Secure drones – available technologies for
UAV-ID, Secure geo-fencing and Detect & Avoid
Securing identity and communication of UAVs to safeguard citiziens
Jacques Kruse Brandao
Advocacy Partner Secure Digital Identity
presenters name
COVER PAGE SUBTITLE PLACEHOLDER
U.T.Sec
Nürnberg,
02/03.03.2017
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
AGENDA
1. Why is NXP involved in UAV Solutions?
2. Registration of UAV | Pilot | Insurance | UAV Flight
3. Drone electronic signature solution
4. Secure UAV Operation:
Secure Upload of Geo-fencing Data
Drone2Drone & Drone2X Communication /
Collision Avoidance for Drones
5. Authentication for Operation
6. Restricted Access to defined flight areas
2
EXTERNAL USE
ACCELERATING TECHNOLOGY TRENDS
DRIVE OPPORTUNITIES
Secure Connections for a Smarter World
Everything
Connected
Everything
Smart
Everything
Secure
1B+ additional
consumers online,
30B+ connected
devices
40B+ devices with
intelligence
shipped in 2020
,
Processing
Potential savings to
economy up to
half trillion dollars
Connectivity
3
EXTERNAL USE
Source: Euromonitor; Gartner; ARM Holdings; UBS; Center for Strategic and International Studies;
McAfee, NXP analysis, International Telecommunications Union
Security
NXP UNIQUELY POSITIONED TO DELIVER SECURE SMART
CONNECTED SOLUTIONS
Security Technology
Application
Identification
Device Identification
Certification
Compliance
Cryptography
Acceleration
Network Security
NFC
RFID
Secure Boot
Secure Keys
Secure Memory
Secure Update
Trusted Execution
Environments
Unique Chip Identity
Smart Connected
SMART
HOME
SMART
INDUSTRY
SMART
INFRASTRUCTURE
Security Expertise
WEARABLES
E-Passport Mobile Transactions Banking
4
EXTERNAL USE
SMART
HEALTHCARE
ENABLING THE SECURE CONNECTED CAR
Secure Connected, Self-Driving Cars will
Save >1,3M Road fatalities globally
Surround View
Cross
Traffic
Alert
Traffic Sign
Recognition
Emergency Braking
Pedestrian Detection
Collision Avoidance
Park Assist
Park Assist
Adaptive
Cruise Control
Blind Spot
Detection
Rear
Collision
Warning
Park Assistance/
Surround View
Lane Departure
Warning
Surround
View
…including Big Data
Infrastructure
NXP Offers Complete Secure
ADAS System….
SENSE
Radar
Vision
Secure V2X
5
EXTERNAL USE
Secure
Network
THINK
Processing
Sensor Fusion
Security
Secure
Network
ACT
BIG DATA
Powertrain
Chassis
Braking
Digital Networking
Infrastructure
Security
REGISTRATION & IDENTIFICATION OF UAV/PILOT
1.
Registration of UAV
=> UAV-ID
(e.g. via NFC)
2.
Registration of Pilot
=> ePilotLicense
3.
Registration of Insurance
=> eInsuranceCard
4.
Registration of each UAV flight
=> Flight-ID
Related RFID technology is available and in use in many other segments.

Required: Joint definition of
1. Unique UAV-ID (Serial No / Classification)
2. NFC enabled ePilotLicense (e.g. Pilot Card like eID)
3. NFC enabled Insurance Card
4. Flight registration process
6
EXTERNAL USE
+
THE DRONE REGISTRATION ENFORCEMENT SOLUTION
NXP’s drone registration solution uses low cost NFC technology to easily enforce compliance
7
EXTERNAL USE
NXP Reader within drone housing
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Federal Aviation Administration
Drone registration: N 12345
Model: DJI Phantom III S/N: 935325
Upon registration, consumer receives
official government issued
registration certificate.
Registration certificate comprises
NXP encrypted NFC tag in the form
of an adhesive based label.
Drone microcontroller
NXP tag
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
NXP NFC reader
Federal Aviation Administration
Drone registration: N 12345
Model: DJI Phantom III S/N: 935325
Upon adhesion to drone, drone
certificate is wirelessly read,
certificate is validated and drone
microcontroller enables
functionality.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Federal Aviation Administration
Drone registration: N 12345
Model: DJI Phantom III S/N: 935325
THE DRONE REGISTRATION ENFORCEMENT SOLUTION
NXP’s drone registration solution uses low cost NFC technology to easily enforce compliance
Please see video
9
EXTERNAL USE
DRONE ELECTRONIC SIGNATURE SOLUTION
The NXP electronic signature solution uses NXP Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to obtain a valid signature for delivery
10
EXTERNAL USE
SECURE UAV OPERATION
•
Current UAV’s are manually operated.
− Manual
operation requires visual line of sight (VLOS) and relies on the operator knowledge
of all aviation rules to for example avoid no-flying zones (eg airports)
− Therefore for commercial use, the pilot must have a valid pilot’s license (article)
− Mainly Command and Control operations
•
UAV automation is key to
− Enable
applications which require flying beyond VLOS.
− Remove the requirements for a pilot’s license.
•
UAV automation requires flawless technologies for:
-> Geo-fencing
-> Sense and Avoid
11
EXTERNAL USE
SAFETY
Geofencing technology
12
EXTERNAL USE
GEOFENCING TECHNOLOGY
A geofence is a virtual boundary around a
real-world geographical area (e.g. airport).
Rules to avoid no-flying zones.
1. Receiving of trusted geofencing data
2. Safety: GPS (global positioning system) or
RFID (radio frequency identification)
to enforce a given geo-fence
Source: Synergy World
 Required: joint definition of
1. Unique UAV-ID for Authentication of UAV in the cloud
2. Trusted Geo-fencing Data (Encrypted Data)
3. Secure Data Upload: Secure Communication between UAV and (national) Server
4. Central flight log
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EXTERNAL USE
AUTONOMY
Sense and avoid technologies
DRONE2DRONE & DRONE2X COMMUNICATION
COLLISION AVOIDANCE FOR DRONES
Automated Sense and Avoid: Various technologies like ADS-B/
Radar/ Lidar/ Camera are available
1.
2.
3.
High amount of UAVs will saturate the channel and make it
unreliable
Might interfere with regular aviation
Cost is a mayor driver for this technology as ideally every
DIY UAV should be equipped with this
FAA encourages at least 3 types of communication technology
redundancy
=> Required:
15
EXTERNAL USE
ADS-B
LTE/ Drone2X
Fast Track to Innovation Funding programs
for further R&D and Co-creation projects between
industry, research and aviation authoroties
Drone2Drone
Radar
Lidar\Camera
Key benefits of NXP offering in UAV
The NXP heritage as a trusted leader in automotive, radar, aerospace,
security and motor control provides UAV developers with reliable and
diverse technology Solutions for every level of an Unmanned Aerial
Systems (UAS) project
NXP offers all semi content for low-mid and high end drones:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
16
RFCMOS Radar solution (together with InnoSenT GmbH)
Secure Drone2X is currently only offered by NXP
ADS-B support using Software Defined Radio (SDR) SAF5100
Ease of configuration/locking/unlocking using NFC
Drone Authentication using SMX. Also for communication
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Secure a drone to
1. only operate after successful authentication
2. restrict access to defined flight areas
Proof of concept - Overview
SOLO
Civil Drone
SMT
SIS
Drone securing infrastracture
Identity holder
Secure NFC Controller
eg. PN67V
Secure Element
Smart Drone with Linux-based
Operating System and Autopilot
Feature
18
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Secure storage of pilot
authentication information and
flight restriction zones
NFC reader
Performing NFC communciation
to authenticate the pilot or to
update flight restriction zones
Identity card as flight licence to
operate the drone
Proof of concept – What was done
NXP Processor i.MX6
USB
Yocto Linux
Chameleon
Board
Secure Element
Python 2.6
NFC FlightController Module
Point-In-Polygon
JCOP Applet
TCP/IP
NFC Controller
piNut
2.0
Change Position Listener
NFC Reader
Secure Element Manager
NFC Manager
API
Drone Hardware
HW Interface
Flight Controller Unit
Motors
GPS
Installed on Drone
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COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Software implementations
RFID
Proof of concept – Results (1/2)
•
20
Only operate after NFC authentication to Secure Element
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Proof of concept – Results (2/2)
•
21
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL
Restrict flight areas and allow “hidden walls”
Summary NXP Technology for UAV
Summary NXP Technologies for UAV
Secure UAVs can be fully powered by NXP
s.a. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xLfMEuMjAZE&feature=youtu.be
Summary NXP Technologies for UAV
Secure UAVs can be fully powered by NXP
Summary NXP Technologies for UAV
UAVs can be fully powered by NXP
Comments
Flight Controller
• Secure Microcontrollers
• Sensors
• Secure Autopilot SW
Sense and avoid
• Secure Drone2X
• RADAR
• Sensor Fusion
Future
drone
generation
MATRICE 100
• Current portfolio fits
very well with current
Drone BOM
Rotors
• Microcontrollers
• Motor control SW
• Power MOSFET
Registration/activation
Remote control
• Secure
microcontroller
• Charger
• Video streaming
• Secure ID
• NFC
• BTLE
Future
drone
generation
Interfaces
Battery
•
•
•
•
Power MOSFET
Smart Charging
Wall plug adapter
TVS protection
• HDMI ESD protection
• USB, CAN ESD
protection
• SEMI elements missing
in NXP portfolio is
limited: Camera, IR
sensors, GPS?, Battery
monitor?
• Future drone
generations can benefit
from NXP’s Secure
Drone2X
communication and
RADAR,
registration/activation
ANFORDERUNG AN DIE AUTOMATIERTE MOBILITÄT
Resumée: Voraussetzung für die kontrollierte Nutzung von Drohnen im Hinblick auf
- Hoheit über das UAV, d.h. Sicherstellung des Flugbetriebs und der Funktionalität
- Eindeutige Identifikation
- Aktuelle & korrekte Geo-fencing Daten
ist die Sicherstellung der
 Authentifizierung von Drohnen (UAV-ID)
 Integrität der Daten (flight data, geofencing data)
 Vertraulichkeit der Daten (confidentiality)
 Verschlüsselung der Übertragungskanäle (encryption)
durch zertifizierte Standards.
Nur mit Hilfe von Vertrauen, Transparenz und gleichen rechtliche Rahmenbedingungen für alle
Marktteilnehmer lässt sich Planungssicherheit erreichen und die erfolgreiche Zukunft im Luftraum sichern.
26
EXTERNAL USE
Shape the future, Lead the Dialogue, Get involved.
http://www.nxp.com/uav
https://nxp-rfid.com/electronic-registration-authorization/
Contact: Jacques Kruse Brandao, [email protected]
©2016 NXP Semiconductors
REQUIREMENTS TO AUTONOMOUS MOBILITY
Resumée: Pre-requisite for controlled use of UAVs needs respect towards
- Safety functionality of UAV
- Identification of each UAV
- latest and correct geo-fencing data
is the safe-guard of
 Authentication of UAVs (UAV-ID)
 Data integrity (flight data, geofencing data)
 Confidentiality
 Encryption of the transmission channels
by certified standards.
Only with trust, transparency and the same legal framework for all market participants
there will be planning reliability for a prosperous future of the UAV market with safe flights.
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EXTERNAL USE