Business Writing
Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp.
Training and Organizational Development
Human Resources Department
Module 3
Sentences: Parts, Function and
Structure
Business Writing
Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp.
Training and Organizational Development
Human Resources Department
Module 3
Lesson 2
Sentences according to Function
Types of Sentences
(according to Function)
Declarative
Interrogative
Imperative
Exclamatory
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
I. Declarative sentence is a sentence that gives
a statement of fact, conveys information,
states an idea or argues a point. It ends with
a period or full stop (.). The subject normally
precedes the verb.
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
Examples of Declarative Sentence:
•
The earth revolves around the sun. (states a fact)
•
Melissa will be back at 3 o’clock. (conveys
information)
•
If I can learn, I can teach. (states a fact)
•
Women are not sex objects. (argues a point)
•
The fragrance of the roses permeates the room.
(states a fact)
• The committee has decided on a plan of action.
(conveys information)
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
II. Interrogative sentence is a sentence
that asks questions or requests
information. It ends with a question
mark (?).
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
There are four forms of interrogative sentence:
• Yes/No interrogative sentence – The
sentence is introduced by helping verbs:
be, do and have or modal auxiliaries: will,
shall, would, should, can, could , may,
might, must, ought to.
Examples:
– Is Janice coming to your party?
– Have you passed your assignment?
– Could you help me with my homework?
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
• Alternative interrogative sentence is a
sentence that provides two or more
alternatives or choices for an answer.
Examples:
– Shall I call or email you?
– Would you like to go to Cebu or Palawan?
– Which would you like to buy: the blue
blouse or the beige pants?
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
• Wh-interrogative sentence is a sentence that
is introduced by interrogative pronouns –
who, whose, whom, what, which, where,
when, why and how. It produces an openended response.
Examples:
– Why doesn’t the sun shine at night?
– Where does the rain come from?
– What does the frog eat?
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
• Tag question is a question that is attached to
the ending of a declarative sentence. It
consists of an auxiliary verb - do, have, be followed by a pronoun or an existential
“there” and ends with a question mark (?).
Examples:
– Lucy graduates this March, doesn’t she?
– Your father has not retired yet, has he?
– There is a lake behind your house, isn’t
there?
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
III. Imperative sentence is a sentence that
states a command or a polite request,
gives directions, warning or advice, sends
a petition, asks permission or makes a
suggestion.
Examples:
–
–
–
Bring this memo to the Audit Department.
(command)
Please come early tomorrow. (polite request)
Click this link to go to Activities. (instruction)
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
– Lord, please spare our country from the
havoc of destruction. (Petition)
– Let’s watch a movie after we finish here.
(suggestion)
– May I borrow your notes? (request)
– Take two tablets of Neozep. (advice)
– Don’t touch it: it’s hot! (warning)
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
Examples of Imperative sentences with
exclamatory point/ question mark end
marks:
– Get out of my house! (command mixed with
anger)
– Run! (command mixed with urgency)
– May Dennis come out to play? (asking
permission)
– Would you please add your activities to your
profile? (a polite order in question form)
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
IV. Exclamatory sentence is a sentence that
conveys strong emotions such as anger,
adoration, admiration, love, excitement,
happiness, sadness, confusion,
exasperation, regret and etc. It ends
with an exclamation point (!)
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
Examples of exclamatory sentence:
– What an irresponsible child you are!
– How wonderful you are, O Lord!
– What a lovely gift you have given me!
– What a fast runner Ronnie is!
– How fast a runner Ronnie is!
– What a sad day is this for our country!
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
• Note 1: Not all exclamatory sentences follow
the “What” or “How” introductory pattern.
Some sentences may be introduced by
interjections.
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
• An interjection is a word added to a
sentence, usually declarative, to convey an
emotion or sentiment such as admiration,
anger, disgust, enthusiasm, excitement, joy,
pain, sorrow, etc.
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
Examples:
– Hooray, Mom’s arriving tomorrow!
(excitement)
– Amazing, your finishing time is almost a
world record! (admiration)
– Yuck, that man smells gross! (disgust)
– Ouch, you pinched me! (pain)
– Beloved, why do you have to die! (sorrow)
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
• Note 2: The interjection is separated from
the rest of the sentence by a comma. The
exclamation mark is found at the end of the
declarative sentence.
• Note 3: An exclamation mark at the end of
a declarative sentence can change the
context of the sentence.
Kinds of Sentences According to Function
Examples of Declarative sentence ending in
exclamatory point:
– You know you are not permitted to use my
things! (anger)
– I love you with all my heart! (passion)
– What have you done to your face! (question
accompanied by shock)
Sentences According to Function
Module 3, Lesson 2a Review
Questions
1. A sentence that conveys a strong
emotion is classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
2. A sentence that argues a point is
classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
Module 3, Lesson 2a
3. A sentence that is in form of an inquiry is
classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
4. A sentence that gives instructions is classified
as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
Module 3, Lesson 2a
5. A sentence that begins with “what” and
ends in exclamatory mark is classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
6. A sentence that begins as declarative but
ends in a tag is classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
Module 3, Lesson 2a
7. A sentence that gives suggestion is classified
as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
8. A sentence that allows you to make a choice
is classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
Module 3, Lesson 2a
9. The emotion conveyed when a declarative
sentence ends with an exclamatory mark is:
a) Anger
c) Urgency
b) Shock
d) All of the above
10. A word added to the sentence, usually a
declarative used to convey emotion or sentiment is:
a) Tag
b) Comma
c) Interjection
d) None of the above
Module 3, Lesson 2a
11.What punctuation mark separates an
interjection from the rest of the
sentence?
a) Comma
b) Exclamatory mark
c) Colon
d) Semi-colon
Sentences According to Function
.
Sentences According to Function
Identify the sentences below and put the
appropriate punctuation end mark on them.
1. Amelia, get away from that dog
2. May I borrow ten pesos
3. How are you
4. I need to study for my test tomorrow
5. Have a seat
6. Have you eaten already
7. Follow that road
8. It will bring you right in front of their house
Sentences According to Function
9. Gosh, you have cut your hair
10.Mina’s favorite flower is lily of the valley
11.Gee, your hair smells terrific
12.Let’s watch a movie tonight
13.Do you want me to fetch you tomorrow
14.Give my regards to your parents
15.Carmi has called you, hasn’t she
Sentences According to Function
If you got a score of 7 or less in the practice
exercise, please review the notes on
Sentences according to Function before
taking the quiz.
Please look over the uploaded Powerpoint
notes in Quia and check whether there
are other facts you need to include in your
Cheat Sheet.
Module 3, Lesson 2 Review
Questions
1. A sentence that conveys a strong
emotion is classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
2. A sentence that argues a point is
classified as:
a) declarative
c. imperative
b) interrogative
d. exclamatory
Module 3, Lesson 2
3. A sentence that is in form of an inquiry is
classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
4. A sentence that gives instructions is classified
as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
Module 3, Lesson 2
5. A sentence that begins with “what” and
ends in exclamatory mark is classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
6. A sentence that begins as declarative but
ends in a tag is classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
Module 3, Lesson 2
7. A sentence that gives suggestion is
classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
8. A sentence that allows you to make a
choice is classified as:
a) declarative
c) imperative
b) interrogative
d) exclamatory
Module 3, Lesson 2
9. The emotion conveyed when a declarative
sentence ends with an exclamatory mark is:
a) Anger
c) Urgency
b) Shock
d) All of the above
10. A word added to the sentence, usually a
declarative used to convey emotion or sentiment is:
a) Tag
b) comma
c) Interjection
d) None of the above
Module 3, Lesson 2
11.What punctuation mark separates an
interjection from the rest of the
sentence?
a) Comma
b) Exclamatory mark
c) Colon
d) Semi-colon
Sentences According to Function
Identify the sentences below and put the
appropriate punctuation end mark on
them.
1. Amelia, get away from that dog!
imperative
2. May I borrow ten pesos ? imperative
3. How are you? interrogative
4. I need to study for my test tomorrow.
declarative
Sentences According to Function
5.
6.
7.
8.
Have a seat. imperative
Have you eaten already ? Interrogative
Follow that road. imperative
It will bring you right in front of their
house. Declarative
9. Gosh, you’ve cut your hair ! Exclamatory
10. Mina’s favorite flower is lily of the valley.
declarative
Sentences According to Function
11. Gee, your hair smells terrific !
exclamatory
12. Let’s watch a movie tonight . imperative
13.Do you want me to fetch you tomorrow ?
Interrogative
14. Give my regards to your parents.
Imperative
15. Carmi has called you, hasn’t she ?
Interrogative
Module 3, Lesson 2: Sentences
According to Function Quiz
1. Please proceed to www. Quia.com/web
2. On the space provided, enter your log in
name and your password.
3. Under “Quiz”, please select Module 3,
Lesson 2, Quiz 1
4. Follow the instructions in the quiz.
5. Follow these same steps when you go to
succeeding quizzes after every lesson.
End of Module 3, Lesson 2