Ecologicalcondition and the recommendedRed List
of the Crig/Ktiriisrriver system
Andrei Sdrkdny-Kiss & Kunigunda Macalik
Abstrsct
This concluding study analysesthe ecologicalcondition of the river system. Its
statementsare basedon the statementsof the authorsof this book. Although the polluted
sectionsare not very long, the ecologicalcondition and the living organismsof theserivers
are endangeredby the seriously high content of xenobiotics.The hydrotechnicalworks
have a negativeeffect on the quality of the water.The red list concernsonly the Crig/K<ircis
Basin. In this Basin there are a lot of valuableareaswhich should be protected.
Keywords: Crig/KdrdsRivers, ecologicalcondition, Red List.
Discussion
The statementsof this concludingstudy are basedon the statementsof the authorsof
this book, and the red list was accomplishedaccordingto the their suggestions,too.
The condition of the river system (Criqul Alb/Fehdr-Kdr6s, Crigul Negru/
and Barcdu/Beretty6)rivers is relatively good
Fekete-Kdrcis,Crigul Repede/Sebes-K6rtis
rivers.
The
observedpollution arenot causingspectacular
comparedto otherTransylvanian
changes,only on some short sections of the rivers. On the lower reach of the three
Crig/l(6rds rivers we identified associationsand specieswhose presenceindicate to fairly
good water quality. For example, in all the three Crig/Kdrds rivers the presenceof the
Plecoptera,EphemeropteraandBivalvia faunais significant.
Only on the lst site the Crigul Alb/Feh6r-Kiiriis river can be consideredas being in
a natural state.This fact is supportedby the studiesfrom this book. On the 2nd sampling
site the dam constructionsat Mihiileni caused significant changes. On the 3rd site
(downstreamat Brad) a greatinfluenceof the drainageand the waste-watercan be noticed.
The first name is Romanian,and the secondHungarian.
381
These two human effects break the continuous areal of such sensitive specieslike the
Plecoptera,Ephemeropteraspecies and Ancylusfluviatilis snail. The abundancyof the
of the sedimentsrich in
Oligochaetaspeciesis considerablyhigh, as the consequence
organicmatter.Due to the naturalclearing,the condition of the river is gettingbetterbefore
the 5th site (Almag); this is why the Ancylusfluviatilis snail reappears.It is only from the
5th sitethatwe could find the Unionidashells,althoughthe 3rd and the 4th sitescouldwell
be suitablefor their spreading;it is quite probablethat they had stockedthis reach in the
past.On the middle and lower reachof the river the woodedterritoriesare few, the river is
borderedwith agricultural land; so the river is affectedby antropogenousinfluences.On
the lower reachof the river the sensitiveshell and fish speciesare present,but their heavy
metal contentis very high, this endangerstheir survival.Becauseofthe heavymetal content
we classifiedthem into the" vulnerable"categoryof the red list. Before the 6th sampling
site a dam tightensthe river-bed down to Gyula (14th site). The dam is very close to the
river-bed,thus the river ceasesto havea flood area.During the regulationof the river-ways
the bendswere cut through,and becauseof this the overall view of the river resemblesa
canal. On the plain the slow water-run of the river createsfavourable states for the
eutrophication.
The Crigul Negru/FeketeKdrds, like the Crigul Alb is undisturbedonly at its spring
area(8th site).At $tei (9 site) residualand waste-watersflow into the river, and drastically
changethe biocenosis.At the 8th site the rare Plecopteraand Ephemeropteraspeciesand
the Ancylus fluviatilis snail are still present.They have disappearedfrom site 9. The
Trichoptera species,belonging to the Hydropsychidaefamily, and the less sensitive
Ephemeropteraspecieshave survived.At this site, as the water is polluted with organic
matters,the Oligochaetaspecieshave the highest abundancy,especiallythe Limnodrilus
hoffmeisteri and the Tubifex tubifex, the latter appearingonly here and being presentin a
high number.At Borz (1Othsite) we observedhigher diversity.The benthonicfauna is
made up of Ephemeroptera,Odonataand Trichopteraspecies.Similarly, the diversity of
the zooplanktonis due to the betterwater quality. It is herethat the unionid shellsappear
for the first time. The appearanceof the submergedmacrovegetationis indicated by the
high trophic level. Besidesthe biological epurationof the waters,this relatively better
condition due to a strongphysico-chemicalclearing,sincein the Borz Straightthe river has
a fasterwater run and becomesricherin oxygen.At Tinca (l lth site)the slowerrun of the
river placesdown more and more sedimentsand organic matters,this is relevant by the
benthonic fauna and by the content of the zooplankton: the diversity is lower. The
zoobenthonis made up mostly by filtering organismslike Unionida,Tricophtera,which
have great influence in the natural purification. The slow run of the river and the thicker
vegetation.At Zerind(site l2) and
sedimentis dueto the extremegrowthof the submerged
water;this canbe noticed
and
euthrophic
a
slow
(site
indicate
14)
the
associations
at Gyula
especiallyin the compositionof the zooplanktonand the macrophytavegetation.This reach
within a dam-system.
of the CriqulNegru, like the CrigulAlb is canalisedand straightened
382
The upper streamof the Crigul Repede/Sebes
Kdrds (from $aula to the inflow of the
runs down in a steepslope,the water speedreaches1,5m/sec.Although the water is clean
and rich in oxygen, the Plecopteraand Ephemeropteraspecies,which are typical to
mountainregion,aremissing.This fact is probablydue to the deep(sometimes1,5m) and
fast running water. From the defile to the Aleqd locality the river condition is good, it is
stockedby speciescharacteristicto a submountainregion.At Alegd the organicmatter load
is growing, and the human influenceis strong,due to the water-supplyengineeringworks
on the river. BetweenAlegd and Oradeatwo dams have been built and the third is being
constructednow right beforeOradea.The constructionscompletelythe river-bed,between
the two dams the water runs in cementedcanals,which is absolutelyunfavourablefor the
living organisms that assurethe natural purification. In the completed dam-lakes the
depositionof the sedimenthas startedand the first living organismcharacteristicto lake
environmenthave appeared,for examplethe Anodonta cygnaea.On this reach it is in the
old river-bed that we found the most varied benthonic fauna; but this is endangered,
becausethe water is directedto a new, cementedriver-bed.At Fughiu samplingsite the
river-bedpreservesits naturalstate,but water-supplyengineeringworks are in processnear
the river. Here too the riversidegrovesaremissing,and agriculturalterritoriessurroundthe
river-bed. Downstreamto Oradea at Cheresigsite the industrial (this city has a highly
developedchemical industry) and the householdwaste-water,as well as the pollution of
the stock-raisingfarmsleavetheir markson the river biocenosis.While takingthe samples,
we found deadshellswhich indicatepoor water quality. On the plain region to Szeghalom
the eutrophicationprocessis going on; this fact is proved by the greenishcolour of the
water and by the presenceof many aquaticweeds
The river-headof the Barcdu/Berettty6
river is on a hilly region,its water has a very
good quality, it is rich in trout (Salmotruttafario/ to Boghig samplingsite.It can be stated
that the river is very polluted starting from the region of Suplacu de Barcbu, where the
oil-pollution resulting from oil production was very significant, especially in 1994.
Similarly, at S6ntimreuwe still could not find more exigentbenthonicspeciesexceptsome
Odonataspecies;but the quality of the water is improving after the oil-polluted section.
This fact is proved by the presenceof the Sphaeriumrivicola species.The oil-pollution has
not takenplacewithout any consequences.
It is very likely that from this river the following
fish specieshave died out: Leuciscusleuciscus,Gobio kessleri,Sabanejewiaaurata and
Gymnocephalusschraetseri.On the Hungariansectionof the river Berettyo, atszeghalom,
383
the water hasa very slow run, the presenceof the weedsin a large number indicatesa high
trophic level, and the river is stockedby Gastropodaspecies,typical to still waters.We got
ascertainedof the fact that in this river the Anodonta cygnea existed in the recent past,
becausewe found the shellsofyounger and older sampleswith unharmedligament;but we
couldn't identiff living individs. During the researchthe iridescentoil layer came to the
water surfacefrom the disturbedsediment.
The speed of the Kett6s-Kdrcis and H6rmas-Kdr<is rivers, pressed between
dam-system,is very slow. The slow water, together with a high organic and nutritive
content,favours the eutrophication.The high level of eutrophicationis also indicated by
the high contentof chlorophyll-a of the water.
Final conclusions
In the Crig/l(cirrisBasin on the middle and lower reachof the studiedrivers we found
significant human influenceswhich have threemain sources:
l. The absenceof the contiguousforestsand the extensiveagriculturestrongly affect
the rivers.
2. The hydrotechnicalworks (barrages,dam-systemsand dam-lakesand the river
regulationin general)have a negativeeffect on the quality of the water.
3. The industrial and the household waste-water is rather significant in several
sections. Some elements of the fauna are endangeredby a seriously high content of
xenobiontics.
4. In the Basin of the Crig/KdrdsRivers thereare a lot of important areaswich should
be protected, such as: Vadu Crigului Strait, thermal springs at Rdbagani and Baile
Episcopegti,Cefa fish ponds and Rddvaniwood.
Acknowledgments
We wish to thank all the specialistsof the Crig/Kcircisteam for providing information
and thus making possiblethe compilationof this red list. We would also like to expressour
gratitude to the ornithologists Mr. Dan Munteanu and Mr. Zoltin Szombath for their
critical advicein this resPect.
384
The recommendedRed List of the Crig/KArAs RiversBasin
The following red list hasbeencompiled on basisof the suggestionsof this volume's
authors,accordingto the IUCN categorisation.We are awareof the fact that this list is not
complete, and that the included speciesreveal only the momentary condition of the
research.However, we do hope that this red list will serveas the basisof a new and more
elaboratelist.
This red list concernsonly the CrigA(drdsrivers Basin.
Ex : disappeared;cited in the bibliography or make part of a collection,
but not found during the last 50 years.
Pisces
Dybows.(Barcdu)
Gobiol<essleri
Lota lota L. (Barciu)
Aves
Gypsfulvus (Habl.)
Ex? : not found againduring the research
Macrophyta
AcoruscalamusL.
AldrovandavesiculosaL.
polifuliaL.
Andromeda
Ehrh.
Betulapubescens
Carexappropi nqualaSchumacher
CarexlasiocarpaEhrh.
Cladittmmariscus(L.) Pohl.
DroserarotundifoIia L.
Marsi Iia quadrifoIia L.
vulgatumL.
Ophioglossum
alba(L.) Vahl.
Rlrynchospora
SparganiumminimumHill.
L.
Vacciniumoxycoccos
liloffia arrhi:a(L.) Horkel
Heteroptera
ApheIochei rus aestivalrsFabr.
Hydrometra gr aci lenta Horv.
Pisces
Aspiusaspius(L.) (Barceu)
Barbusbarbus (L.) (Barceu)
38s
Chondrostoma nasus (L.) (Barceu)
Cottus gobio L. (Drigan, Barc[u)
Gymnocephalus schr aetser (L.) (Barclu)
Leuciscus idus (L.) (Barcdu)
Leuciscus leuciscus (L.) (Cr. Negru, Repede, Barcdu)
Sabanejewia aurata balcanica (Karam.) (Barcdu)
Zingel streber (Sieb.) (Cr. Repede,Barc[u)
Zingel zingel (L.) (Cr. Repede)
Aves
Falco cherrug Gray
N eophro n p er cnopt e rus (L.)
E:
endangered with immediate disappearance; population drastically reduced
to a critical number, endangered with immediate disappearance (Ex)
if the perturbing factors continue to exist
Macrophyta
Blaclutonia perfoliata (L.) Huds.
Carex pauc ifl ora Lightf.
Hottonia palustris L.
Montia fontana L., (M. vema Necker)
Nymphaealotus L.: var. thermalis (DC.) Tuzs.
Potamogeton obtusifolirs Mert. et Koch
Potamogeton trichoides Cham. et Schlecht.
Salix auritaL.
Salix rosmariniftliaL.
Scheuchzeriapalustris L.
Schoenoplectusmichelianus L. (Dichostylis michelianus (L.) Nees)
Stellari a palus tr is Retz.
Swertia perennis L.
Swertia punctata Baumg.
Vallisneria spiralis L.
Gastropoda
MeIanopsisp arreyssi Phrll.
prevostianusC. Pfeiff.
Theodoxus
Bivalviva
complanalaRoss.
Pseudanodonta
Ephemeroptera
OIigoneuriella r henanaImh.
Pisces
Thymallusthymallus(L.) (Cr. Repede,Drdgan)
386
Amphibia (Cr. Repede and Barcdu)
P elobatesfusczs (Laur.)
Reptilia (Cr. Repede and Barciu)
CoroneI Ia austr i aca Laur.
Elaphe longissima (Laur.)
Emys orbicularis (L.)
Vipera berus (L.)
Aves
OtistardaL.
Pandionhaliadtus(L.)
Falcoperegrinzs (Tunst.)
V: vulnerable;decreasingpopulationdue to antropogenousinfluences.
They may be specieswith still abundantpopulation,
yet becauseof the disturbingfactorsthey are likely to be
to be transferredto the ,,E" category.
Macrophyta
(Jacq.)Palla
Acorelluspannonicus
AlismagramineumLej.
A ngeI ica archangelica L.
Carex magellanicaLam.
Elatine ambigua Wigth.
Elatine hexandraDC.
Elatine hungarica Moesz
Eriophorum vaginatum L.
Limosella aquaticaL.
Menyanthestrifuliata L.
Myosurus minimusL.
NymphaeaalbaL.
Nymphoidespeltata (Gmel.) O. Ktze.
Pedicularis limnogena A. Kern.
Pedicularis palustris L.
Ranunculus circi natus Sibth.
Ranunculuslateriflorus DC.
Ranunculuspeltatus Schrank
Sagittaria subulata (L.) Buch.
Mollusca
Anodonta anatinaL.
MeIanopsis p arraey ssi Phil.
Theodoxusprevostianus L.
Unio crassus Phil.
387
Unio pictorum L.
lJnio tumidus Phil.
Trichoptera(Cr.Alb)
Oecismusmonedula Hagen
Plecoptera
Dinocras cephalotesCurtis
I soperla rivulorum Pictet
Ephemeroptera
Baetis alpinus Pict.
E cdyonurus di sp ar Curt.
Ecdyonurusfluminum Pict.
E cdyonurus i nsigni s Etn.
E cdyonurus venosus F abt.
Ephemera danicaMrd,ll.
H abr oIept oides modest a Hagen
Polymitarcis virgo Oliv.
PotamanthusluteusL.
Pisces
Abramis brama (L.) (Barc6u)
Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch), (Drdgan, Barc6u)
Gobio uranoscopusfrici Vladylav (Cr. Repede)
Salmo truttafario L. (Cr. Alb, Repede,Barciu)
Amphibia (Cr. RePede and Barc6u)
Bombina bombina (L.)
Bufo viridis Laur.
Hyla arborea (L.)
Reptilia (Cr. RePede and Barcdu)
Lacerta viridis (Laur.)
Podarcis muralis (Bilz)
Aves
Anser anser (L.)
Aquila chrysadtos (L.)
Aquila clangaPall.
Aquila heliaca SavignY
Ardea purpureaL.
A sio flammezs (PontoPP.)
Aythya nyroca (Giild.)
Botaurus stellans (L.)
Bubo bubo (L.)
Ciconia nigra (L.)
388
Circadtus gallicus (Gmel.)
Chlidonias hybrida (Pall.)
Crex uex (L.)
Egretta garzetta (L.)
Falco subbuteoL.
Falco vespertinus L.
Grus grus (L.)
H aliadtus al bi cil la (L.)
H ier aadtuspe nnatus (Gmel.)
Nycticorax nycticor ax (L.)
P halacrocorax pygmaezs (Pall.)
Platalea leucorodiaL.
P Iegad isfal ci nellus (L.)
P odi ceps gris eigena (Bodd.)
Ti chodr oma murar i a (L.)
Tytoalba (C.L.Brehm)
R = rare; species with reduced population, which are not yet endangered
by ,,8" or,,V", but the danger is still present.
Macrophyta
Adoxa moschatellinaL.
Aster tripolium L. ssp.pannonictts (Jacq.) Beck
Blysmus compressus(L.) Panz.
CaII i t r i che cophocarpa Sendtn. (C. po lymorpha L6nnr.\
Callitriche palustris L. em. Druce (C. vernaL)
Carex buekii Wimm.
Carex limosaL.
Carex pendula Host.
centaurium linorale (D. Tumer) Gilmour (c. uliginosum (w. et K.) G. Beck)
CentunculusminimusL.
Ceratopohyl lum submersumL.
Chrysanthemumserotinum L.
Dryopteris carthttsiana (Vill.) H. P. Fuchs
Eriophorum gracile Koch
H eracleum palmatum Baumg.
Juncusfilifurmis L.
Juncus gerardi Lois.
Juncus thomassiiTen.
LemnagibbaL.
Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliot
LysimachianemorumL.
Nuphar lutea (L.\ Sibth. et Sm.
Potamogeton lucens L.
Potamogetonpusillus L.
389
Sparganium emersumRehmann (5. simplex Huds.)
Stratiotes aloides L.
Trollius europaeus L.
Valeriana sambucifulla Mikan
Valeriana simplicifolia (Rchb.) Kabath
Zannichellia palustris L.
Rotatoria
B r achio nus bi dentata Anderson
Brachionus bidentata crassispinezs Hauer
Brachionus diversicornis homoceros Wierz.
Brachionus nilsoni Ahlstrom
Cephalodell a fluv iatilrs Zawadowsky
Cephalodell a limo sa (Wulfert)
Cephalodella mucronalz (MYers)
Cephalodella obvia (Donner)
CephalodelIa theodor a Koch-Althaus
Dicranophorus epicharrs (Harring et Myers)
Encentrum w iszniewski (Wulfert)
Encentrum fl uvi ati I is Wulfert
Encentrum oculatum (Harring et Myers)
Encentrum orthodactylzrn (Wulfert)
Eosphora thoaHaning et MYers
Epiphanes macrourus (Barrois et Daday)
H exar thr a fe nni ca (Levander)
Itura viridis (Stenroos)
Lecane ohioensis appendiculala (Levander)
Lecane stichaea Haning
Lindia torulosa Dujardin
Metadiaschiza trigona Rousselet
P aradicranophorus hudsoni (Glascott)
P ostclausa hyptopus (Ehrenberg)
Proales theodora (Gosse)
P seudoharr ingi a si mi I is Fadeew
Ptygura melicerta (Ehlenberg)
Rotaria tridens Montet
Si nantherina pro cera (ThorPe)
Taphrocampa selenura Gosse
Trichocerca agnata Wulfert
Tri chocerca dixon-muf/a/i (Jennings)
Tr i chocerca insignis (Henick)
Trichotria curta (Skorikov)
Bivalvia
SphaeriumcorneumL.
390
Sphaerium lacustre O.F. Mtill.
Sphaerium r iv i cola Lam.
Trichoptera (Cr. Alb)
Oecetisnotata Rambur
Oecetis testaceaCurtis
Setodes punct atus Fabricius
Heteroptera
Chartoscirta cincta Herr.-Schaeff.
Charto scirta cocl<si Curtis
Gerris argentatus Schumm.
Geruis costai Herr.-Schaeff.
Hebrus ruficeps Thom.
L i mnoporu s rufo scuteII atus Latr.
Macrosal dula scotica Curtis
Mac ro sal dul a vari abi I i s Herr.-Schaeff.
Microvel i a py gmaea Duff .
Notonecta viridis Delc.
Saldula melanoscela Fieb.
Saldula palustris Doug.
Saldula pilosella F abr.
Plecoptera
Dino cras megac ephala KAp.
Perla grandis Rambur
Rhabdiopteryx alpina Ktiht.
Rhabdiopteryx neglecta Alb.
Ephemeroptera
Ba€tisfuscatus L.
Badtis muticusL.
Caenis rivulorum Eaton
Epeorus assimilis Etn.
H eptagenia sulp hurea Mtill.
Rhi throgena semicol or ata Curt.
Syphlonurus lacustris Eaton
Coleoptera - Dytiscoidea (Crigul Alb and Negru)
Hyphydrus ovatus (L.)
Ilybius ater (Deg.)
Pisces
Abramis ballerus (L.) (Cr. Alb, Repede,Barcdu,H6,rmasK.)
Abramis sapa (Pall.\ (Cr. Negru, HdrmasK.)
Alburnus alburnus (L.) (Barcdu)
39r
Aspius aspius (L.) (Cr. Repede)
B ar bus pel oponnesiuspeterryi Heckel, (Drigan)
Blicca bjoerkna (L.) (Cr. RePede)
Cobitis taenia danubialis Bacescu(H5rmas K., Barcdu)
Cottus gobio L. (Cr. Alb)
Eudontomyzondanfordi Regan, (Cr. Alb, Negru, Repede,Drdgan)
Gobio kessleri Dybow. (H6rmas K.)
Gymnocephalusbalonii Holcik and Hensel,(Cr. Repede)
Gymnocephaluscernuus (L.) (Cr. Alb, Negru, Repede,Drdgan)
Leuciscus cephalus (L.) (Dr[gan)
Lota lota (L.) (Cr. Alb, Negru, Repede,H6rmasK.)
P ercafluviatilis L. (Barcau)
Phoxinusphoxinus (L.) (Barciu)
Rhodeussericeus (Bloch) (H6rmas K.)
Rutilus rutilus (L.) (Barceu)
Sabanejewia aurata balcanica (Karam.) (H6rmas K.)
Silurus glanis (L.) (Cr. Alb, Negru, Repede)
Stizostedionlucioperca (L.) (Cr. Repede)
Stizostedionvolgense(Gmel.) (Cr. Alb, Negru, Hrlrmas K.)
Vimbavimba (L.) (Hirmas K.)
Zingel streber (Siebold) (H6rmasK.)
Zingel zingel (L.) (Cr. Alb, Negru, H6rmasK.)
Amphibia (Cr. Repede and Barcdu)
Bombina variegara(L.)
Bufo bufo (L.)
Rana arvalis Nilss.
Rana dal mati na (BonaP.)
Rana temporaria (L.)
Salamandra salamandra (L.)
Tr iturus alpes tris (Laur.)
Triturus cristatus (L.)
Triturus vulgaris (L.)
Reptilia (Cr. RePede and Barcbu)
A nguisfragilrs (Nord.)
Laacerta vivipara Jacq.
Natrix tesselata(Laur.)
Aves
Anas streperaL.
Anser albdions (ScoP.)
Anserfabalis (Lath.)
Anthus pratensis (L.)
Apus melba (L.)
Aquila pomarina C.L. Brehm
392
Ardeola ralloides (Scop.)
Aythyafuligula (L.)
Aythya marila (L.\
B ombycilla garrulus (L.)
Calidris alba (Pall.\
Circus aeruginosus (L.\
Clangula hyemalis (L.')
Chl ido nias leucopterus (Temm.)
Dendrocopos minor (L.\
Dryocopus martius (L.)
Egretta alba (L.'1
Emberi:a ciaL.
Ficedula parva (Bechst.)
Gall inago gallinago (L.)
Gavia arctica (L.)
Glareola pratincola (L.)
Himantopus himantopus (L.)
H ippolais icterina (Vieill.)
Hydropro gne tschegreava (Lepechin)
Lanius excubitorL.
Larus fuscus L.
L i micola falcinellus (Pont.)
Luscinia svecica (L.)
Melanittafusca (L.\
Mergus merganserL.
Mergus seruatorL.
Milvus migrans (Bodd.)
Monticola saxatilis (L.)
Numeniusphaeopus (L.)
Pernis apivorus (L.)
Phalaropus lobatus (L.\
Plwialis apricaria (C.L. Brehm)
Pluvialis squatarola (L.)
Podiceps nigricollis C. L. Brehm
Recurvirostra avosetta L.
Remizpendulinus (L.)
Srurmtsroseus (L.\
Tringa lrypoleucosL.
I: undeterminedstatus;speciesin,,E", ,,V" or,,R",
but there is not enoughinformation to define it exactly.
Macrophyta
Polygonum
bistortaL.
RumexstenophyIlus Ldb.
Suaeda
maritima(L.) Dumort
Aves
Arenaria i nterpres(L.\
393
Asio otus (L.)
Bucephala clangula (L.)
Charadrius hiaticula L.
Chlidonias niger (L.\
Dendrocopos medius (L.)
P lectrophenm nival is (L.)
Scolopax rusticolaL.
Sterna albifrons Pall.
Sterna hirundoL.
K:
not well known; species considered to be exposed to danger,
but there is not enough valid information.
Macrophyta
Cicerbita alpina (L.) Wallr.
Cirsium helenioides(L.) Hill. (C. heterophyllum(L.) Hill.)
Iris sibiricaL.
Iris spuriaL.
Moehringia muscosaL.
Myriophyllum verti ci I Iatum L.
Seneciofluv iat ilis Wallr.
SicyosangulataL.
Taraxacumpalustre (Lyons) Symons
Triglochin palustris L.
Trichoptera(Cr.Alb)
Hydropsyche modestaNav6s
Heteroptera
Velia rauliiTam.
Ephemeroptera (Cr. RePede)
Badtis vernus Curt.
Badtis scambusEtn.
H abrophlebia lauta Mc.L'
Torleya belgicaLest.
Aves
Acro cephalus schoenobaenus (L.)
Alcedo atthis (L.)
Anas acutaL.
Anas clypeataL.
Anas creccaL.
Anas penelopeL.
Anthus campestris (L.)
Anthus spinoletta (L.)
394
Apus apus (L.)
Aythyaferina (L.'1
Branta ruficollis (Pall.)
Calidris alpina (L.)
CaI id r isferrugine a (Pont.)
Calidris minuta (Leisl.)
Calidris temminckii (Leisl.)
Caprimulgus europaeus L.
Circus cyaneus (L.)
Circus macrourus (Gmel.)
Circus pygargus (L.)
E mber iza schoenic lus (L.)
Falco columbariusL.
Ficedula albicollis (Temm.)
Ficedula hypoleuca (Pall.)
Haematopus ostralegus L.
Jynx torquillaL.
Lanius minor Gmel.
Larus canus L.
Larus minutus Pall.
Limosa limosa (L.\
LocusteIla luscinio ides (Savi)
LocusteI Ia naevia (Bodd.)
Luscinia megarhynchosC.L. Brehm
Mergus albellus L.
Milvus milvus (L.)
Numenius arquata (L.)
Panurus biarmicus (L.)
Phalacrocorax carbo (L.)
Picoides tridactylus C.L. Brehm
Podiceps auritus (L.)
Porzana parva (Scop.)
Porzana porzana (L.)
Rallus aquaticusL.
Serinus serinus LSterc orar iusparas i t i cus (L.\
Stercorarius pomarinus (Temm.)
StreptopeI i a turtur (L.)
Tadornaferuuginea (Pall.)
Tadorna tadorna (L.)
Tringa erythropus (Pall.)
Tringa glareolaL.
Tringa nebularia (Gunn.)
Tringa ochropus L.
Tri nga stagnati lis (Bechst.)
Tringa totanus (L.)
Andrei Sdrlainy-Kiss and Kunigunda Macalik
University BabeS
D epartm ent of E coIogy- Geneti cs
Str Cliniciilor 5-7.
4300 Cluj
Romania
39s