Right approach of 400G optical components
for next Generation Optical Network
Sep. 25th, 2014
ECOC 2014 Market Focus – Cannes
Yukiharu Fuse
[email protected]
Fujitsu Optical Components Limited
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Outline of the presentation
 100G optical components have been installed in the field
for years
 The network traffic continues growing
 Next level of Optical Network is required
 Right approach of 400Gb/s Optical Components
 Line side Optics
 Client side Optics
1T
400G
100G
This Presentation will review how to implement cost-effective 400G optical
components with the recent progress of optical component technologies.
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IP Traffic Growth
Monthly traffic
Global IP Traffic
Business - File Sharing
Business - Video
Consumer - Web & Other Data
Business - Web & Other Data
Consumer - File Sharing
91EB
Consumer - Video
Optical Network
132EB
Required Capacity
110EB
3 times in next 5 years
10 times in next 10 years
76EB
62EB
51EB
Required Bitrate (bit/s)
Source: Cisco VNI Global Traffic Forecast, 2013-2018
Contents to increase IP traffic
2013
2000
2010
2015
2020
10G
100G
400G
1T
400Gb/s is coming in 2015,
1Tb/s is expected in 2020.
2018
 Internet Video : 64% ⇒ 79%
Internet Video increases rapidly
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Line side optical Components
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100G Line side optics


DP-QPSK, the modulation format of choice for 100G transmission
Different type of Optical components are used
 Long Haul : High Performance
 Metro : Small size, Pluggable optics
Long haul
100G DP-QPSK
Metro
Small, pluggable
High performance
5”x7”
4”x5”
OIF TRP
LN
Modulator
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CFP
Digital
ICR
5
CFP2
ACO
InP
Mod.
Micro
ICR
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How to Increase Capacity for 400Gbit/s?
100G
(32Gbaud, DP-QPSK, 1l)
120GHz
90GHz
Electronics
limits
Baud rate
What about
400Gbit/s?
60GHz
30GHz
Reach limits
1
QPSK
16QAM 64QAM 256QAM
Modulation
format
2
3
4
Number of carriers
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 Parameters to increase capacity:
1. Baud rate
2. Modulation format
3. Number of carriers
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Modulation Format Options for 400G
Constellation
Baud Rate
DP-QPSK
32Gbaud
DP-QPSK
64Gbaud
DP-8QAM
44Gbaud
Capacity # of carriers
per carrier for 400G
100G
4
200G
Spectral
Efficiency
Reach
2
200G
50%
2
30%
DP-16QAM
32Gbaud
200G
2
20%
400G
DP-16QAM
64Gbaud
1
10%
400G
DP-64QAM
1
44Gbaud
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7
3%
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How to Increase Capacity in LH & Metro?
64QAM
32QAM
OSNR penalty (dB)
Long Distance
Change modulation
format @32Gbaud
16QAM
8QAM
QPSK
80G
Change baud rate
@QPSK
96G
64G
48G
32G
Bit rate per carrier with dual polarizations (Gbit/s)
Network
Solution
Long haul
Higher baud rate
Metro
Higher order modulation
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Advantage
Long distance
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High spectrum efficiency
(Cost per bit rate)
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Requirements of Optical Components
for Long Haul and Metro
Components for Long haul
Importance
Required
 Distance
Optical Components
High performance
OIF Transceiver
LN Modulator
ICR
Components for Metro
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ACO
100G DP-QPSK
ACO
150G DP-8QAM
…
DSP
Adaptive modulation
according to traffic
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DSP
DAC
 Cost
Framer
DAC
Pluggable
“pay as grow”
 Flexibility
ADC
DSP
ADC
Small size
Pluggable
…
4 x baud
DAC
 High density
Optical Components
…
Required
ADC
Importance
Line card
Adaptive modulation 200G DP-16QAM
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400G Optics for Long haul application
~ Steps up to 1Tbit/s ~
100G
400G
1T
Baud rate
32G
45G
64G
Modulation
DP-QPSK
2 x DP-8QAM
5 x DP-QPSK
1ch LN modulator
5ch LN modulator
2ch LN
modulator
Tx
Components
Ready
1ch ICR
(Higher bandwidth)
Challenge !
5ch ICR
(Higher bandwidth)
Rx
Components
2ch ICR
Ready
Challenge !
 45Gbaud 2ch integrated Tx/Rx components based on the extension of 100G
technology are suitable for 400G application.
 Need new technology investments for higher bandwidth 64Gbaud Tx/Rx
components.
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400G Optics for Metro application
~ Steps up to 1Tbit/s ~
Baud rate
Modulation
100G
400G
1T
32G
32G
50G
DP-QPSK


4 x DP-QPSK
2 x DP-16QAM
CFP2 ACO
Optical
Module
CFP Digital
Tx
Components
Rx
Components
Ready
CFP2 ACO
InP
Modulator
InP
Modulator
Ready
Micro ICR
Micro ICR
Ready



6 x DP-QPSK
3 x DP-16QAM
2 x DP-64QAM
CFP4 ACO
Challenge !
Challenge !
Need further
miniaturization
and/or integration
 Same optical Components can be applied for 100G and 400G application
 Need new technology investment of further space-saving Tx/Rx components
required for CFP4-ACO
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Client side optical Components
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100G Client side Optics
~SMF application~
 Form factor : CFP-MSA compliant
 Migration to Smaller size & Lower power for Higher density
 Optical interface : IEEE802.3 compliant LR4/ER4 : 25G x 4l LAN WDM
Form Factor
CFP
CFP2
CFP4
Dimensions (mm)
145 x 82 x 13.6
107.5 x 41.5 x 12.4
92 x 21.5 x 9.5
Power Consumption
~32W
~12W
~6W
CEI-28G-VSR
4 x 25G
CAUI
10 x 10G
CFP
100GBASE-LR4
100GBASE-ER4
CEI-28G-VSR
4 x 25G
100GBASE-LR4
100GBASE-ER4
CFP2
4 x 25G
LAN-WDM
4 x 25G
LAN-WDM
CFP4
100GBASE-LR4
100GBASE-ER4
4 x 25G
LAN-WDM
4ch Integrated
Low Pc
Optical Device
4ch Integrated
Optical Device
Discrete
Optical Devices
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How to implement 400G Ethernet module?
~SMF application~
Cost Per Bitrate
100G
400G
Excess
Cost
How can we introduce 400G
optical module ?
1T
Volume
Time
100G
400G
1T
Volume
Time
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Candidates of 400G Ethernet module
~SMF application 2km, 10km~
① 50Gb/s PAM4 x 8l
② 50Gb/s NRZ x 8l＞
50Gb/s PAM4
50Gb/s NRZ
 Baud rate : 25Gbd
 Multi-level modulation
 Baud rate : 50Gbd
 NRZ modulation
③ 100Gb/s PAM4 x 4l
④ 100Gb/s DMT x 4l (Discrete Multi Tone)
100Gb/s PAM4
Discrete multi-tone (DMT)
 Baud rate : 50Gbd
 Multi-level modulation
OFDM-based multi-carrier modulation format
Adaptive bit loading for each subcarrier
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Cost Comparison for 400GE options
~SMF application~
 Transceiver cost mainly depends on internal optical
components cost (TOSA/ROSA).
 Internal optical components cost is strongly dependent
on the number of optical components(LDs/PDs), and the
required bandwidth of these components.
100GE
400GE
25Gbps NRZ
x 4l
50Gbps PAM4
x 8l
50Gbps NRZ
x 8l
100Gbps PAM4
X 4l
100Gbps DMT
x 4l
4
8
8
4
4
For 25Gbps
(Limiting)
For 25Gbps
(Linear)
For 50Gbps
(Limiting)
For 50Gbps
(Linear)
For 25Gbps
(Linear)
Transmission
distance
-
~10km
~10km
~2km
~10km
Cost rank
-
$$
$$$$
$$
$
Tx LD / Rx PD
Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT) technology reduces both number of optical
components as well as required component bandwidth, resulting in lowest cost.
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Leverage 100G technologies
Bitrate/ l,
# of lane
100GE CFP4 LR4
400GE CDP (based on DMT)
25Gbps/l x 4
100Gbps/l x 4
Block
Diagram
TOSA
ROSA
Internal
structure
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DFB
LD
Common25Gbps-Class
internal optical
Components
(TOSA/ROSA)
can
beTIA
used
25Gbps-Class
PIN
ROSA
TOSA
DMT
LSI
17
ROSA
TOSA
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Summary
 Line Side Optics
 LH and Metro requires different transmission performance and different
optical components, its tendency is more noticeable on Beyond 100G.
• LH
: Higher Baud rate enables higher capacity keeping high performance.
45Gbaud Optical Components are suitable for 400G based on the existing
100G components technology.
• Metro : Higher order modulation enables higher capacity with same HW.
CFP2 ACO can be applied not only for 100G but also for 400G.
 Client Side Optics
 Several implementations (PAM4, DMT, NRZ) are being reviewed as the
candidates of 400G Ethernet (SMF) module.
• DMT technology reduces both number of optical components as well as required
component bandwidth, resulting in lowest cost.
• 400GE based on DMT can use same Optical Devices with 100GE CFP4 LR4.
 Leverage 100G matured volume
 Smooth migration from 100G with minimum excess cost
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