Threatened and Endangered Species at the Saint Louis Zoo
One of the Zoo’s critical functions is to provide a refuge for animal species that are at risk in the wild. Conservation status
tells us how a particular species is faring in the wild, and various scientific organizations monitor animals’ status. The Zoo
follows the status system developed by IUCN, the World Conservation Union.* Under this system, a species may be
considered either extinct in the wild, critically endangered, endangered, threatened, near threatened, common, or status
unknown.
Another source of species’ conservation status is the United States Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS). In this system, a
species may be classified as either endangered or threatened. Species on the USFWS list are protected under the
Endangered Species Act.
The Zoo is home to hundreds of species of threatened and endangered animals. Some of these species require special zoo
population management practices, known as Species Survival Plans (SSPs). For a given SSP species, a network of North
American zoos works together to manage all captive individuals to maintain a healthy population. Some species, rather than
being managed by an SSP, are managed by Population Management Plans (PMPs); these plans provide basic population
management for species that do not require the intensive management of SSPs.
When you visit the Zoo, look for these animals of conservation concern. Please note that not all animals will be on exhibit at
all times.
MAMMALS
Common name
Matschie's Tree Kangaroo
Tammar Wallaby
Red Kangaroo
Linne's Two-toed Sloth
Hoffmann's Two-toed Sloth
Giant Anteater
Southern Three-banded
Armadillo
Scientific name
Dendrolagus
matschiei
Macropus eugenii
Macropus rufus
Choloepus didactylus
Choloepus hoffmanni
Myrmecophaga
tridactyla
Black Lemur
Tolypeutes matacus
Eulemur macaco
macaco
Mongoose Lemur
Eulemur mongoz
Ring-tailed Lemur
Red Ruffed Lemur
Black and White Ruffed
Lemur
Lemur catta
Varecia rubra
Coquerel's Sifaka
Goeldi's Monkey
Geoffroy's Marmoset
Pygmy Marmoset
Varecia variegata
Propithecus verreauxi
coquereli
Callimico goeldii
Callithrix geoffroyi
Callithrix pygmaea
Conservation status
IUCN*
USFWS
Endangered
Common
Common
Common
Common
Near
threatened
Near
threatened
Zoo
population
management
Location at the
Saint Louis Zoo
SSP
PMP
PMP
PMP
PMP
Children's Zoo
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
Children's Zoo
Primate House
PMP
River's Edge
PMP
Children's Zoo
Primate House
Primate House
Threatened
Endangered
SSP
Threatened
Near
threatened
Endangered
Critically
endangered
Endangered
SSP
Endangered
Endangered
SSP
SSP
Endangered
SSP
Primate House
Primate House
Children’s Zoo,
Primate House
Endangered
Endangered
PMP
SSP
SSP
PMP
Primate House
Primate House
Primate House
Primate House
Endangered
Threatened
Common
Common
Primate House
Golden-headed Lion Tamarin
Leontopithecus
chrysomelas
Cotton-top Tamarin
Black-handed Spider Monkey
White-faced Saki
Lion-tailed Macaque
Black and White Colobus
Monkey
Saguinus oedipus
Ateles geoffroyi
Pithecia pithecia
Macaca silenus
Western Lowland Gorilla
Gorilla gorilla gorilla
Chimpanzee
Pan troglodytes
Sumatran Orangutan
Pongo abelii
Bush dog
Fennec fox
Speothos venaticus
Vulpes zerda
Ailurus fulgens
fulgens
Helarctos malayanus
Tremarctos ornatus
Red Panda
Malayan Sun Bear
Spectacled Bear
Colobus guereza
Endangered
Critically
endangered
Endangered
Common
Endangered
Common
Critically
Endangered
Endangered
Critically
endangered
Near
threatened
Common
Ursus americanus
Ursus arctos horribilis
Common
Common
North American River Otter
Slender-tailed Meerkat
Dwarf Mongoose
Spotted Hyena
Cheetah
Lontra canadensis
Suricata suricatta
Helogale parvula
Crocuta crocuta
Acinonyx jubatus
Felis margarita
margarita
Common
Common
Common
Common
Threatened
Near
threatened
Puma
Lion
Puma concolor
Panthera leo
Jaguar
Somali Wild Ass
Grevy's Zebra
Panthera onca
Panthera pardus
orientalis
Uncia uncia
Panthera tigris altaica
Zalophus
californianus
californianus
Elephas maximus
Equus asinus
somaliensis
Equus grevyi
Black Rhinoceros
Babirusa
Diceros bicornis
Babyrousa babyrussa
Amur Leopard
Snow Leopard
Amur Tiger
California Sea Lion
Asian Elephant
SSP
Endangered
Endangered
SSP
SSP
PMP
SSP
Primate House
Primate House
Primate House
Primate House
SSP
Primate House
Fragile Forest,
Jungle of the Apes
Fragile Forest,
Jungle of the Apes
Fragile Forest,
Jungle of the Apes
Endangered
Endangered
SSP
Endangered
SSP
Endangered
SSP
SSP
SSP
SSP
River’s Edge
Children’s Zoo
Currently off
display
Bear Bluffs
Bear Bluffs
PMP
PMP
PMP
PMP
SSP
Bear Bluffs
Bear Bluffs
Children's Zoo,
Chain of Lakes
Children's Zoo
River's Edge
River's Edge
River's Edge
SSP
Children's Zoo
PMP
SSP
Big Cat Country
Big Cat Country
Endangered
SSP
Big Cat Country
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
PMP
SSP
SSP
Big Cat Country
Big Cat Country
Big Cat Country
Endangered
PMP
SSP
Sea Lion Basin
River's Edge
Endangered
Threatened
PMP
SSP
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
Endangered
Endangered
SSP
SSP
River's Edge
Antelope Yards
SSP
Threatened
Threatened
Threatened
Black Bear
Grizzly Bear
Sand Cat
Endangered
Common
Threatened
Near
threatened
Critically
endangered
Endangered
Endangered
Common
Endangered
Critically
endangered
Endangered
Critically
endangered
Threatened
One
subspecies
Threatened
Threatened
Endangered
Some
subspecies
Endangered
Warthog
Red River Hog
Phacochoerus
africanus
Potamochoerus
porcus
Hippopotamus
Sus cebifrons
Catagonus wagneri
Hippopotamus
amphibius
Bactrian Camel
Camelus bactrianus
Greater Malayan Chevrotain
Reticulated Giraffe
Tragulus napu
Giraffa
camelopardalis
reticulata
Okapi
Cuvier's Gazelle
Okapia johnstoni
Gazella cuvieri
Mhorr Gazelle
Gazella dama mhorr
Gazella
soemmerringii
Gazella spekei
Litocranius walleri
walleri
Bos javanicus
Tragelaphus
eurycerus isaaci
Tragelaphus imberbis
australis
Budorcas taxicolor
tibetana
Nemorhaedus
caudatus
arnouxianus
Ovis orientalis arkal
Cephalophus rufilatus
Addax
nasomaculatus
Oryx leucoryx
Visayan Warty Pig
Chacoan Peccary
Soemmerring's Gazelle
Speke's Gazelle
Gerenuk
Banteng
Mountain Bongo
Lesser Kudu
Sichuan Takin
Central Chinese Goral
Transcaspian Urial
Red-flanked Duiker
Addax
Arabian Oryx
Chinchilla
Black-tailed Prairie Dog
St. Vincent's Agouti
Capybara
Chinchilla lanigera
Cynomys
ludovicianus
Dasyprocta leporina
aguti
Hydrochaeris
hydrochaeris
Common
PMP
Antelope Yards
Common
Critically
endangered
Endangered
PMP
River's Edge
SSP
SSP
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
PMP
River's Edge
PMP
Antelope Yards
Currently off
display
PMP
Antelope Yards
Endangered
SSP
PMP
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
Endangered
SSP
Antelope Yards
PMP
PMP
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
PMP
SSP
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
SSP
Antelope Yards
PMP
Antelope Yards
Threatened
PMP
Antelope Yards
Threatened
Threatened
Common
Critically
endangered
Endangered
Critically
endangered
PMP
PMP
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
SSP
SSP
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
Threatened
Critically
endangered
Endangered
Common
Subspecies
not assessed
Near
Threatened
Endangered
Critically
endangered
Threatened
Endangered
Near
Threatened
Endangered
Critically
endangered
Near
Threatened
Common
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
Children's Zoo
The Wild,
Children's Zoo
Under
review
Common
PMP
Children's Zoo
Common
PMP
River's Edge
BIRDS
Common name
Stanley Crane
Wattled Crane
Sarus Crane
White-naped Crane
Buff-crested Bustard
Scientific name
Anthropoides
paradisea
Bugeranus
carunculatus
Grus antigone
Grus vipio
Lophotis ruficrista
Horned Puffin
Fratercula cirrhata
Fratercula
corniculata
Great Hornbill
Buceros bicornis
Rhinoceros Hornbill
Buceros rhinoceros
Halcyon
cinnamomina
cinnamomina
Struthio camelus
Anodorhynchus
hyacinthinus
Eudyptes
chrysocome
Tufted Puffin
Micronesian Kingfisher
Ostrich
Hyacinth Macaw
Rockhopper Penguin
Gentoo Penguin
Humboldt Penguin
Bali Mynah
Java Rice Finch
Congo Peacock
Pygoscelis papua
Spheniscus
humboldti
Leucopsar
rothschildi
Lonchura oryzivora
Afropavo congensis
Palawan Peacock Pheasant
Colinus virginianus
Oreophasis
derbianus
Crax pauxi pauxi
Polyplectron
emphanum
Crested Wood Partridge
Cabot's Tragopan
Rollulus roulroul
Tragopan caboti
Satyr Tragopan
Tragopan satyra
Bleeding Heart Dove
Gallicolumba luzonia
Gallicolumba
xanthonura
Goura victoria
Northern Bobwhite Quail
Horned Guan
Helmeted Curassow
White-throated Ground Dove
Victoria Crowned Pigeon
Jambu Fruit Dove
Marianas Fruit Dove
Ptilinopus jambu
Ptilinopus
roseicapilla
Conservation status
IUCN*
USFWS
Zoo
population
management
Threatened
Threatened
Threatened
Threatened
Common
Location at the
Saint Louis Zoo
Antelope Yards
Common
PMP
Common
Near
Threatened
Near
Threatened
PMP
Antelope Yards
Antelope Yards
Bird Garden
Bird House
Penguin and
Puffin Coast
Penguin and
Puffin Coast
SSP
Bird House
SSP
Bird House
SSP
Bird House - off
display
Antelope Yards
Common
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
SSP
PMP
SSP
PMP
Endangered
PMP
Threatened
Near
Threatened
PMP
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
Threatened
Threatened
SSP
Bird House
Penguin and
Puffin Coast
Penguin and
Puffin Coast
Penguin and
Puffin Coast
SSP
Bird House
SSP
Bird House
Cypress Swamp
in the 1904 Flight
Cage
PMP
Endangered
Near
Threatened
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
Threatened
Near
Threatened
Threatened
Near
Threatened
Near
Threatened
Near
Threatened
Threatened
Near
Threatened
Endangered
Endangered
PMP
Bird House
Bird Garden
PMP
Bird House
Bird House and
Garden
Bird House
PMP
Bird Garden
PMP
Bird House
Endangered
PMP
Bird House
Bird House
Bird House – off
display
PMP
Bird House
SSP
Cinereous Vulture
Aegypius monachus
Bald Eagle
Philippine Duck
Swan Goose
Haliaeetus
leucocephalus
Anas luzonica
Anser cygnoides
Common White-eye
Ne-ne
White-winged Wood Duck
Aythya nyroca
Branta sandvicensis
Cairina scutulata
Near
Threatened
Common
Threatened
Threatened
Near
Threatened
Threatened
Endangered
SSP
Threatened
in Southwest
Region
Bird House
Bird Garden
North Lake
South Lake
SSP
South Lake
Cove Lake
North Lake
Zoo
population
management
Location at the
Saint Louis
Zoo
Endangered
Threatened
SSP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Endangered
Endangered
SSP
PMP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Endangered
PMP
Herpetarium
PMP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Endangered
Endangered
REPTILES
Common name
Chinese Alligator
Yacare Caiman
Cuban Crocodile
False Gharial
Fiji Banded Iguana
Armadillo Girdle-tailed Lizard
Rhinoceros Iguana
Scientific name
Alligator sinensis
Caiman yacare
Crocodylus
rhombifer
Tomistoma schlegelii
Brachylophus
fasciatus
Cordylus
cataphractus
Cyclura cornuta
Madagascar Ground Boa
Diploglossus warreni
Heloderma horridum
horridum
Heloderma
suspectum cinctum
Phelsuma standingi
Varanus
komodoensis
Acrantophis
madagascariensis
Dumeril's Boa
Boa dumerili
Aruba Island Rattlesnake
Ridgenosed Rattlesnake
Jamaican Boa
Crotalus unicolor
Crotalus willardi
Epicrates subflavus
Montivipera
bulgardaghica
Montivipera raddei
Montivipera wagneri
Haitian Giant Galliwasp
Mexican Beaded Lizard
Banded Gila Monster
Banded Day Gecko
Komodo Dragon
Bolkar Viper
Armenian Viper
Ocellate Mountain Viper
Northern Watersnake
Madagascar Tree Boa
Mang Mountain Pitviper
Anatolian Viper
Hermon Mountain Viper
Caucasus Viper
Nerodia sipedon
Sanzinia
madagascariensis
Trimeresurus
mangshanensis
Vipera albizona
Vipera bornmuelleri
Vipera kaznakovi
Conservation status
IUCN*
USFWS
Critically
endangered
Common
Critically
endangered
Endangered
Endangered
Threatened
Threatened
Critically
endangered
Herpetarium
Common
PMP
Herpetarium
Threatened
Threatened
PMP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
SSP
Herpetarium
Threatened
SSP
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
Common
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
SSP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium,
Children's Zoo
SSP
PMP
PMP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
PMP
PMP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Threatened
Endangered
Threatened
Threatened
Endangered
Endangered
Common
One
subspecies
Threatened
Herpetarium
Threatened
Herpetarium
Threatened
Endangered
Endangered
Endangered
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Lataste's Viper
Tuatara
Pig-nosed Turtle
Narrow-headed Softshelled
Turtle
Spotted Turtle
Vipera latasti
gaditana
Sphenodon
punctatus
Carettochelys
insculpta
Chitra chitra
Clemmys guttata
McCord's Box Turtle
Cuora mccordi
Central American River Turtle
South American Yellow-foot
Tortoise
Dermatemys mawii
Geochelone
denticulata
Geochelone
gigantea
Geochelone nigra
Aldabra Tortoise
Galapagos Tortoise
Gopher Tortoise
Geochelone radiata
Gopherus
polyphemus
Arakan Forest Turtle
Asian Giant Pond Turtle
Yellow-headed Temple Turtle
Cape Speckled Padloper
Tortoise
Elongated Tortoise
Heosemys depressa
Heosemys grandis
Hieremys annandalii
Homopus signatus
signatus
Indotestudo elongata
Radiated Tortoise
Alligator Snapping Turtle
African Pancake Tortoise
Vietnamese Big-headed
Turtle
Arrau Turtle
Yellow-spotted Amazon River
Turtle
Northern Spider Tortoise
Box Turtle
Balkan Hermann's Tortoise
Egyptian Tortoise
Yellow-bellied Slider
Macroclemys
temminckii
Malacochersus
tornieri
Platysternon
megacephalum shiui
Podocnemis
expansa
Podocnemis unifilis
Pyxis arachnoides
brygooi
Terrapene carolina
Testudo hermanni
hermanni
Testudo kleinmanni
Trachemys scripta
scripta
Near
Threatened
Common
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
Critically
Endangered
Herpetarium
Endangered
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
PMP
Endangered
Herpetarium
Threatened
Threatened
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
Threatened
Endangered
Near
Threatened
Endangered
Herpetarium
Endangered
PMP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Endangered
SSP
Herpetarium
Threatened
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Chain of Lakes,
Living World,
Herpetarium
Threatened
Threatened
PMP
Endangered
Near
Threatened
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
Near
Threatened
Endangered
Critically
Endangered
Near
Threatened
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Endangered
Herpetarium
PMP
Herpetarium
Children's Zoo,
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
PMP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
AMPHIBIANS
Common name
Scientific name
Panamanian Golden Frog
Atelopus zeteki
Wyoming Toad
Bufo baxteri
Mountain Chicken
Leptodactylus fallax
Golden Mantella
Bernhard's Mantella
Splendid Mantella
Mantella aurantiaca
Mantella bernhardi
Mantella pulchra
Puerto Rican Crested Toad
Peltophryne lemur
Tiger Salamander
Ambystoma tigrinum
Chinese Giant Salamander
Alligator Newt
Andrias davidianus
Cryptobranchus
alleganiensis
Echinotriton
andersoni
Iberian Ribbed Newt
Pleurodeles waltl
Emperor Newt
Tylototriton shanjing
Hellbender
Conservation status
IUCN*
USFWS
Critically
Endangered
Extinct in the
wild
Critically
Endangered
Critically
Endangered
Endangered
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
Common
Critically
Endangered
Near
Threatened
Zoo
population
management
Location at the
Saint Louis
Zoo
Endangered
PMP
Herpetarium
Endangered
SSP
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
PMP
Threatened
One
subspecies
Endangered
SSP
Herpetarium,
Living World
Herpetarium
Children’s Zoo
Herpetarium
Children's Zoo
Endangered
Herpetarium
Herpetarium
Endangered
Near
Threatened
Near
Threatened
Herpetarium
Children's Zoo,
Herpetarium
PMP
Herpetarium
Zoo
population
management
Location at the
Saint Louis
Zoo
SSP
Insectarium
PMP
Insectarium
SSP
Insectarium
INVERTEBRATES
Common name
Partula Snails
Mexican Red-knee
American Burying Beetle
Scientific name
Partula nodosa, P.
taeniata
Brachypelma smithi
Nicrophorus
americanus
Conservation status
IUCN*
USFWS
Extinct in the
Wild
Near
Threatened
Critically
Endangered
Endangered
* For the sake of clarity, the Saint Louis Zoo has changed the name of some of IUCN’s status categories. We use the term
Threatened instead of the IUCN term Vulnerable, Common instead of the IUCN term Least Concern, and Unknown instead of
the IUCN terms Data Deficient or Not Evaluated.
Saint Louis Zoo Education Department, 2009