King Abdulaziz University
Applied Linguistics – LANE 423 – Section GA & DA
Faculty of Arts and Humanities
Spring 2012
Department of European Languages and Literature
Lecturer: Haifa Alroqi
Questions Bank for Chapter 2
Contributed by: The students of Applied Linguistics/LANE 423/ Section GA and DA, Class of Spring 2012
Reviewed and edited by: Lecturer Haifa Alroqi
Notes:

Definitions are found in the Glossary at the end of the book

The linguists’ names mentioned in the questions below are included. The linguists’ names that are
not mentioned here are NOT included.
Pages 29-30:
1. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer (Answer: See the slides)
a. ……………………………………and ………………………….……… are learner characteristics that allow older
learners to solve problems and engage in discussions about language.
Pages 31-32:
[Please study this part from the slides. I did not receive questions on this part.]
The questions will be in the form of compare and contrast a certain learner characteristic or learning
condition between two different cases (of the four cases found in your textbook).
For example,
Compare and contrast the corrective feedback (on grammar and pronunciation) provided to both young
children acquiring their first language at home and adolescents learning a foreign language at school.
2. Define the following term:
Foreigner Talk (Answer: See the Glossary)
Pages 33-34:
[Please study this part from the slides or the textbook. I did not receive questions on this part.]
* Page 34 in particular is very important. All the definitions, terms, and linguists’ names in this page are
included. Questions might come in the form of:

Fill in the blanks
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
Multiple choice

Definition of terminology (Audiolingual Method and Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis)
Pages 35-36:
[Please study this part from the slides. I did not receive questions on this part.]
All the definitions, terms, and linguists’ names in pp. 35-36 (in the parts found in the slides only) are
included. Questions might come in the form of:

Fill in the blanks

Multiple choice

Definition of terminology (Competence, Performance, and Grammaticality Judgment)
Pages 36-37:
3. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer (Answer: See the slides or the textbook)
a. The ………………………………………………….. refers to a number of hypotheses on SLA that were
proposed by Stephen Krashen (1982) who was influenced by Chomsky’s theory of first language
acquisition.
b. The Monitor Model of SLA, which consists of five hypotheses, was proposed in 1982 by
………………………………………………..
c. ………………………………………………………… is a metaphorical barrier that prevents learners from
acquiring language even when appropriate input is available.
d. According to the ……………………………………………………………….. hypothesis, the acquired system
initiates a speaker's utterance and is responsible for spontaneous language use.
e. The …………………………………………………….. hypothesis was based on the finding that second
language acquisition unfolds in particular sequences just like the case is in first language
acquisition.
f.
The fact that some people who are exposed to large quantities of comprehensible input do not
necessarily acquire a language successfully is account for by Krashen's
…………………………………………… hypothesis.
4. Monitoring of language can only take place under certain conditions. List three of these conditions.
(Answer: See the slides)
5. List the five hypotheses of Krashen’s (1982) Monitor Model. (Answer: See the slides)
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6.
Name and briefly explain each of the hypotheses of Krashen's Monitor Model. (Answer: See the
slides)
7.
Compare between the two terms ‘acquire’ and ‘learn’ according to Krashen's Acquisition-Learning
Hypothesis. (Answer: See the slides or the textbook)
8. According to Stephen Krashen (1982), acquisition occurs when one is exposed to language that is
comprehensible and that contains i + 1.
Explain what Krashen meant by ‘i’ and ‘+1’. (Answer: See the slides)
9.
Choose the correct answers(Answer: See the slides or the textbook)
a. All of the following are correct hypotheses of Krashen's (1982) Monitor Model except:
1. Natural Order Hypothesis
2. Input Hypothesis
3. Critical Period Hypothesis
4. Acquisition-Learning Hypothesis
b. Which of the following about the Monitor Model is false?
1. It was proposed by Chomsky to describe SLA
2. It's influenced by Chomsky's theory of first language acquisition
3. It's described in terms of five hypotheses
4. It's one of the models of second language acquisition.
c. Which of the following about the natural order hypothesis is false:
1. It's one of the hypotheses that were proposed by Stephen Krashen.
2. It's based on the finding that SLA unfolds in predictable sequences
3. It describes the developmental stages that children go through when acquiring their first
language.
4. The language features that are easiest to state are not necessarily the first to be acquired.
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Pages 37-38:
P. 37 was included in the previous part.
[Please study p. 38 from the slides. I did not receive questions on this part.]
All the definitions and terms in p. 38 are included. Questions might come in the form of:

Fill in the blanks

Multiple choice

Definition of terminology (Communicative Language Teaching, Immersion, and Content-Based
Instruction) (Answer: See the Glossary)
Pages 39:
10. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer (Answer: See the slides or the textbook)
a. According the the information-processing model, Norman Segalowitz (2003) suggests that
learners have to ……………………………………….. at first to any aspect of the language that they are
trying to understand or produce.
b. According to the ……………………………………….. model, Norman Segalowitz (2003) suggests that
learners have to pay attention at first to any aspect of the language that they are trying to
understand or produce.
c. ……………………………………….. can give their full attention to the overall meaning of a text or
conversation, whereas ……………………………………….. use more of their attention on processing the
meaning of individual words.
d. The information processing model suggests that there is a limit to the amount of
……………………………………….. we can engage in at one time.
e. Robert DeKeyser (1998, 2001) hypothesized that, through practice …………………….……..
knowledge may become ……………………………. Knowledge.
f.
According to the information processing model, through practice ……………………………………..
(Information that we have and know we have) may become ……………………………………..
(Knowledge that underlies fluent or automatic performance).
11. Define the following terms: (Answer: See the Glossary or the slides)
a. Declarative Knowledge
b. Procedural Knowledge
12. Distinguish between the terms ‘Declarative Knowledge’ and ‘Procedural Knowledge’ by giving a
definition and an example for each. (Answer: See the slides or the textbook)
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Page 40: (Read only)
Pages 41-42:
[Please study this part from the slides. I did not receive questions on this part.] Everything in this part is
included.
Questions might come in the form of:

Fill in the blanks

Multiple choice

Definition of terminology

Short essay questions
Pages 43-44:
Please study this part from the slides. I did not receive questions on this part.]
These two pages are very important. Everything in this part is included. The linguists’ names that are
included are Michael Long and Merrill Swain only. Questions might come in the form of:

Fill in the blanks

Multiple choice

Definition of terminology

Short essay questions
Pages 45-46:
13. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer (Answer: See the slides or the textbook)
a. ………………………………. proposed the ‘noticing hypothesis’, which suggests that nothing is
learned until it has been noticed.
b. Richard Schmidt (1990, 2001) proposed the ………………………………., which suggests that nothing
is learned until it has been noticed.
c. Drawing on psychological learning theories, ………………………………….. hypothesized that second
language learners could not begin to acquire a language feature until they had become aware
of it in the input.
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14. In his Noticing Hypothesis, Schmidt (1990, 2001) found that certain features of language that had
been present in the environment for the whole time began to enter his own second language
system only when he had noticed them. Those features started to be noticeable for two reasons.
What were they?
Pages 47-48:
[Please study this part from the slides. I did not receive questions on this part.]
The linguists’ names that are included are Swain and Lapkin
Questions might come in the form of:

Fill in the blanks (About Swain and Lapkin(2002))

Multiple choice

Definition of terminology (The Comprehensible Output Hypothesis)

Short essay questions (Advantages of collaborative dialogues)
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