Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Advances in Electronics and Communication Engineering
(RACE-2014), 28-29 March 2014
Integrated Comprehensive solution for
Substation Automation Management System
Software
Shivani Sharma1 , Prof. (Dr.) Dr. Priyanka Sharma 2
1
PhD Scholar, Power System Engineering, at SICART, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidya Nagar , Gujarat.
India.
2
Professor in MCA, Institute of Science and Technology for Advanced Studies and Research (ISTAR), Vallabh Vidya
Nagar , Gujarat. India.
Email- [email protected] , Email- [email protected]
Abstract- This paper describes concept of Intelligent Substation Automation (iSub) that provides protection, control,
automation, monitoring, and communication capabilities as a part of a comprehensive substation solution. iSub is the
brain of the substation that interfaces with its peers to adapt and respond to dynamically changing system conditions.
This built-in expansion capability allows user to utilize the advanced capabilities of ETAP as a distributed control system
for electrical power systems with all the ETAP Real-Time software functionalities. Key Features: Automatic supervision
of interlocks, Graphical presentations of safety procedures, Local & global alarm & warnings, Detect fault location useful for distribution systems, Equipment diagnostics, Intelligent interlocking system Diagnostics of disturbances,
Automation with supervisory & advisory control, Substation control via operator, Enforce complex logic for device
protection & coordination, Programmable Logic Editor with online compiling & execution, Automatic generation of
switching sequences, Enterprise-wide view of system via intelligent one-line diagram, Automated retrieval of all data from
the substation, Security control with multiple access levels, Supporting third party SCADA technology.Key Benefits:
Minimizes outages, Reduces operating & maintenance costs, Enhances information management, Improves productivity,
Improves asset management
Keywords – Intelligent Substation Automation, ETAP Real-Time software
I INTRODUCTION
Modern power management system requires new techniques and cutting edge technology to allow electrical
power users and producers to be competitive. In light of recent power crisis and rising electricity costs, it’s
imperative for a power management system software to put you in control of operation, maintenance, and planning
of your electrical system resulting in optimum system utilization, lower costs, and maintain financial stability. [1]
The smart grid promises a more efficient way of supplying and consuming energy. In essence, the smart grid is a
data communications network integrated with the power grid that enables power grid operators to collect and
analyze data about power generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption—all in near real time. Smart grid
communication technology provides predictive information and recommendations to utilities, their suppliers, and
their customers on how best to manage power.
To achieve this vision of ubiquitous near–real time information, a transformation of the power grid
communications infrastructure is needed, particularly in transmission and distribution substations. While modern
data communication has evolved from telephony modems to IP networks, many power utilities are still deploying
modem access and serial bus technology to communicate with their substations. The existing supervisory control
and data acquisition (SCADA) remote terminal unit (RTU) systems located inside the substation cannot scale and
evolve to support next generation intelligence. Since flexible IEC 61850–compliant intelligent electronic devices
(IEDs) and utility-grade rugged IP routers and Ethernet switches have become more widely available, many utilities
are now ready to transform their communications networks from serial to IP-based communications. [2]
Figure 1 shows the transition from a legacy substation to a next generation substation.
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Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Advances in Electronics and Communication Engineering
(RACE-2014), 28-29 March 2014
Figure 1. Substation Migration in Process
The migration toward this future transmission and distribution substation is taking place because of the desire to
bring more automation and intelligence to the power grid network to address a myriad of utility concerns such as
how to reduce operational expenses to ways to meet new regulatory requirements.
II SIGNIFICANT COMPONENTS OF POWER SYSTEM AUTOMATION
Power-system automation is the act of automatically controlling the power system via instrumentation and
control devices. Substation automation refers to using data from Intelligent electronic devices (IED), control and
automation capabilities within the substation, and control commands from remote users to control power-system
devices. Since full substation automation relies on substation integration, the terms are often used interchangeably.
power-system automation includes processes associated with generation and delivery of power. Monitoring and
control of power delivery systems in the substation and on the pole to reduce the occurrence of outages and shorten
the duration of outages that do occur. The IEDs, communications protocols, and communications methods, work
together as a system to perform power-system automation. The term “power system” describes the collection of
devices that make up the physical systems that generate, transmit, and distribute power. The term “instrumentation
and control (I&C) system” refers to the collection of devices that monitor, control, and protect the power system.
Power-system automation is composed of several tasks.
A. Data acquisitionData acquisition refers to acquiring, or collecting, data. This data is collected in the form of measured analog
current or voltage values or the open or closed status of contact points. Acquired data can be used locally within the
device collecting it, sent to another device in a substation, or sent from the substation to one or several databases for
use by operators, engineers, planners, and administration.
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Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Advances in Electronics and Communication Engineering
(RACE-2014), 28-29 March 2014
B. SupervisionComputer processes and personnel supervise, or monitor, the conditions and status of the power system using
this acquired data. Operators and engineers monitor the information remotely on computer displays and graphical
wall displays or locally, at the device, on front-panel displays and laptop computers.
Figure 2. Intelligent Monitoring by ETAP software
C. ControlControl refers to sending command messages to a device to operate the I&C and power-system devices.
Traditional supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems rely on operators to supervise the system and
initiate commands from an operator console on the master computer. Field personnel can also control devices using
front-panel push buttons or a laptop computer.
In addition, another task is power-system integration, which is the act of communicating data to, from, or
among IEDs in the I&C system and remote users. Substation integration refers to combining data from the IED’s
local to a substation so that there is a single point of contact in the substation for all of the I&C data.
Figure 3. Production loss per event and motor starting curve
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Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Advances in Electronics and Communication Engineering
(RACE-2014), 28-29 March 2014
ETAP SOFTWARE CAPABILITIESSystem monitoring is the base function for any power management software. In addition, seamless integration
with metering devices, data acquisition, and archiving systems are essential to monitoring software. Real-time or
snapshot data are linked to an online model of the system for proper presentation of actual operating status. All this
information should be accessible to the system operator through advance manmachine interfaces such as an
interactive one-line diagram that provides logical system-wide view. Refer Figure 2 & 3. [3]
II.
SUBSTATION AUTOMATION BUSINESS FACTORS AND BENEFITS
The transition from a legacy to future substation is taking place because of various substation automation
factors[4]:
a) Reduce operations expense: The future substation reduces operational expenses by converging multiple control
and monitoring systems onto a single IP network while helping ensure higher priority for grid operational and
management traffic. This network convergence enables utility companies to reduce power outages and service
interruptions as well as decrease response times by quickly identifying, isolating, diagnosing, and repairing
faults. These improvements are achieved through automation and flexible access to operational control systems
and, in the future, through better data correlation across multiple monitoring systems. In addition, many utilities
are facing an aging workforce, which will be retiring in the next 5 to 10 years. Utilities need to fill their pipeline
of talent with a younger workforce that is capable of operating today’s electric grid, but who can also help build
the smart grid of the future. Utilities can benefit from substation automation by more efficiently using their
existing workforce and reducing the amount of service calls through programs such as condition-based
maintenance. Further, substation automation allows utilities to extract further value from their corporate
networks by providing a remote workforce secure access to applications and data that are located in the
operations center.
b) Reduce capital expense: As demand for energy continues to grow, utilities must find ways to generate power to
meet peak loads. As a regulated industry, utilities must provide power regardless of the amount of power
consumed. The cost of providing spinning reserves for peak load hours of the year is extremely high for society.
Utilities are challenged to find new ways to shave peak load to help reduce costs and manage supply and
demand of energy more efficiently. Substation automation can be the enabling technology for mass-scale peak
load shaving and demand response, which will reduce the need to build as many power plants to meet peak
demand. Additionally, substation automation can reduce the expense and complexity of dedicated control
wiring between devices found in many transmission and distribution substations today by converging to an
Ethernet based network. Logical network segmentation and reconfiguration of IED connectivity are much
simpler to achieve. Point-to-point wiring not only is expensive, but also increases the difficulty of fault isolation
detection.
c) Enable distributed intelligence: As network intelligence expands beyond the control center out into the
substations, new applications can be developed that enable distributed protection, control, and automation
functions. A distributed intelligent network also introduces opportunities for new service creation, such as
business and home energy management. Meet regulatory compliance: For many governments, utilities are
considered critical infrastructure and have economic and national security concerns. Because of this, various
regulatory mandates exist or are emerging that require utilities to secure, monitor, and manage their critical data
networks in accordance with regulatory requirements.
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Proceedings of National Conference on Recent Advances in Electronics and Communication Engineering
(RACE-2014), 28-29 March 2014
Figure 4. Power management system adapting to all real-time situations
IV.CONCLUSION
An integrated solution to help energy organizations make the transformation to smarter grid, starting with a
foundation of converged IP networks and proven security principles for substation automation is established. From a
technology standpoint, the networking equipment and software with integrated security capabilities that empower
energy organizations to use experience to build end-to-end, secure IP networks need to be developed. The maturity,
reliability, and success of these products and services can shorten the learning curve for power grid. iSub is the brain
of the substation that interfaces with its peers to adapt and respond to dynamically changing system conditions. This
built-in expansion capability allows user to utilize the advanced capabilities of ETAP as a distributed control system
for electrical power systems with all the ETAP Real-Time software functionalities. Key Features include Automatic
supervision of interlocks, Graphical presentations of safety procedures, Local & global alarm & warnings, Detect
fault location - useful for distribution systems, Equipment diagnostics, Intelligent interlocking system Diagnostics of
disturbances, Automation with supervisory & advisory control, Substation control via operator, Enforce complex
logic for device protection & coordination, Programmable Logic Editor with online compiling & execution,
Automatic generation of switching sequences, Enterprise-wide view of system via intelligent one-line diagram,
Automated retrieval of all data from the substation, Security control with multiple access levels, Supporting third
party SCADA technology and Key Benefits are Minimizes outages, Reduces operating & maintenance costs,
Enhances information management, Improves productivity, Improves asset management.
V REFERENCE
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
What You Always Wanted From A Power Management System, By Shervin Shokooh, Richard Ramirez, Tanuj Khandelwal, Operation
Technology, Inc., August 2001
Substation Automation for the Smart Grid, 2010, Cisco.
ETAP help file, http://etap.com/real-time/real-time-docs/PSMS-Magazine-Article-back.pdf
ABB substation automation and protection for greater profitability.
Substation Automation based on IEC 61850 with new process-close Technologies, Lars Andersson, Christoph Brunner, Member, IEEE, and
Fred Engler, 2002.
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