cbr initiative – from gainful occupation to employment in professions

CBR INITIATIVE – FROM
GAINFUL OCCUPATION TO
EMPLOYMENT IN
PROFESSIONS
Dr. Bhushan Punani,
Rehabilitation Advisor,
CBM and Chairperson, ICEVI West Asia[1]
INTRODUCTION
Economic Rehabilitation
does not mean:
1.
A formal
1.A
2.
Secured or
2.Secured
3.
Regular employment
3.Regular
only
It also means:
Any trade
Economic activity or
Profession
In the organized or unorganized
sector
Any trade that provides
monetary remuneration
Or gainful occupation
Employment
Employment ignores
ignores aa vital
vital aspect
aspect
Community
Community offers
offers opportunities
opportunities for
for
Absorbing
Absorbing people
people in
in gainful
gainful occupations
occupations
Rehabilitating
Rehabilitating aa 50
50 year
year old
old lady
lady in
in aa
village
village Means
Means making
making her
her aa fully
fully
functional
functional In
In her
her own
own house
house
Helping
Helping her
her to
to take
take care
care of
of household
household
activities
activities
As
As used
used to
to perform
perform prior
prior to
to her
her disability
disability
WOMEN IN RURAL AREAS
PERFORM ACTIVITIES:
™
Cook meals
™Cook
™
Perform household activities
™Perform
™
Take care of children &
™Take
elderly
™
Fetch water & firewood
™Fetch
™
Undertake rural occupations
™Undertake
Important Pre
-requisites
Pre-requisites
¾
Confidence
¾Confidence
¾
Training to undertake production
¾Training
¾
Availability of raw material
¾Availability
¾
Ready market
¾Ready
¾
Directly contributing to family
¾Directly
income
¾
Economic rehabilitation - ultimate
¾Economic
goal of CBR
Object vocational rehabilitation
include:
Traditional rural crafts
Small businesses & petty shops
Small co
-operatives
co-operatives
Agriculture & horticulture
Technical & professional activities
Dairy & animal husbandry
‰
‰A
A resource
resource mapping
mapping of
of project
project area
area
‰
‰ List
List opportunities
opportunities for
for gainful
gainful occupation
occupation
‰
‰ Involve
Involve persons
persons in
in such
such activities
activities
Method
™ 1983: Nationwide Project on Gainful
Occupation 270 blocks
™ 8 Million population
™ Livelihood - ultimate goal of any
development program
™ Every person to contribute to family
income
Support of INGOs
ƒ Training of field staff
ƒ Salaries &
ƒ Travel and incidentals
Support of Community
¾Local support
¾Logistic support
¾Community resources including
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
Agriculture extension services
Local craftsmen
Existing co-operatives
Rural banks
Nationalized banks
Micro credit agencies
Craft training institutes
Employment agencies
Community development workers
Community development services
Subsidy schemes
Training of Community Workers
1.Individual & family counseling,
2.Surgical, medical & therapeutic intervention
3.Assistive devices
4.Barrier free environment
5.Vocational training
6.Communication skills
7.Guided, supported & enabled to extend such
8.A matter of their right
9.Imparted orientation
Specific Inputs for Economic
Rehabilitation:
I. Bank loan
II. Micro Credit
III. Subsidy
IV. Launching grant
V. Training in income generation
VI. Employment promotion scheme
VII. Schemes of Developmental Agencies
VIII. Support of Local Administration
IX. Support of Service Clubs
X. Donations from philanthropists
Monitoring of Performance
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
Pre-program mapping
Survey of area
Initial assessment report
Weekly review meetings
Monthly Physical Performance
Monthly Financial Performance
Quarterly reports
Case completion report
Project completion report
Collected at a central location
Analyzed on regular basis
Results
™ >100,000 persons provided gainful
occupation
™ Contributory members of community
™ Enrolment of 1000s children in regular
schools
™ Many pursuing higher education
™ Professional training also
™ Initiative on gainful occupation
™ Emerging as a movement on
employment in professions, formal jobs
and self-employment
Examples of Traditional Rural Crafts
Carpentry, broom and basket making, poultry
keeping, food processing, farming, knitting /
sewing, bread making, dairy farming, forestry,
brick making, pottery / selling pots, leaf plate
making, bone setting, weaving, rope making, goat
/ sheep keeping, preaching, pump repairing,
bicycle repair, fishnet making, duck keeping, petty
shop-keeping, foot-wear making, inland fishing,
sericulture, rice puffing, rice husking, bee
keeping, rice processing, water hut, wick making,
hide processing, skinning dead animals, coir
products, fence fabrication, vegetable selling,
incense stick making, candle making, mat
weaving and block printing.
Examples of Professional Activities:
™
™
™
™
™
™
Due to introduction of school & higher education
Professional training
Now pursuing professional activities
Impetus from national legislation
Reservation of admissions to educational institutes
Reservation in employment
™ Examples:
Offset printing, computer programming,
stenography, telephone operating, hair and care, beautician,
physiotherapy, office management, marketing, screen printing,
painting, fashion design, solicitors, lawyers, judicial services,
animation film making, playing music instruments, singing,
tailoring, embroidery, public relations, teaching and hospital
management etc.
™ Shift from merely income generating
activities to self employment to
professional activities
™ Now joining professional courses,
engineering colleges, medical colleges,
industrial training institutes, institutes of
management courses at graduate, postgraduate & doctorate level.
Discussion
™
™
™
™
™
™
™
™
™
™
Any approach basic in nature
Implemented over many years
In a planned way
Provides outstanding results
CBR potential for providing basic gainful occupation
Promotion equal opportunities in professional
employment
Focus is rehabilitation promotes appropriate
education
Results into formal employment & professional
activities
Inbuilt capacity to benefit persons
As per their potential, socio-economic
environment and individual capacity.
Conclusion
CBR encompasses health, education,
inclusion & livelihood
Ensuring acceptance in educational &
professionals institutes
Acceptance in a variety of
professions
Adopted in many countries in Africa,
South Asia & South East Asia
In consonance with CBR Matrix and
CBR Guidelines (WHO)
Conclusion
Requires a shift from service delivery
to right based approach
From integration to inclusion
From family participation to
community ownership
From providing gainful occupation to
professional training
From need-based training to
empowerment of individuals.