Effects of the Industrial Revolution
While football was developing in Public Schools mob
football in Britain was dealt its biggest blow in the form
of the Industrial Revolution.
This was a period where machinery was invented and
developed in Britain, which resulted in the emergence of
many factories in the towns and cities.
Workers from the villages and towns moved to the
cities to work in the factories, which directly resulted
in the decline of mob football in the rural community.
Towns and cities developed and banned mob football in
the streets, limiting the opportunities to play.
But improved transport helped the development of the
new football.
Rationalisation
Ex Public Schoolboys and Oxbridge Blues spread the
‘Cult of Athleticism’ around the country and even to
other parts of the world.
In 1863 a group met to decide on a universal set of
rules and they decided to call themselves the Football
Association.(Soccer)
Handling and hacking was banned, in preference of the
kicking game (association football) , which resulted in
the Rugby football teams breaking away and forming
their own codification (rugby football).
These rules were gradually adopted although for a long
time rules and numbers of players were agreed at the
start of games
Association Football
In the late 1800’s the number of football teams
increased and the level of support increased in
Britain. Factory Act 1867 introduced Saturday half
day.Teams from Factories, Pubs etc developed and
the working class could play or be spectators.
Permanent grounds, transport and publicity
increased the popularity of the game.
With money coming from supporters, clubs were
able to pay players to play, which gradually changed
the face of football from an amateur to
professional game, against the wishes of the FA.
The F A cup began in 1871
England played Scotland 1872 (the
passing game developed)
Northern team Blackburn beat Old
Etonians in FA Cup 1883
Professionalism was sanctioned in 1885
12 teams formed the first League in
1888
MOB GAMES
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
RUGBY
CHARTERHOUSE
ETON
MELTING POT
CAMBRIDGE RULES
FA FORMED 1863
SPLIT BETWEEN HACKERS AND DRIBBLERS
SOCCER/ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL
GENTLEMEN
AMATEURS
WORKING CLASS
PROFESSIONALS
LAWN TENNIS
Popularised by Army Major Walter Clompton
Whigfield in 1874.
It was originally sold in a box and called ‘Sphairistike’
Lawn Tennis was bought by the fashionable upper and
middle classes.
In 1877 the All England Croquet Club introduced lawn
tennis at Wimbledon.
Development of Lawn Tennis
Middle/Lower classes had to
look for own alternative
Lower middle class also
frequented private courts
LAWN TENNIS
Lower classes were excluded
from clubs and had to wait
until public provision
Ideal for middle/upper
class gardens
Tennis Clubs formed allowing
social gatherings
Development of Lawn Tennis
Tennis could be played as a
game for both men and women
or both.
Helped remove stereotypes
WOMENS TENNIS
Women could take part but
Not be to physically active
And were not expected to be good
Tennis enabled
social gatherings
Did not require
special dress
Privacy of upper class
gardens with high walls
meant it could be played
amongst friends