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Edexcel GCSE
Chemistry
Unit C3: Chemistry in Action
Higher Tier
Additional Sample Assessment Material
Time: 1 hour
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for each question are shown in brackets
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•
S39601A
©2011 Edexcel Limited.
6/8/8/2/2/
*S39601A0115*
Turn over
2
*S39601A0215*
Answer ALL questions
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If you change your mind about an
answer, put a line through the box and then mark your new answer with a cross .
Analysing salts
1 A mixture containing two salts was analysed to find out which ions were present.
The mixture was dissolved in water to form a solution.
Samples of the solution were used in the following tests.
(a) A few drops of sodium hydroxide solution were added to some of the solution in a
test tube.
(i) A red-brown precipitate formed.
Which ion does this test show is present?
Put a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
A calcium ion, Ca
(1)
2+
B copper ion, Cu2+
C iron(II) ion, Fe2+
D iron(III) ion, Fe3+
(ii) Ammonium ions, NH4+, were also present in this solution.
After the sodium hydroxide solution has been added, describe what else must
be done to show that ammonium ions are present.
(2)
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*S39601A0315*
3
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(b)Bromide ions, Br–, are also present in the solution.
Describe how another sample of the solution can be tested to show that bromide
ions are present.
(2)
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(c) State why the result of a test for a given ion must be unique.
(1)
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(d)Another sample of the solution was acidified with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Barium chloride solution was added to the mixture.
A white precipitate of barium sulfate, BaSO4, was formed.
Write the ionic equation for the reaction of barium ions with sulfate ions to form
barium sulfate.
(2)
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(Total for Question 1 = 8 marks)
4
*S39601A0415*
Magnesium salts
2 (a) Magnesium carbonate was used to form magnesium chloride solution as follows.
•
•
excess magnesium carbonate was added to dilute hydrochloric acid
the mixture was filtered
(i) Give the reason why excess magnesium carbonate was used.
(1)
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(ii) Explain why the mixture was filtered.
(2)
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(iii) In the reaction, powdered magnesium carbonate was added to dilute
hydrochloric acid.
Magnesium chloride solution, water and carbon dioxide were formed.
The equation for the reaction is given.
Some of the state symbols are missing, fill in the missing state symbols.
(2)
MgCO3(… … .… .… … . ) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(… … … ..… … . ) + H2O(l) + CO2(… … . … . … … . )
(b)(i) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
The mass of 0.125 mol of magnesium carbonate, MgCO3, is
(relative formula mass of magnesium carbonate = 84.0)
(1)
A 8.40 g
B 10.5 g
C 84.0 g
D 672 g
*S39601A0515*
5
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(ii) Calculate the number of moles of magnesium chloride, MgCl2, in 19.0 g of
magnesium chloride.
(relative atomic masses: Mg = 24.0, Cl = 35.5)
(2)
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(Total for Question 2 = 8 marks)
6
*S39601A0615*
Electrolysis
3 Ionic substances in the molten state or dissolved in water can be electrolysed.
(a) Sodium chloride solution contains ions with the formulae
Na+ Clˉ H+ OHˉ
(i) When sodium chloride solution is electrolysed, ions are attracted to the
electrodes.
In the boxes, write the formulae of the ions that are attracted to the anode
and of the ions that are attracted to the cathode.
ions attracted to the anode
(2)
ions attracted to the cathode
(ii) When sodium chloride solution is electrolysed, which two products are
formed?
Put a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
(1)
A chlorine and oxygen
B hydrogen and chlorine
C hydrogen and sodium
D oxygen and sodium
(b)When molten lead bromide is electrolysed, the products are lead and bromine.
(i) Complete the following half-equation to show the formation of lead from
lead ions.
Pb2+ + .................................. → ..................................
(2)
(ii) During electrolysis, oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction occurs at the
cathode.
Explain oxidation and reduction in terms of electrons gained or lost.
(2)
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*S39601A0715*
7
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(c) Adam was investigating the electrolysis of copper sulfate solution using copper
electrodes.
He used the apparatus shown in the diagram.
6 V d.c.
supply
cathode
–
+
anode
copper sulfate solution
He measured the mass of the electrodes before and after electrolysing the copper
sulfate solution for 10 minutes.
His results were
mass of cathode / g
mass of anode / g
before electrolysis
1.36
1.27
after electrolysis
1.64
0.99
Using the data, state and explain what has happened at each electrode during this
electrolysis.
(4)
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(Total for Question 3 = 11 marks)
8
*S39601A0815*
Gases
4 (a) Hydrogen reacts with nitrogen to produce ammonia.
3H2(g) + N2(g)  2NH3(g)
(i) Give the meaning of  in the equation above.
(1)
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(ii) What is the minimum volume of hydrogen needed to react completely with
300 cm3 of nitrogen?
Put a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
A 100 cm
(1)
3
B 300 cm3
C 600 cm3
D 900 cm3
(b)A known mass of magnesium was mixed with excess dilute hydrochloric acid in
the apparatus shown in the diagram.
gas syringe
dilute hydrochloric acid
magnesium ribbon
When the reaction was complete the volume of gas collected in the syringe was
recorded.
The equation for the reaction is
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Results
mass of magnesium used
= 0.072 g
volume of hydrogen produced
= 66 cm3
*S39601A0915*
9
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(i) Suggest a way to improve the quality of the data.
(1)
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(ii) 1 mol of magnesium, Mg, reacts to give 1 mol of hydrogen, H2.
The experiment shows that 0.072 g of magnesium reacts to produce 66 cm3
of hydrogen.
Calculate the volume of 1 mol of hydrogen, H2
(relative atomic mass: Mg = 24)
(2)
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volume of 1 mol of hydrogen, H2 = … … … … … … … . … … … … … … … . . cm3
(iii) When the experiment was repeated, the volume of 1 mol of hydrogen, H2,
was found to be 23000 cm3.
The molar volume of hydrogen is 24000 cm3 at room temperature and
atmospheric pressure.
Suggest why these volumes are different.
(2)
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10
*S39601A01015*
(c) Calcium reacts with water to produce hydrogen.
Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2
Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen, measured at room temperature and
atmospheric pressure, that could be produced from 15 g of calcium.
(relative atomic mass: Ca = 40,
1 mol of hydrogen, H2, occupies 24000 cm3 at room temperature and atmospheric
pressure)
(2)
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volume of hydrogen = … … … … … … … . … … … … … … … . . cm3
(Total for Question 4 = 9 marks)
*S39601A01115*
11
Turn over
Ethanol
5 Ethanol can be manufactured in two ways.
(a) Ethanol can be produced from sugars using yeast in a fermentation reaction.
(i) Which of the following conditions is needed for fermentation?
Put a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
(1)
A a temperature above 60 °C
B good supply of air
C have water present
D use manganese(IV) oxide as a catalyst
(ii) Name the process used to separate almost pure ethanol from the mixture
remaining after fermentation.
(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............................................................................................................................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b)Ethanol can also be produced from ethene.
Describe how this is carried out.
(2)
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(c) Ethene can be formed by dehydrating ethanol using concentrated sulfuric acid.
Write the equation for the reaction.
(2)
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12
*S39601A01215*
*(d)Countries have the choice of producing ethanol by fermentation of sugars or from
ethene produced from crude oil.
Country A is a large country where the climate is tropical and allows three cycles
of crops to be grown each year.
It is a fairly poor country with no crude oil reserves.
Country B is densely populated and much smaller than country A.
Its climate is much colder and only one cycle of crops a year can be grown.
It is a very rich country and has ample crude oil reserves.
Evaluate the factors that country A and country B should consider when choosing
which method of ethanol production to use in their country.
(6)
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(Total for Question 5 = 12 marks)
*S39601A01315*
13
Turn over
Acids, esters and soap
6 (a) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
Ethanoic acid can be produced from ethanol.
When ethanol is converted to ethanoic acid, it is
(1)
A decomposed
B neutralised
C oxidised
D reduced
(b)Give the name of the gas produced when magnesium ribbon reacts with a dilute
solution of ethanoic acid.
(1)
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(c) The ester ethyl ethanoate is produced by reacting ethanoic acid with ethanol.
Draw the structure of a molecule of ethyl ethanoate, showing all bonds.
(d)Some esters are useful.
Explain why.
(2)
(2)
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14
*S39601A01415*
(e) Vegetable oils are esters and can be used to make soap.
A soap anion is shown.
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
H C C C C C C C
C C C C C C C C C
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
O
O–
Explain how soap anions remove grease from clothes, even though grease and
water do not mix.
You may include labelled diagrams in your answer.
(6)
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(Total for Question 6 = 12 marks)
TOTAL FOR PAPER: 60 MARKS
*S39601A01515*
15
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
GCSE Science 2011
GCSE
GCSE Chemistry (5CH3H/01)
Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750
Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH
General Marking Guidance
•
All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must mark the
first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.
•
Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must be rewarded for
what they have shown they can do rather than penalised for omissions.
•
Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according to their
perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.
•
There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark scheme should be
used appropriately.
•
All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded. Examiners
should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if the answer matches the
mark scheme. Examiners should also be prepared to award zero marks if the
candidate’s response is not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
•
For questions worth more than one mark, the answer column shows how
partial credit can be allocated. This has been done by the inclusion of part
marks eg (1).
•
Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide the principles
by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may be limited.
•
When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the mark scheme
to a candidate’s response, the team leader must be consulted.
•
Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replaced it
with an alternative response.
Quality of Written Communication
Questions which involve the writing of continuous prose will expect candidates to:
•
Write legibly, with accurate spelling, grammar and punctuation in order to
make the meaning clear
•
Select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and to
complex subject matter
•
Organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist vocabulary
when appropriate.
Full marks will be awarded if the candidate has demonstrated the above abilities.
Questions where QWC is likely to be particularly important are indicated (QWC) in the mark
scheme, but this does not preclude others.
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
General Information
The following symbols are used in the mark schemes for all questions:
Symbol
eq
Meaning of symbol
Indicates that credit should be given for other
correct alternatives to a word or statement
/ oblique
Words or phrases separated by an oblique are
alternatives to each other
{ } curly brackets
( ) round brackets
Indicate the beginning and end of a list of
alternatives (separated by obliques) where
necessary to avoid confusion
Words inside round brackets are to aid
understanding of the marking point but are not
required to award the point
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
1(a)(i)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
D
(1)
Question
Number
1(a)(ii)
Answer
Question
Number
1(c)
Question
Number
1(d)
Mark
A description including the following
points
• heat mixture (1)
•
Question
Number
1(b)
Acceptable answers
test gas evolved with (damp)
red litmus paper which turns
blue (1)
Answer
correct colour change with any
suitable indicator
(2)
Acceptable answers
Mark
A description including two of the
following points
•
acidify with dilute nitric acid
then (1)
•
add silver nitrate solution (1)
•
cream / pale yellow
precipitate forms (1)
Answer
(2)
Acceptable answers
result only given by one ion /
prevents confusion with other ions /
owtte
Mark
(1)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
Ba2+ + SO42- → BaSO4 (2)
Allow 1 mark for either Ba2+ or SO42if equation is incorrect
(2)
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
2(a)(i)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
to ensure that all the acid reacts
(1)
Question
Number
2(a)(ii)
Question
Number
2(a)(iii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
An explanation linking the following
points
•
remove unreacted magnesium
carbonate (1)
•
to leave magnesium chloride
solution (1)
Answer
(2)
Acceptable answers
Mark
MgCO3 (s)
MgCl2 (aq)
CO2 (g)
All 3 correct (2)
Any 1 correct (1)
(2)
Question
Number
2(b)(i)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
B
(1)
Question
Number
2(b)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
24 + (2x35.5) (1) = 95
19 (1) = 0.2
95
ecf from their Mr for MgCl2
(2)
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
3(a)(i)
Answer
Acceptable answers
anode : Cl¯ OH¯
(1)
cathode : Na+ H+ (1)
Mark
allow 1 mark if 1 or 2 ions omitted
(2)
Question
Number
3(a)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
B
(1)
Question
Number
3(b)(i)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
2 e(-)(1) Pb (1)
(2)
Question
Number
3(b)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
An explanation linking the following
points
•
oxidation – is loss of electrons
(1)
•
reduction – is gain of
electrons(1)
(2)
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
3(c)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
An explanation linking any four of
the following points
•
at anode copper is lost (1)
•
(and) copper ions are formed
(1)
•
(because) copper atoms lose
electrons (1)
•
at cathode copper is
formed(1)
•
(and) copper atoms are
formed (1)
•
(because) copper ions gain
electrons (1)
•
mass lost at anode = mass
gained at cathode / mass
change the same (1)
•
(and) number of electrons lost
at anode = number of
electrons gained at cathode /
number of atoms lost at anode
= number of atoms gained at
cathode (1)
all points made in correctly balanced
half equations linked to the correct
electrodes can score 4 marks
(4)
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
4(a)(i)
Question
Number
4(a)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
reaction is reversible / in equilibrium
(1)
Answer
Mark
(1)
Acceptable answers
Mark
D
(1)
Question
Number
4(b)(i)
Question
Number
4(b)(ii)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
Any one from the following points
•
repeat to obtain
reliable/consistent results (1)
•
use more accurate
balance/syringe (1)
•
a sensible suggestion for
keeping the acid and
magnesium separate in the
flask/shaking to mix them
when the bung is in place (1)
(1)
Answer
Acceptable answers
no moles Mg = 0.072 (1) = 0.0030
24
Not 3 -03
Mark
(no. moles H2 = 0.0030)
volume 1 mol H2 = 66 (1)
0.003
= 22 000 cm3
OR
1 g magnesium gives 66 (1) cm3
0.072
24 g magnesium gives 66 x 24 (1)=
22 000 cm3
0.072
allow ecf
(2)
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
4(b)(iii)
Question
Number
4(c)
•
temperature lower/pressure
higher/ some hydrogen
escapes (1)
•
hence calculated volume
lower (1)
Answer
Allow other practical errors
explained to give a lower volume
(2)
Acceptable answers
Mark
no. moles Ca = 15 (1) = 0.375
40
volume H2 = 15 x 24000(1) = 9000 cm3
40
OR
40 g calcium gives 24000 cm 3
hydrogen
1 g calcium gives 24 000 (1) cm3
allow ecf
40
15 g calcium gives 24 000 x 15 (1) cm3
40
= 9000 cm3
(2)
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
5(a)(i)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
C
(1)
Question
Number
5(a)(ii)
Question
Number
5(b)
Question
Number
5(c)
Answer
Acceptable answers
fractional distillation / fractionation
(1)
distillation
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
(1)
Mark
A description including any two from
the following points
•
steam (1)
•
add catalyst (1)
phosphoric acid
•
high temperature (1)
300 °C
Answer
C2H5OH → C2H4 + H2O (2)
or left hand side (1)
right hand side (1)
(2)
Acceptable answers
Mark
(2)
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
QWC
*5(d)
Indicative Content
An evaluation including some of the following points
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Level
1
0
1-2
2
3-4
3
5-6
Question
Number
6(a)
Mark
country A : more land therefore more crops can be grown
more cycles therefore more crops
sugar – cheap, renewable resource
process is slow / batch process
needs lots of land to grow crops therefore not available for
food production
no money to buy/import crude oil
country B : large oil reserves for hydration of ethene method
little land available for growing sugar crops
only one cycle for growing crops
can be carried out quickly / continuous method
crude oil reserves will eventually run out
can afford to buy oil if necessarywealthy population likely to
use land for food production/building
(6)
No rewardable content
• description of two points from one or two countries
• the answer communicates ideas using simple language and uses limited
scientific terminology
• spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with limited accuracy
• comparison of at least two points for each country with consideration of
some camparative merits and/or demerits / comparison of one point for
both countries with at least two additional points for one country
• the answer communicates ideas showing some evidence of clarity and
organisation and uses scientific terminology appropriately
• spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with some accuracy
• comparison of a good range of points (at least 3) for each country with
consideration of camparative merits and/or demerits
• the answer communicates ideas clearly and coherently uses a range of
scientific terminology accurately
• spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with few errors
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
C
(1)
Question
Number
6(b)
Answer
Acceptable answers
hydrogen
H2
NOT H
Mark
(1)
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
6(c)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
ethyl ethanoate
ester group (1)
(2)
rest of molecule (1)
Question
Number
6(d)
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
An explanation linking the following
points
EITHER
• they have pleasant smells (1)
•
so used in perfumes (1)
•
they taste pleasant / fruity
(1)
•
so used in flavourings (1)
smell nice
eau de parfum / eau de toilette /
colognes or any sensible suggestion
OR
(2)
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme
Question
Number
QWC
*6(e)
Indicative Content
-
Mark
-
-
-
-
-
-
soap anion
•
•
•
•
•
•
part of soap anion is soluble in grease
hydrocarbon / tail part of anion soluble in grease
soap anion tail is hydrophobic/water-hating
part of soap anion is soluble in water
ionic part / head of anion soluble in water
soap anion head is hydrophilic/water-lovingsoap links/forms bridge
between grease and water
• soap anions form a bridge/link grease is surrounded by soap and
floats off clothing
Level
1
0
1-2
2
3-4
3
5-6
(6)
No rewardable content
• limited explanation in words or by use of a diagram of how soap reacts
with grease or water
• the answer communicates ideas using simple language and uses limited
scientific terminology
• spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with limited accuracy
• simple explanation in words or by use of a diagram of how soap reacts
with grease and water
• the answer communicates ideas showing some evidence of clarity and
organisation and uses scientific terminology appropriately
• spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with some accuracy
• comprehensive explanation in words or by use of a diagram of how soap
reacts with grease and water to remove the grease from the clothing
• the answer communicates ideas clearly and coherently uses a range of
scientific terminology accurately
• spelling, punctuation and grammar are used with few errors
5CH3H/01
Additional Sample Mark Scheme