CBR INITIATIVE – FROM GAINFUL OCCUPATION TO EMPLOYMENT IN PROFESSIONS Dr. Bhushan Punani, Rehabilitation Advisor, CBM and Chairperson, ICEVI West Asia[1] INTRODUCTION Economic Rehabilitation does not mean: 1. A formal 1.A 2. Secured or 2.Secured 3. Regular employment 3.Regular only It also means: Any trade Economic activity or Profession In the organized or unorganized sector Any trade that provides monetary remuneration Or gainful occupation Employment Employment ignores ignores aa vital vital aspect aspect Community Community offers offers opportunities opportunities for for Absorbing Absorbing people people in in gainful gainful occupations occupations Rehabilitating Rehabilitating aa 50 50 year year old old lady lady in in aa village village Means Means making making her her aa fully fully functional functional In In her her own own house house Helping Helping her her to to take take care care of of household household activities activities As As used used to to perform perform prior prior to to her her disability disability WOMEN IN RURAL AREAS PERFORM ACTIVITIES: Cook meals Cook Perform household activities Perform Take care of children & Take elderly Fetch water & firewood Fetch Undertake rural occupations Undertake Important Pre -requisites Pre-requisites ¾ Confidence ¾Confidence ¾ Training to undertake production ¾Training ¾ Availability of raw material ¾Availability ¾ Ready market ¾Ready ¾ Directly contributing to family ¾Directly income ¾ Economic rehabilitation - ultimate ¾Economic goal of CBR Object vocational rehabilitation include: Traditional rural crafts Small businesses & petty shops Small co -operatives co-operatives Agriculture & horticulture Technical & professional activities Dairy & animal husbandry A A resource resource mapping mapping of of project project area area List List opportunities opportunities for for gainful gainful occupation occupation Involve Involve persons persons in in such such activities activities Method 1983: Nationwide Project on Gainful Occupation 270 blocks 8 Million population Livelihood - ultimate goal of any development program Every person to contribute to family income Support of INGOs Training of field staff Salaries & Travel and incidentals Support of Community ¾Local support ¾Logistic support ¾Community resources including 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Agriculture extension services Local craftsmen Existing co-operatives Rural banks Nationalized banks Micro credit agencies Craft training institutes Employment agencies Community development workers Community development services Subsidy schemes Training of Community Workers 1.Individual & family counseling, 2.Surgical, medical & therapeutic intervention 3.Assistive devices 4.Barrier free environment 5.Vocational training 6.Communication skills 7.Guided, supported & enabled to extend such 8.A matter of their right 9.Imparted orientation Specific Inputs for Economic Rehabilitation: I. Bank loan II. Micro Credit III. Subsidy IV. Launching grant V. Training in income generation VI. Employment promotion scheme VII. Schemes of Developmental Agencies VIII. Support of Local Administration IX. Support of Service Clubs X. Donations from philanthropists Monitoring of Performance a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k) Pre-program mapping Survey of area Initial assessment report Weekly review meetings Monthly Physical Performance Monthly Financial Performance Quarterly reports Case completion report Project completion report Collected at a central location Analyzed on regular basis Results >100,000 persons provided gainful occupation Contributory members of community Enrolment of 1000s children in regular schools Many pursuing higher education Professional training also Initiative on gainful occupation Emerging as a movement on employment in professions, formal jobs and self-employment Examples of Traditional Rural Crafts Carpentry, broom and basket making, poultry keeping, food processing, farming, knitting / sewing, bread making, dairy farming, forestry, brick making, pottery / selling pots, leaf plate making, bone setting, weaving, rope making, goat / sheep keeping, preaching, pump repairing, bicycle repair, fishnet making, duck keeping, petty shop-keeping, foot-wear making, inland fishing, sericulture, rice puffing, rice husking, bee keeping, rice processing, water hut, wick making, hide processing, skinning dead animals, coir products, fence fabrication, vegetable selling, incense stick making, candle making, mat weaving and block printing. Examples of Professional Activities: Due to introduction of school & higher education Professional training Now pursuing professional activities Impetus from national legislation Reservation of admissions to educational institutes Reservation in employment Examples: Offset printing, computer programming, stenography, telephone operating, hair and care, beautician, physiotherapy, office management, marketing, screen printing, painting, fashion design, solicitors, lawyers, judicial services, animation film making, playing music instruments, singing, tailoring, embroidery, public relations, teaching and hospital management etc. Shift from merely income generating activities to self employment to professional activities Now joining professional courses, engineering colleges, medical colleges, industrial training institutes, institutes of management courses at graduate, postgraduate & doctorate level. Discussion Any approach basic in nature Implemented over many years In a planned way Provides outstanding results CBR potential for providing basic gainful occupation Promotion equal opportunities in professional employment Focus is rehabilitation promotes appropriate education Results into formal employment & professional activities Inbuilt capacity to benefit persons As per their potential, socio-economic environment and individual capacity. Conclusion CBR encompasses health, education, inclusion & livelihood Ensuring acceptance in educational & professionals institutes Acceptance in a variety of professions Adopted in many countries in Africa, South Asia & South East Asia In consonance with CBR Matrix and CBR Guidelines (WHO) Conclusion Requires a shift from service delivery to right based approach From integration to inclusion From family participation to community ownership From providing gainful occupation to professional training From need-based training to empowerment of individuals.
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