Answer key for Chapter 5 “The Chapter at a Glance”
Identifying People and Ideas:
1.
2.
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8.
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15.
Italian sailor who in 1492 reached the Americas, a continent unknown to European
soldiers and adventurers in search of glory, gold, and land
conquistador who conquered the Aztecs
Spanish explorer shipwrecked in Texas who wandered for several years among Indians
slave on the Narvaez expedition; killed during the Fray Marcos expedition
royal governor
Spanish conquistador who led an expedition through the American Southwest
Spaniard who founded the first Spanish settlement in New Mexico
Transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between continents
wild offspring of Spanish horses
Aztec wealth, lands; a new location from which to launch explorations
Cortes created first permanent settlement in Americas; Pineda created first map of Texas
Meeting of Narvaez expedition and Karankawas in 1528
To become wealthy; Fray Marcos de Niza, Coronado, De Soto and Moscoso
Gave Spain a claim to Texas and a buffer zone between Mexico and American Indians and other
Europeans to the north; ended because the Spanish found no great wealth there
16. Through the use of superior weapons and Indian allies
Effects Spanish Exploration had on Spain
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Established a claim to Texas
Gained knowledge about land and people of Texas
Gained new plants and animals from the Americas
Gained a buffer zone between Spanish settlement and American Indians/Europeans to the north
Lost equine (horse) military to the north
Conflict with Texas Indians
Effects Spanish Exploration had on American Indians
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gained new plants and animals from Europe, such as horses
rise of a Plains Indian horse culture
Plains Indians’ fighting and hunting abilities increased by horses
Many Texas Indian deaths from European diseases
Conflict with the Spanish
List the goals and results of each of the following expeditions:
Christopher Columbus (1492)
Goals: find an all-water route to Asia
Results: found the island of the Bahamas
Hernan Cortes (1519)
Goal: looking to expand wealth of Spain
Results: conquered the Aztec empire; set up the capital of New Spain on top of ruins of Tenochtitlan;
seized all the treasures (gold and silver) Moctezuma was offering for peace; defeated the Aztecs and
enslaved some of them.
Alonso Alvarez de Pineda (1519)
Goal: explore the land between Florida and Mexico
Results: sailed the entire Gulf Coast of Texas and the first to map the northern Gulf of Mexico
Panfilo de Navraez (1527)
Goals: dreamed of finding riches (gold and silver)
Results: first contact with the American Indians; sent his ships to find gold in a northern region called
Apalachee; only 4 survivors of the expedition and Cabeza de Vaca and Estevanico were 2 of them
Fray Marcos & Estevanico Expedition (1539)
Goals: find seven lost cities of gold
Results: Estevanico reached a Zuni village and was killed; Fray Marcos saw a village from afar and
reported it was filled with gold and treasure
Coronado Expedition (1540)
Goals: conquer Cibola; gain its treasure
Results: conquered Zuni village; crossed Texas Panhandle in search of Quivira; did not find any gold or
treasure
Moscoso Expedition (1539)
Goals: conquer Cibola; gain its treasure
Results: explored what is now the south-eastern United States and East Texas; sailed to Mexico; did not
find any gold or treasure