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Urban America
DIRECTIONS: Matching Match each item in Column A with the items in Column B.
Write the correct letters in the blanks. (3 points each)
Column A
Column B
1. developed the theory of evolution and natural selection
A. Horatio Alger
2. argued that society progressed because only the fittest
people survived
B. Andrew Carnegie
3. wrote “rags-to-riches” novels
D. W.E.B. DuBois
4. believed that those who profited from society owed it
something in return
5. expressed ideas that became known as the Atlanta
Compromise
C. Chester A. Arthur
E. Plessy v. Ferguson
F.
Charles Darwin
G. Scott Joplin
6. assassinated a few months into his presidency
H. Herbert Spencer
7. a Stalwart who became president in 1881
I.
James A. Garfield
8. established the doctrine of “separate but equal”
J.
Booker T.
Washington
9. wrote that “color discrimination is barbarism”
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
10. the “King of Ragtime”
DIRECTIONS: Multiple Choice Choose the item that best completes each sentence or
answers each question. Write the letter in the blank. (4 points each)
11. By the 1890s, more than half of all immigrants in the United States were
A. European Jews.
C. Chinese.
B. eastern and southern Europeans.
D. Japanese.
12. In response to the Supreme Court’s ruling in Wabash v. Illinois, Congress
created the
A. McKinley Tariff.
C. Pendleton Act.
B. Sherman Antitrust Act.
D. Interstate Commerce Commission.
13. Many labor unions opposed immigration, arguing that most immigrants
A. had no marketable skills.
C. would not join a union.
B. would work for low wages.
D. did not understand English.
14. The Workingman’s Party of California was formed to
A. fight Chinese immigration.
C. establish a minimum wage.
B. improve working conditions.
D. help immigrants find jobs.
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15. In the late 1800s, the most common form of mass transit in cities was the
A. cablecar.
C. horsecar.
B. trolley.
D. subway.
16. New technology helped farmers produce more crops, which tended to
A. lower prices.
C. raise quality.
B. raise prices.
D. lower quality.
17. William M. Tweed was
A. the inventor of the electric trolley car.
B. the leader of the Workingman’s Party.
C. the designer of the first skyscraper.
D. the party boss of a political machine.
18.
was the philosophy that Americans with a great deal of
money should use it for social progress.
A. Social Darwinism
C. Realism
B. Gospel of Wealth
D. Marxism
20. The Supreme Court set the stage for legalized segregation by overturning
the
A. Civil Rights Act of 1875.
C. Fourteenth Amendment.
B. Pendleton Act.
D. Interstate Commerce Commission.
DIRECTIONS: Essay Answer each one of the following questions on a separate sheet of
paper. (10 points)
21. Describe several reasons why Europeans immigrated to the United States in the
late 1800s.
22. Define “deflation” and explain why it hurts farmers.
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19. The Populists posed a challenge for Democrats in the South by
A. appealing to new immigrants.
B. promising to legalize segregation.
C. promising jobs to African Americans.
D. appealing to poor whites.
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DIRECTIONS: Graphics and Document-Based Questions Choose the item that best
completes each sentence or answers each question. Write the letter of the item in the
blank to the left of the question. (4 points each)
Date
1872
1874
1891
1882
1893
Sports and Recreation
Event
First U.S. ski club is founded in Berlin, New Hampshire.
Mary E. Outerbridge sees English officers play tennis while vacationing and introduces the game of tennis to America.
James Naismith, a Canadian working in Massachusetts, invents basketball.
The American Baseball Association is founded.
The longest recorded boxing match—110 rounds in 7 hours, 4 minutes—takes
place in New Orleans.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
23. Based on your knowledge and the events outlined in the table above,
you can conclude that in the late 1800s
A. professional sports declined in popularity.
B. people had more leisure time available to them.
C. Americans were not interested in sports.
D. skiing became the most popular sport in the United States.
Immigrants
worked for
low wages
Sentiments against
Chinese
Reasons Nativists
Opposed
Immigration
Catholic influx gave
Catholic Church too
much power
Prejudice
against groups
such as convicts and
the mentally ill
24. Study the chart above. Which state received the most immigration from
China?
A. Florida
C. New York
B. California
D. Illinois
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“. . . We say not one word against those who live on the Atlantic coast, but the hardy pioneers who
have braved all of the dangers of the wilderness, who have made the desert blossom as the rose . . . it
is for these that we speak.”
—William Jennings Bryan
25. Who was Bryan giving this speech for?
A. New Yorkers
B. Western settlers
C. Desert nomads
D. Southerners
DIRECTIONS: Short Answer Answer each of the following questions on a separate
sheet of paper. (4 points each)
Life Expectancy
26. Study the chart on the right, and then list the
life expectancies for white men and for
African American men. What conclusion can
be drawn from this comparison?
100
In Years
80
1900
76.1
73.9
79.7
66.1
60
40
47.3
46.6
1997
74.2
48.7
32.5
33.5
20
Total
White
Male
White
African African
Female American American
Male
Female
Source: Historical Statistics of the United States, Colonial Times to 1970;
Statistical Abstract of the United States.
“Where God builds a church the devil builds next door—a saloon. . . . I tried once to find out how
the account stood, and counted to 111 Protestant churches, chapels, and places of worship of every
kind below Fourteenth Street, 4,065 saloons. . . . There are easily ten saloons to every church today. I
am afraid, too, that the [saloon] congregations are larger by a good deal. . . .”
—Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives
27. What is the main idea of the statement above?
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Urban America
DIRECTIONS: Matching Match each item in Column A with the items in Column B.
Write the correct letters in the blanks. (3 points each)
Column A
1. launched a crusade against lynching
A. Jane Addams
2. argued that government could solve society’s problems
more efficiently than competition in the marketplace
B. Edward Bellamy
3. revivalist who believed the way to help the poor was by
redeeming their souls
C. Booker T.
Washington
4. founder of Tuskegee Institute
D. William Jennings
Bryan
5. opened Hull House in Chicago
E. Lillian Wald
6. organized a mass migration of African Americans to
Kansas
F.
7. supported public libraries, believing that access to
knowledge was the key to getting ahead in life
H. Dwight L. Moody
8. operated Henry Street Settlement in New York City
9. Populist and Democratic presidential nominee in 1896
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Column B
10. published a book describing a perfect society in the year
2000
Andrew Carnegie
G. Ida B. Wells
I.
Benjamin “Pap”
Singleton
J.
Lester Frank
Ward
DIRECTIONS: Multiple Choice Choose the item that best completes each sentence or
answers each question. Write the letter in the blank. (4 points each)
11. In both 1876 and 1888, the presidential candidates with the most popular
votes
A. were sitting vice presidents.
B. lost the election in the Electoral College.
C. were Populists who supported farmers’ causes.
D. suffered scandals while they were in office.
12. The world’s first skyscraper, built in 1885, was
A. 10 stories tall.
C. 25 stories tall
B. 20 stories tall.
D. 40 stories tall.
13. Nativists wanted to
A. group immigrants into their own sections of a city.
B. assimilate immigrants into American society.
C. limit or cut off immigration.
D. convert immigrants to Protestantism.
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14. Subway systems were first developed to
A. transport people away from cities.
B. carry people from one city to another.
C. relieve congestion on city streets.
D. eliminate polluted air in the cities.
15. Passed in several western states, Granger laws
A. required railroads to lay more track.
B. limited the rates that railroads could charge.
C. allowed greenbacks to be printed.
D. set interest rates charged by banks.
16. Political machines provided new city dwellers with necessities such as
jobs, housing, and police protection in exchange for
A. kickbacks.
C. votes.
B. graft.
D. wages.
18. The first salaried baseball team played in
A. Boston.
C. New York.
B. Cincinnati.
D. Pittsburgh.
19. What philosophy stated that people failed in life because of
circumstances beyond their control?
A. Realism
C. Social Darwinism
B. Naturalism
D. Individualism
20. Supporters of the subtreasury plan believed that it would
A. increase the money supply.
C. decrease interest rates.
B. force crop prices upward.
D. limit railroad costs.
DIRECTIONS: Essay Answer each one of the following questions on a separate sheet of
paper. (10 points)
21. Describe the problems of urban living in the late 1800s, and explain their causes.
22. Summarize the ideas of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois on how to
address discrimination against African Americans.
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17. Individualism was the belief that
A. it is important to do things for other people.
B. a person can rise as far as their talents will take them.
C. other people's opinions are not important.
D. happiness comes from personal satisfaction.
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DIRECTIONS: Graphics and Document-Based Questions Choose the item that best
completes each sentence or answers each question. Write the letter of the item in the
blank to the left of the question. (4 points each)
European Immigrants
Ellis Island
Asian Immigrants
?
23. Which choice below best completes the diagram?
A. Angel Island
B. Manhattan Island
C. Whidbey Island
D. Alcatraz Island
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
24. According to the chart, the
Democratic Party controlled the
executive branch for
A. two years.
B. four years.
C. eight years.
D. sixteen years.
PRESIDENTS AND THEIR POLITICAL PARTIES
YEAR
DEMOCRAT
REPUBLICAN
1876
Rutherford B. Hayes
1880
James A. Garfield
Chester Arthur
1884
Grover Cleveland
1888
1892
1896
Benjamin Harrison
Grover Cleveland
William McKinley
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“This, then, is held to be the duty of the man of Wealth: First, to set an example of modest, unostentatious living, shunning display or extravagance; to provide moderately for the legitimate wants of
those dependent upon him; and after doing so to consider all surplus revenues which come to him
simply as trust funds, which he is called upon to administer, and strictly bound as a matter of duty to
administer in the manner which, in his judgment, is best calculated to produce the most beneficial
results for the community. . . .”
—Andrew Carnegie, “Wealth”
25. Carnegie outlines the main ideas of
A. Social Darwinism.
B. realism.
C. the Gospel of Wealth.
D. individualism.
DIRECTIONS: Short Answer Answer each of the following questions on a separate
sheet of paper. (4 points each)
Presidential Election, 1884
Candidate
Electoral Popular
Vote
Vote
Party
Cleveland
219
4,879,507 Democratic
Blaine
182
4,850,293 Republican
“The farmers of the United States are up in arms. . . . (T)hey are getting, they say, the smallest share
(of the nation’s wealth) for themselves. The American farmer is steadily losing ground.”
—from Forum
27. Describe how farmers responded to their situation, both politically and economically, in the late 1800s.
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26. Study the election results above, and explain whether or not the 1884 presidential election was close. Give details to support your answer.