skills reproducible
®
reading a map
Escape to Freedom
The map below shows some of the main routes
that Southern slaves took to freedom. It also shows
which states allowed slavery (slave states) and which
states banned it (free states). The numbers represent
the total number of slaves in each state in 1860.
CANADA
uperior
L. S
400 KM
KANSAS
TERRITORY
INDIAN
TERRITORY
NEW MEXICO
TERRITORY
OHIO
ILLINOIS INDIANA Cincinnati
MISSOURI
114,931
ARKANSAS
111,115
TENNESSEE
275,719
ALABAMA GEORGIA
462,198
435,080
TEXAS
182,566
LOUISIANA
331,726
MEXICO
KENTUCKY
225,483
MISSISSIPPI
436,631
VIRGINIA
490,865
CONNECTICUT
New York
NEW
JERSEY
DELAWARE
1,798
MARYLAND
NORTH 87,189
CAROLINA
331,059
SOUTH
CAROLINA Wilmington
402,406
Charleston
Savannah
FLORIDA
61,745
Gulf of
Mexico
ANDROS ISLAND,
BAHAMAS
CUBA
Escape to Freedom
questions
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Before the Civil War began, how many states were
7. Slaves from Georgia and Florida could escape to
slave states?
which two nearby places?
efore the U.S. Civil War
some unlucky runaways were
(slave states), and which states
2. Which
state
had the
largest number of
slaves?
8.toWslavery.
hich city in Ohio
was ita stop
on the The
Underground
began
in 1861,
thousands
caught
and returned
banned
(free states).
numbers
3. Which
statesrisked
had more
of slaves
their than
lives 400,000 slaves?
The map above showsRailroad?
some of
on the map represent the total num 4.toWreach
hich states
had
than 100,000
If slaves
in Southber
Carolina
the land
freedom
onfewer
the Undertheslaves?
main routes that 9.
Southern
slaves
of slavesheaded
in eachnorth
state on
in 1860.
About
took
to freedom. The map
alsoshown on theStudy
and
answer
the
5.ground
SlavesRailroad.
from Texas
often100,000
fled into which
­country?
route
map,the
howmap,
many
slave
states
fugitives
were
able
to
escape.
But
shows
which
states
allowed
slavery
questions.
6. Slaves taking the northernmost escape route fled to
would they pass through before reaching a free state?
which city in Canada?
10. To which free states could slaves from Kentucky
most
easily escape?
7. Slaves from Georgia and Florida could escape to which
1. Before the Civil War began, how many states were slave
B
S
two nearby countries? __________________________
states? ____________________________________
october 11, 2010 • JUNIOR SCHOLASTIC online reproducible
______________________________________________
2. Which state had the largest number of slaves?
JIM MCMAHON/MAPMAN
200 MI
PENNSYLVANIA
N
0
Scale:
0
RHODE ISLAND
rie
A
City
L. E
Boston
E
Chicago Detroit
IOWA
MASSACHUSETTS
Toronto rio
NEW
nta
L. O
YORK
C
MICHIGAN
NEBRASKA
TERRITORY
MAINE
L.
n
O
WISCONSIN
VERMONT
Montreal
IC
MINNESOTA
T
(1860 U.S. Census)
UNORGANIZED
TERRITORY
L. Michig
a
Free state
Slave state
Territory
Underground
Railroad routes
111,115 Number of slaves
N
SLAVERY IN 1860
NEW
HAMPSHIRE
(British)
LA
of slaves risked their lives to reach freedom via the
Under­ground Railroad. It wasn’t an actual railroad, but
a network of safe places for slaves to hide as they fled.
G E100,000
OSK
I L Lwere
S able to escape this way.
About
fugitives
AT
Before
the U.S.
War began
1861,
JS9 12/13 p15
Geoskills
f.cCivil
11/22/02
11:30inAM
Page thousands
3
ron
Hu
Uses: copy machine, opaque projector, or transparency master for overhead projector. Scholastic Inc. grants teacher-subscribers to Junior Scholastic permission to reproduce this Skills Reproducible for use in their classrooms. Copyright © 2010 by Scholastic Inc. All rights reserved.
NAME: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________