bravohasmultiplemodesofactionwhichhasallowedformanyyears
ofusewithoutleafspotresistance.Ineachfield,donotapplymorethanacombinedtotalof2strobilurin‐
containing products (Abound, Elatus, Evito, Headline, Priaxor or Stratego) in any growing season to
reduceriskofresistance.
 Never apply Topsin or tebuconazole alone, and do not make more than 2 tank‐mixed Topsin
applications per season. Topsin is very susceptible to development of resistance. Late leaf spot is
alreadyresistanttotebuconazole.
 Nofungicideprogramisfool‐proof.Spotcheckfieldsforleafspotandwhitemold,particularlyfrom60
DAPtotwoweeksbeforeanticipateddiggingdate.
 Afinalleafspotapplicationat105DAPisusuallyadequatetoprovidecontrolthroughatleasta135DAP
harvestdate,butcheckfieldsat120DAP.Ifleafspotispresenton5%oflowerleavesandharvestwill
bedelayed>135DAP,applyanadditionalchlorothaloniltreatment.Ifnoleafspotispresentandharvest
willbedelayed>145DAP,applyaninsurancetreatment.
PreventativeCalendarSprayPrograms:
Thekeytopeanutdiseasecontrolispreventingdiseasesfromgettingstarted.Thisistrueforbothsoil
and foliar diseases. Alternating or tank mixing different fungicide chemistries reduces the potential for
developingresistantstrainsofleafspotdiseases.Alternatingortankmixingfungicidesalsoprovidessome
insuranceagainstthefailureofoneproductalone.
Note:Thediseasecontrolprogramsonthefollowingpagesareguidelines.Timing(DAP=daysafterplanting)
shouldbemodifiedtoaccountforopportunitiestowashsoilfungicidesintothepeggingzoneifnoirrigation
isavailable.Underdroughtconditions,growershavetorelyonjudgmentofthe5‐dayweatherforecastto
decidewhentoapplyasoilfungicidebeforearain.
Ideally,fungicidetreatmentswouldbewashedintothesoilafter1–2daystogetbothmaximumfoliarand
soildiseasesuppression.
194 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
DISEASECONTROLPROGRAMOPTIONS
Bravo1.5pt
tebuconazole
7.2floz
+Bravo1.5pt
tebuconazole7.2
+Bravo1.5pt
tebuconazole7.2
+Bravo1.5pt
Substitute,
seebelow
Substitute,
seebelow
Substitute,
seebelow
Substitute,
seebelow
Substitute,
seebelow
tebuconazole7.2
+Bravo1.5pt
tebuconazole7.2
+Bravo1.5pt
tebuconazole7.2
+Bravo1.5pt
Substitute,
seebelow
tebuconazole7.2
+Bravo1.5pt
Substitute,
seebelow
Substitute,
seebelow
tebuconazole7.2 tebuconazole7.2
+Bravo1.5pt
+Bravo1.5pt
Bravo1.5pt
tebuconazole7.2
+Bravo1.5pt
tebuconazole
7.2floz
+Bravo1.5pt
Substitute,
seebelow
Substitute,
seebelow
Substitute,
seebelow
tebuconazole
7.2floz
+Bravo1.5pt
Substitute,
seebelow
Bravoforlatematuringpeanuts**
OptionalBravo(1‐1.5pt)(+Cadre)
forhighleafspotrisk
Ifpremiumfungicidesaresubstitutedforbasictebuconazole+chlorothalonil(genericFolicur+Bravo),
prioritizetheirusestarting60DAPratherthanlatertomaximizepotentialbenefits.
Treatmentoptionsandtiming(daysafterplanting)
30
45*
60*
75
90
105
120
*Underhighleafspotrisk(e.g.,verysusceptiblevariety,irrigatedorwithfrequentrain‐offandleaf
wetting,orlateplanting)useapremiumfungicidewithstrongleafspotactivityat60DAP;useof
additionalpremiumproductscanimprovemanagement.Sprayintervalscanbereducedto10daysfor
improvedleafspotcontrolunderfrequentrain‐offconditions.Makesureleafspotpreventionbegins
nolaterthan45DAPandsoilfungicideisappliednolaterthan60DAP.Whitemoldmustbe
prevented;hotweatherandaclosedcanopyinJul–Augaccelerateswhitemoldgrowth.Donotuse
surfactantsorcropoilwithfungicidesunlessnecessaryforherbicideperformanceintankmixes.The
goalistowashwhitemoldfungicidesintothesoil.Spraybeforeirrigationorrainwhenpossible.
**AnextralateseasonBravoapplicationmaybeneededforlatematuringpeanuts.Ifithasbeen15days
sincethelastapplicationandpeanutswillbedugwithinthenext25days,donottreatunless>5%of
leafletsinthebottomofthecanopyhavelateleafspotlesions.Neversprayfungicidewithin2weeksof
harvest–itisoff‐labelandistoolatetoaffectdefoliation.
Note:Useofchlorothalonilinthelastspray(105or120DAP)canhelppreventresistantleafspotstrains
thatmayhavedevelopedfromoverwinteringandcausinginfectioninthefollowingyear.
Thetreatmentsinthefollowingtablescanbesubstitutedfortebuconazole+Bravofrom60DAP
to105DAP.ExceptfortreatmentscontainingBravo(chlorothalonil),consecutiveuseofthesame
modeofaction(MOA)groupisnotrecommendedinordertodelayleafspotresistance.Bravohas
multiplemodesofactionandtherehasbeennoevidenceofresistancein40+yearsofuse.
MOA=FungicideResistanceActionCommittee(FRAC)ModeofActionGroup.Havingthesame
mode(s)ofactiondoesnotmeantreatmentsareequallyeffective.
Genericchlorothalonil,Tilt+Bravo,Topsin+Bravo,orotheralternatives(seeDiseaseControltable)can
besubstitutedforBravo.AvoidconsecutiveuseofthesameMOAifBravoisnottankmixed.
195 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
PEANUTDISEASECONTROL
FOLIARDISEASECONTROLONLY
(Earlyandlateleafspot,pepperspot,webblotch,rust)
Product
Rate/A
MOA*
Comments
BravoWeatherStik6SC(and
1.5pt
M5
Chlorothalonilproductsarepreventativeonlyagainst
chlorothalonilgenerics)
leafspotandrequireexcellentcoverage.
RustinfectionisratherrareinSCpeanutproduction,
butifrustisdetectedwithmorethan3weeksto
harvest,includechlorothalonilevery10daysuntil2
weeksbeforeharvest.
Bravo+
1pt+
M5+1 TopsinshouldonlybeusedinBravotankmixes.
Topsin4.5FLor
8‐10floz
Maximum2appl.perseason.
TopsinM70W
0.33‐0.5lb
Alto100SL+Abound2.08F
5.5floz+18floz
3+11 Systemictriazoleandstrobilurinactivity.
Elatus0.45WG
7.3‐9.5floz
7+11 Excellentleafspotactivity.Systemic.
ProvostOpti3.6
7‐8floz
3
Highlyeffectiveagainstsoilandfoliardiseases.
Priaxor4.17
4‐6floz
7+11 Systemicactivityagainstleafspot.
Bravo+Topguard
1pt+7‐14floz
M5+3 TopguardaddssystemicleafspotcontroltoBravo.
Absolute500SC
3.5floz
3+11 Systemictriazoleandstrobilurinactivity.
Headline2.08
6‐9floz
11
Highlysystemicandrain‐fast.Wemaybeseeingthe
reducedHeadline(strobilurin)effectivenessagainst
leafspotduetostrobilurinusepatterns.
Custodia2.67SC
15.5floz
3+11 Add1pt/ABravoforlateleafspotuse.Max2appl.
MuscleADV3.84
2pt
3+M5 Add0.5pt/ABravoforlateleafspotuse.
Elast400F
15floz
U12
Elastnotrecommendedonvarietieshighlysusceptible
toleafspot.
Stratego†
10‐14floz
3+11 Systemictriazoleandstrobilurinactivity.
TiltBravoSE4.3†
1.5pt
3+M5 TiltaddssomesystemicleafspotcontroltoBravo.Tilt
(jugmix)
mixesnotrecommendedforrust.
Product
Tebuconazole(generic
Folicur3.6)+Bravo
Convoy40SC+Bravo
Quash50WDG+Bravo
ProvostOpti3.6
Elatus0.45WG
Priaxor4.17
Fontelis1.67
Alto100SL+Abound2.08F
Propulse3.34
Evito480SC
Custodia2.67SC
MuscleADV3.84
Headline2.08
Artisan†+Bravo
FOLIARANDSOILDISEASECONTROL
(OtherthanCBR)
Rate/A
MOA*
Comments
7.2floz+1.5pt
3+M5 Tebuconazolealonenolongercontrolsleafspotor
webblotch.MustbetankmixedwithBravo.
13‐16floz+1.5pt 7+M5 MustbetankmixedwithBravoforadequateleafspot
control.Excellentwhitemoldsuppression.
4oz+1pt
3+M5 MusttankmixwithBravotomanageleafspot.
10.7floz
3
Highlyeffectiveagainstsoilandfoliardiseases.
7.3‐9.5floz
7+11 Excellentwhitemoldandleafspotactivity.
8floz
7+11 Systemicactivityagainstwhitemoldandleafspot.
16floz
7
Systemicactivityagainstwhitemoldandleafspot.
5.5floz+18floz
3+11 Erraticagainstwhitemold.Systemicforleafspot.
13.6floz
3+7
Systemicactivityagainstsoilandfoliardisease.
5.7floz
11
Strobilurinsaremoreerraticagainstwhitemold.
15.5floz
3+11 Add1pt/ABravoforlateleafspotuse.Max2appl.
2pt
3+M5 Add0.5pt/ABravoforlateleafspotuse.
12‐15floz
11
Highlysystemicandrain‐fast.Wemaybeseeing
reducedHeadline(strobilurin)effectivenessagainst
leafspotduetousepatternsofstrobilurins.Headline
erraticonwhitemoldduetorapiduptakeonleaves.
16‐20floz+1.5pt 7+M5 MustbetankmixedwithBravoforadequateleafspot
control.Excellentwhitemoldsuppression.
Checkwithyourbuyingpoint:peanutstreatedwithpropiconazolemaynotbeacceptedforinternationalexport(EuropeanUnion).
ExceptfortreatmentscontainingBravo(chlorothalonil),consecutiveuseofthesamemodeofaction(MOA)groupisnotrecommended
inordertodelayleafspotresistance.
†
*
196 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
PEANUTDISEASECONTROL(cont.)
EarlySeasonBandedTreatmentOptionsforImprovedWhiteMoldandLeafSpotManagement
Product
Rate/A
MOA
Comments
Elatus0.45WG
8.9oz
7+11 Recommendedasearlyseason(approximately21DAP)banded
(38”rows)
applicationforhighriskwhitemoldfields.Alsoprovidesearly
seasonleafspotcontrol.Applyinaminimumof10gal/A.Setband
widthat7–10”forsinglerows(twin‐rows:widenbandtocover
bothrows).
Bandedratesare0.5–0.65oz/1,000rowft,whichisequivalent
to8.7–9.5oz/Aon30”rows,7.3–9.4oz/Aon36”rows,and6.9
–8.9oz/Aon38”rows.Donotexceed9.5oz/A.
Proline480SC
5.5floz
3
Recommendedasearlyseason(21‐35DAP),highvolume(20
(38”rows)
gal/A)bandedapplication(upto12”band)forhighriskwhite
moldfields.Alsoprovidesextended(21day)earlyseasonleaf
5.7floz
spotcontrol.
(30”,36”
rows)
Bandedrateis0.4floz/1,000rowft(maximum5.7floz/A),
whichisequivalentto5.7floz/Aon30”or36”rowsand5.5fl
oz/Aon38”rows.
Prolinemustbeusedin‐furrowforCBRsuppression(see
below)andoverthetopforwhitemoldcontrol.
CBRCONTROL
Product
Rate/A
MOA
Comments
Proline480SC
5.5floz
3
Resistance:Baileyvarietyismoreeffectivethananychemical
(in‐furrow,suppression) (38”rows)
treatmentinreducingCBRlossandoftenprovidesadequate
controlwithoutfumigationorin‐furrowfungicidetreatment.
5.7floz
(30”,36”
CroprotationisextremelyimportantinreducingCBRrisk.
rows)
Delayingplantinguntilmid‐MaycansuppressCBRbyincreasing
soiltemp.
Prolineisappliedin‐furrowwithinoculant.In‐furrowrateis0.4
floz/1,000rowft(maximum5.7floz/A),equivalentto5.7floz/A
on30”or36”rowsand5.5floz/Aon38”rows.
Propulse3.34
13.6floz
3+7
Resistance:Baileyvarietyismoreeffectivethananychemical
(in‐furrow,suppression)
treatmentinreducingCBRlossandoftenprovidesadequate
controlwithoutfumigationorin‐furrowfungicidetreatment.
CroprotationisextremelyimportantinreducingCBRrisk.
Delayingplantinguntilmid‐MaycansuppressCBRbyincreasing
soiltemp.
Propulseisappliedin‐furrowwithinoculant.
VapamHL
10gal
NC
Resistance:Baileyvarietyismoreeffectivethananychemical
(metamsodium42%)
treatmentinreducingCBRlossandoftenprovidesadequate
controlwithoutfumigationorin‐furrowfungicidetreatment.
Vapammustbeshankedintothesoil(8”depth)andbeddedat
least14dayspriortoplanting.Soiltemperatureat4”depth
shouldbe60°F.Donotfumigatewhenrain(1.0”ormore)is
expectedwithin48hrs.
197 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
MOA*
Riskof
leafspot
resistance
Feedhay
PHI(days)
GUIDETOPEANUTFUNGICIDES
11
High
Y
14
3+
11
Already
resistant
+high
N
14
3
High
Y
30
7+
3
High
N
40
M5
Low
N
14
7
Low
N
40
3+
11
Already
resistant
+high
N
14
U12
Lowto
medium
Y
Carboxamide
(benzovindiflupyr)
+Strobilurin
(azoxystrobin)
Carboxamide
(boscalid)
7+
11
Medium
tohigh
7
Evito
Strobilurin
(fluoxastrobin)
Folicur/
generics
Triazole
(tebuconazole)
Product
Abound
Chemistry
Strobilurin
(azoxystrobin)
Absolute
Triazole
(tebuconazole)+
Strobilurin
(trifloxystrobin)
Triazole
(cyproconazole)
Benzamide
(flutolanil)+
Triazole
(propiconazole)
Chloronitrile
(chlorothalonil)
Alto
Artisan
Bravo/
generics
Convoy
(or
Moncut)
Custodia
Elast
Elatus
Endura
Benzamide
(flutolanil)
Triazole
(tebuconazole)+
Strobilurin
(azoxystrobin)
Guanidine
(dodine)
Strengths
Haswhitemoldactivity
andmaybethebest
Rhizoctoniamaterial.
Systemicleafspotand
webblotchactivity.
Systematicleafspot
activity.
Limitations
Erraticagainstestablished
whitemoldinfections75–
90DAP.MixwithAltoto
improveleafspotactivity.
Systematicleafspot
activity.
Excellentagainstwhite
moldandlimbrot,has
activityagainstearly
leafspot.
Lowcost,reliableleaf
spotcontrol.Multiple
modesofactionreduce
riskofleafspot
resistance.Canmake
multipleconsecutive
appl.
Excellentwhitemold
andRhizoctonia
activity.
Activityagainstfoliar
andsoildiseases.
Minimalifanysoildisease
control.
Willnotcontrollateleaf
spot,musttank‐mixwith
chlorothalonil.NoCBR
suppression.
Nosoildiseaseactivity.Not
curativeorsystemic.Less
effectivethanmany
systemicsonwebblotch.
Preventativeactivityonly
againstleafspot.
14
Leafspotalternativeto
Bravo.
Y
30
Medium
tohigh
N
14
11
High
Y
14
3
Already
resistant
N
14
Excellentlateleafspot
activity.Alternative
chemistryforbothleaf
spotandsoildisease.
Activityagainst
Sclerotiniablight(not
commoninSC).Good
leafspotactivity.
Performanceof5.7oz
similarto18oz
Abound.
Verycost‐effective
controlofwhitemold
andlimbrot.
LesseffectivethanBravo
forleafspotonhighly
susceptiblevarieties.No
soilefficacy.
Shouldbealternatedwith
MOAalternativeto
strobilurinand
carboxamide.
Inadequateagainstwhite
mold.
Lesseffectiveagainstwhite
mold.
Noactivityagainstfoliar
diseasesorCBR.Musttank‐
mixwithchlorothalonil.
NeedsBravotank‐mixfor
adequateleafspotcontrol.
Max2appl.recommended.
Performanceof5.7oz
similarto18ozAbound.
Noteffectiveagainstweb
blotch.Nolongereffective
againstlateleafspot;must
tank‐mixwithBravo.
*MOA=Modeofactiongroup.TreatmentswithoutBravo(chlorothalonil)thatsharethesameMOAshouldnotbe
usedconsecutivelytodelayleafspotresistance.Thereisnosingleperfectfungicide.Thebestprogramscombine
severalproductsthatcomplementeachothertominimizediseaseandresistanceriskatreasonablecost.
198 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
GUIDETOPEANUTFUNGICIDES(Cont.)
PHI(days)
Medium
tohigh
Y
14
Strobilurin
(pyraclostrobin)
11
High
N
14
Lorsban
15G
Organophosphate
(chlorpyrifos)
?
Low
N
21
Muscle
ADV
Triazole
(tebuconazole)+
Chloronitrile
(chlorothalonil)
Carboxamide
(fluxapyroxad)+
Strobilurin
(pyraclostrobin)
3+
M5
Already
resistant
+low
N
14
7+
11
Medium
tohigh
N
14
Chemistry
Carboxamide
(penthiopyrad)
Headline
Priaxor
Riskof
leafspot
resistance
7
Product
Fontelis
MOA*
Feedhay
Strengths
Excellentwhitemold
activityandeffective
againstleafspot.
Systemicleafspot
activityat6‐9oz,some
whitemoldactivityat
12‐15ozrates.Rapid
uptakeforsystemic
activityinleaves.
Whitemold
suppression.
Preventativecontrolof
soilinsects.
Activityagainstfoliar
andsoildiseases.
Limitations
Rotatewithalternative
chemistrytoreduceleaf
spotresistancerisk.
Whitemoldactivityerratic.
Leafspotactivityof
Headline(andother
strobilurins)mayhave
declined.Donotexceed2
strobilurinappl.perseason.
Causeswormandspider
miteoutbreaks.Requires
granularbandappl.
IncreasesRhizoctonialimb
rot.
NeedsBravotank‐mixfor
adequateleafspotcontrol.
Whitemoldandleaf
Maximumoftwoappl.per
spotactivityat8oz.
seasonrecommended.
Hasdemonstrated
excellentlateleafspot
control.
Proline
Triazole
3
Medium
N 14 Excellentleafspotand
Rotatewithalternative
(prothioconazole)
whitemoldactivityin
chemistrytoreduceleaf
earlyseasonband.CBR spotresistancerisk.
suppressionin‐furrow.
Propulse
Triazole
3+ Medium
N 14 Excellentleafspotand
Rotatewithalternative
(prothioconazole)
7
tohigh
whitemoldactivity.
chemistrytoreduceleaf
+Carboxamide
CBRsuppressionin‐
spotresistancerisk.
(fluopyram)
furrow.
Provost
Triazole
3
High
N 14 Highlevelofcontrolfor Triazolesvulnerabletoleaf
Opti
(prothioconazole+
majorfoliar(leafspot)
spotresistance.Mustbe
tebuconazole)
andsoil(whitemold,
rotatedortank‐mixedwith
Rhizoctonia)diseases.
otherchemistry.
Reformulatedfor
improvedtank‐mixing
compatibility.
Quash
Triazole
3
Medium
N 14 Effectiveagainstwhite
NeedsBravotank‐mixfor
(metconazole)
mold.
leafspotcontrol.
Stratego
Triazole
3+ Medium
Y 14 CombinationofTiltand Littleornowhitemold
(propiconazole)+
11
Flint–hasgood
activity.
Strobilurin
systemicactivity
(trifloxystrobin)
againstleafspot.
*MOA=Modeofactiongroup.TreatmentswithoutBravo(chlorothalonil)thatsharethesameMOAgroupshould
not be used consecutively to delay leaf spot resistance. There is no single perfect all‐around fungicide. The best
programscombineseveralproductsthatcomplementeachotherto minimizediseaseandresistanceriskatreasonable
cost.
199 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
GUIDETOPEANUTFUNGICIDES(Cont.)
3+
M5
Low
N
PHI
(d
)
Feedhay
Chemistry
Triazole
(propiconazole)+
Chloronitrile
(chlorothalonil)
Riskof
leafspot
resistanc
Product
TiltBravo
SE
MOA*
14
Strengths
Tilthasveryweakactivity
againstsoildiseasesand
Bravohasnone.Tiltalone
willnotcontrollateleaf
spot.
Topguard
Triazole
3
Medium
N
7 Systemicleafspot
Triazolesvulnerabletoleaf
(flutriafol)
control,activeagainst
spotresistance.Mustbe
whitemold.
rotatedortank‐mixedwith
otherMOA.
Topsin
Benzimidazole
1
Veryhigh Y 14 Topsinaddssystemic
Topsinalonevery
4.5FL
(thiophanate‐
activitytoBravo.Cost
susceptibletoresistance.
methyl)
effective,highrisk
Mustbetank‐mixedand
treatmentforleafspot. limitedtotwoapplications
peryear.Littleornosoil
activity.
Velum
Carboxamide
7
Medium
N 14 Providesin‐furrow
Lesseffectiveearlyseason
Total
(fluopyram)
tohigh
controlofthripsand
leafspotcontrolthan
nematodes.
bandedappl.ofProlineor
Elatus.Imidacloprid
componentoftenincreases
TSWVseverity.
*MOA=Modeofactiongroup.TreatmentswithoutBravo(chlorothalonil)thatsharethesameMOAgroupshould
notbeusedconsecutivelytodelayleafspotresistance.Thereisnosingleperfectall‐aroundfungicide.Thebest
programscombineseveralproductsthatcomplementeachothertominimizediseaseandresistanceriskatreasonable
cost.
200 Tiltaddssystemicleaf
spotcontroltoBravo’s
contactprotection.
Limitations
South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
DiseaseResponseChartforPeanutFungicides
Rate/A
18oz+
5.5oz
3.5‐7oz
5.5oz
16‐20oz
+1pt
1.5pt
Lateleafspot
V.Good
Whitemold
Good
Rhizoctonia
limbrot
Ex.
Cylindrocladium
blackrot(CBR)
Poor
Web
blotch
Good
Good/V.Good
Good/V.Good
V.Good
Poor
Fair/Poor
Ex.
Good?(7oz)
Fair/Poor?
V.Good
None
Poor
None
Good?
Good
Fair/Good
V.Good
None
None
None
Fair
13‐26oz
+1.5pt
5.7oz
15oz
7.3‐9.5oz
8‐10oz
16oz
7.2oz+
1‐1.5pt
6‐12oz
V.Good
Ex.
V.Good
None
Fair
Good/V.Good
Fair
Ex.
Good
V.Good
V.Good
Good
None
V.Good/Ex.
Fair
Ex.
V.Good
?
None
V.Good/Ex.?
?
V.Good/Ex.?
V.Good
Poor
None
Poor
Poor
Poor
Poor/Fair
Good?
None
Good
Good
?
Good?
Good/V.Good
Good/V.Good?
Poor
Ex.
V.Good
Fair(12‐15
oz)
Ex.
V.Good
None
Fair
V.Good/Ex.
(6‐8oz)
Ex.
Ex.
V.Good/Ex.?
(8oz)
V.Good
V.Good
Poor
Good?
5.7oz
13.6oz
Ex.(6‐8oz)
V.Good(4oz)
Ex.
Ex.
Good?
Good?
ProvostOpti
8‐10.7oz
V.Good/Ex.
V.Good
Quash+Bravo
3‐4oz+
1pt
10‐14oz
1.5pt
V.Good
V.Good(8oz)
Ex.(10.7oz)
V.Good
Good(in‐furrow)
V.Good/Ex.
(in‐furrow)
Poor/Fair
?
Poor?
Good?
Product
Abound+Alto
Absolute
Alto
Artisan1,2
+Bravo
Bravo
(orgenerics)
Convoy1+
Bravo
Evito
Elast3
Elatus
Endura
Fontelis
tebuconazole
+Bravo
Headline
Moncut
+Bravo
Priaxor
Proline
Propulse
0.5lb+
1.5pt
4‐8oz
Good?
Stratego2
V.Good
Poor
Good(14oz)
None
Good?
V.Good
Poor
Poor
None
Fair
TiltBravoSE
(orgenerics)2
Topguard
7‐14oz
Good/V.Good
Good
?
None
Good?
Topsin4.5FL4 8‐10oz+ V.Good/Ex.4
None
Fair?
None
Fair?
+Bravo
1.5pt
*Ratingsarebasedontherelativeperformanceofthelistedapplicationrates.Effectivediseasecontroland
resistancepreventionrequiresmultipleapplicationprogramswithacombinationofmaterials.None=no
control;Poor=lowlevelofcontrol;Fair=erraticcontrolorsuppressiononly;Good=controlstypicaldisease
pressure;V.Good=verygood:betterthanaveragediseasecontrol;Ex.=excellent:consistentsuperiorcontrol.
1ArtisanorConvoycanbeappliedupto32oz/Aformaximumwhitemoldcontrol,butbothmustbetank‐mixed
withBravooralternativeforleafspotcontrol.
2Checkwithyourbuyingpoint:peanutstreatedwithpropiconazolemaynotbeacceptedforinternationalexport
(EuropeanUnion).
3ElastisnotrecommendedforhighlysusceptibleVirginia‐typevarieties.
4Topsinishighlyeffectiveagainstleafspotasatank‐mixwithBravo.NeveruseTopsinalone,andneverexceed2
totalTopsinapplicationsperseason.
201