Status of
Japanese GNSS augmentations
Kota TANABE
Permanent Mission of Japan
to the International Organizations in Vienna
8 December 2003
Vienna, Austria
UN/USA International Workshop on
The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems
1
Contents
• MSAS
–
–
–
–
–
Overview
Effects of MSAS
System Configuration
Interoperability
Schedule
• QZSS
–
–
–
–
Background and Objectives
Overview - Orbital Characteristics
Expected Applications
Schedule
• Summary
8 December 2003
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MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
MSAS
<MTSAT Satellite-based Augmentation System>
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MSAS Overview
MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
• MSAS (MTSAT Satellite-based Augmentation
System) is Japanese SBAS compliant with ICAO
SARPs
• Augmentation data is broadcasted by MTSAT
(Multi-functional Transport Satellite)
• Dual GEO (two MTSATs) coverage will ensure
high Reliability and Availability
• MSAS has a capability to provide augmentation
service to other nations within MTSAT coverage
if required Ground Monitor Stations are installed
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MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
Effects of MTSAT/MSAS
‹Reduction of Separation Minima
Current System
CNS/ATM System
*CNS/ATM: Communications, Navigations, Surveillance and Air Traffic Management
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MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
Effects of MTSAT/MSAS
‹Flexible Flight Profile Planning
Current System
CNS/ATM System
Optimum altitude and route can be selected
Fixed route
Route and altitude are fixed
Shortest or optimum route
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MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
Effects of MTSAT/MSAS
‹High Quality Communications
‹Safety Enhancement --especially at low altitude-Current System
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CNS/ATM System
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MTSAT Coverage
MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
‹Global beam covers most of Asia/Pacific airspace
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MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
MSAS System Configuration
Sapporo GMS
Ground communication
line
Kobe MCS
Tokyo
GMS
Fukuoka GMS
HitachiHitachi-Ohta MCS
Hawaii MRS
MCS Master Control Station
MRS Monitor and Ranging Station
GMS Ground Monitor Station
8 December 2003
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Naha GMS
Australia
MRS
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MSAS System Components
MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
MTSAT Specification Summary
Type
3 Axis Attitude Control
Geostationary Satellite
Life
More than 10 years
–Aeronautical: 10 years
–Meteorological: 5 years
Orbit
Position
Longitude 140 degrees East
Frequency Aeronautical Mission
bands
Ku(4 spot beams), Ka(3 spot beams)
and L(1 global & 6 spot beams)
Meteorological Mission
S and UHF
TT&C
Ku, S and Unified S(USB)
Weight
3,300 kg (@launch), 1,400 kg (dry)
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MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
MSAS System Components
Master Control Station (MCS)
(Aeronautical Satellite Center)
Hitachi-Ohta Aeronautical Satellite Center
Kobe Aeronautical Satellite Center
Operation room
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MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
MSAS System Components
Monitor & Ranging Station (MRS) & Ground Monitor Station (GMS)
Hawaii MRS
GPS Antenna
8 December 2003
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Australia MRS
GMSs in Japan
• Sapporo GMS
• Tokyo GMS
• Fukuoka GMS
• Naha GMS
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MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
Interoperability among SBASs
‹MSAS is interoperable with WAAS, EGNOS and GAGAN.
GAGAN
EGNOS
MSAS
MTSAT
WAAS
INMARSAT
ARTEMIS
INMARSAT
GPS
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MTSAT/MSAS Program History
MS
AS
TSAT
ATELLITE-BASED
UGMENTATION
YSTEM
1991 ICAO approved FANS Plan
1993 Electric Navigation Research Institute (ENRI) started
the research on GNSS Integrity Channel
1994 MTSAT Program started
1995 MSAS development started
1999 Launch of MTSAT-1 failed
2001 GPS data collection using ground system started
2004 MTSAT-1R will be launched
2005 MTSAT-2 will be launched (MSAS Initial Operation)
8 December 2003
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QZSS
<Quasi-Zenith Satellite System>
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Background i-Space
ETS-VIII (2004)
Space information infrastructure
WINDS (2005)
QZSS (2008)
Quasi-zenith Satellite System
Engineering Test Satellite-VIII
Wideband InterNetworking
Engineering Test and Demonstration
Overcoming
High Accuracy
Positioning
Satellite
Digital Divide
Tele-Medicine
8 December 2003
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TeleEducation
Disaster
Management
Satellite
Satellite Mobile
Communications IP Multicasting
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Background
Current Conditions
Future Condition with QZSS
Communications
‹Due to shadowing by buildings and
mountainous features, GSO satellite
systems can only service urban and
mountainous areas with 30% coverage.
‹The private sector predicts a huge
growth in the broadband mobile
communications market.
‹High speed broadband mobile
communications services will be
able to provide coverage
everywhere, including urban
canyon and mountainous areas.
Positioning
‹Japan’s geographic features can
reduce the number of visible GPS
satellites and cause user positioning
error. Availability can also be
compromised.
‹R&D in GPS augmentation is needed
for applications which require high
accuracy positioning such as ITS,
precise agriculture, machine control for
construction.
‹Continuous, stable and highly
accurate positioning services will
be provided.
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‹Marked improvement in
continuity, integrity, availability
and accuracy for GPS users.
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Objectives
Research&&Development
Developmentfor
for
Research
•SatellitePositioning
Positioning -----High
Highaccuracy
accuracynavigation
navigationservice
serviceby
by
•Satellite
complementand
andaugmentation
augmentationof
ofthe
theGPS
GPS
complement
•MobileCommunications
Communications----- High
Highspeed
speedcommunication
communicationservice
service
•Mobile
GPS
QZSS elevation angle
higher than 70 deg
Advantagesof
ofthe
thehigh
highelevation
elevationangle
angle
Advantages
GPS
¾Easierto
toprovide
providebroadband
broadbandmobile
mobile
¾Easier
communicationservices
serviceswith
with
communication
GEO sat elevation angle
Approx. 48 deg @Tokyo
(longitude 130E GEO sat)
9Simplificationofofantenna
antennatracking
tracking
9Simplification
mechanism
mechanism
9Utilizationofofthe
theantenna
antennawith
with
9Utilization
highergain
gainatatthe
thezenith
zenith
higher
¾Lessshadowing
shadowingby
bybuildings
buildingsor
or
¾Less
mountains
mountains
¾Lessmulti-path
multi-pathinterference
interference
¾Less
8 December 2003
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QZSS Overview -Orbital Characteristics(1) Inclined orbital plane at approximately 45 deg from GSO
Æ Ground track draws a figure “8” centered on the equator
４５deg
(2) 3 satellites on the 3 orbit planes operate so that the
right ascension of the nodes are each 120 degrees apart
Æ Every 8 hours each of the 3 satellites passes over the
same point on the figure “8” ground track
Equator
１２０
deg
Top view
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Side view
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QZSS Overview -Orbital CharacteristicsSatellite visibility ensured with high elevation angle of
more than 70 degrees.
degrees
€ “V ’¸ ‰
q ¯ Ì‚ ‹Â Š
p (“Œ ‹ž j
€ “V ’¸ ‰
q ¯ ‚Ì ‹Â Š
p (“Œ ‹ž j
90
90
80
80
Minimum elevation angle
for QZSS (approx. 70 deg)
70
70
Elevation Angle (deg)
Elevation Angle (deg)
60
60
Elevation angle for GSO sat
(E130deg) Approx. 48 deg
50
50
40
40
30
30
SAT1
SAT1
SAT2
SAT2
SAT3
SAT3
GEO110
GEO110
GEO130
GEO130
GEO150
GEO150
20
20
10
10
0
0
0
0
4
4
8
8
12
12 (Hr)
Time
Time (Hr)
16
16
20
20
Elevation angle at Tokyo (24hour)
24
24
The urban canyon picture
(Shinjuku area)
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QZSS Overview -Orbital CharacteristicsThe Possible Orbital Variations of QZSS
(a) e=0
(b) e=0.1
(c) e=0.2
Minimum Elevation Angle (24hour)
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Expected Applications
Traffic Management
& Control System
Users
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Control Centers
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Expected Applications
Medical Services
Mobile Hospital
Disaster
Local Hospital
City Hospital
Emergency/Rescue
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Expected Applications
¾Broadcasting
9TV, Car-TV, Mobile Phone
9Traffic Information
9Emergency/Disaster Information
¾Search and Rescue
¾Field Education
¾- - - - - - - - - ¾- - - - - - - - - ¾- - - - - - - - - -
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Development Schedule (Tentative)
QZSS Development Schedule (tentative)
2002
2003
2004
Fiscal Year
2005 2006 2007
2008
2009
2010
Research & Design
Manufacturing
Launch
Demonstration
Experiment
Utilization
Note: The Japanese fiscal year starts in April and ends in March of the next year.
8 December 2003
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Summary
Japanese GNSS augmentations could make useful
contributions to the world’s space infrastructure.
‹MSAS
– Japan is focused on developing the MSAS system. In
future, it should aid in the realization of safe and high
quality aviation services for the Asia Pacific region.
– Based on ICAO standards, the system is interoperable
with the other SBASs.
‹QZSS
– A brand-new and unique system under development in
Japan which could provide a variety of utilizations and
applications.
8 December 2003
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Thank you …
Kota TANABE
Special Adviser
Permanent Mission of Japan
to the International Organizations in Vienna
E-mail: [email protected]
8 December 2003
Vienna, Austria
UN/USA International Workshop on
The Use and Applications of Global Navigation Satellite Systems
27