2/27/2015
Professor Donald McFarlane
Mammals of the Tropical
Moist Forests
Mammalian community structure – Sabah
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Mammalian community structure – Costa Rica
DIURNAL
CREPUSCULAR
NOCTURNAL
CANOPY
Monkeys
3-toed sloth
Silky anteater
(birds)
Bats
2-toed sloth
UNDERSTORY
Tamandua
(birds)
Possums
Bats
GROUND
Giant anteater
Coati
Agouti
Tapir
Spiny rat
Margay
Jaguar
Guilds
An ecological guild) is any group of species that
exploit the same resources.
Topi antelope
Thomsons’ Gazelle
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Guilds
Mammalian guilds – Costa Rica
Predator Guild
Margay
Oncilla
Tayra
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Mammalian guilds – Costa Rica
Size range of cats
Oncilla 2-3 kgs
Margay 7-9 kgs
Jaguarundi 6-9 kgs
Ocelot 11-12 kgs
Puma ~ 75 kgs
Jaguar ~ 100 kgs
Mammalian guilds – Costa Rica
Leaf-eater Guild
Mantled Howler Monkey
Alouatta palliata
Three-toed
sloth
Bradypus
variegatus
Baird’s Tapir
Tapirus bairdii
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Mammalian guilds – Costa Rica
Fruit-Eater Guild
Artibeus jamaicensis
Agouti
Dasyprocta
punctata
Paca
Cuniculus
paca
Mammalian guilds – Costa Rica
Nectar-Eating Guild
Olingo Bassaricyon gabbii
Godman's nectar bat
Lonchophylla mordax
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Mammalian guilds – Costa Rica
Ant-Eating Guild
Tamandua
Tamandua mexicana
Silky
anteater
Cyclopes
didactylus
Giant anteater
(Myrmecophaga
tridactyla
Mammalian guilds – Costa Rica
Seed-Eating Guild
Armoured Rat Hoplomys gymnurus
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Mammalian guilds – Costa Rica
Omnivore Guild
Coati Nasua
narica
Kinkajou
Potos flavus
Grey Four-eyed opossum
Philander opossum
Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
202 species
Only 4 primates
•White faced capuchin
•Spider Monkey
•Howler Monkey
•Squirrel Monkey
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Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
202 species
Only 14 rodents
Bang’s Mountain Squirrel
-
Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
Bang’s mountain
Squirrel
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Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
Bat Guilds – Insectivores
Bats are the biggest
component – 110
species (54%)
Bat Guilds
•Insectivores 43
•Frugivores 25
•Nectarivores 11
•Sanguivores 3
•Carnivores 3
•Piscivores 1
•Omnivores 18
Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
Bat guilds - insectivores
Foliage-Gleaning
Insectivores
Aerial Insectivores
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Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
Bat guilds - Frugivores
10
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Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
Bat guilds - Nectarivores
Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
Bat guilds - Sanguivores
I 1/2, C 1/1, P 2/3, M 0/0
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Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
Bat guilds - Carnivores
Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
Bat guilds - Piscivores
12
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Mammalian diversity – Costa Rica
Bat guilds - Omnivores
Bats– behavior and social systems
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