UNIT
4
Apply
Lesson 4
Use each word from the previous page to complete
a sentence below.
6. In 1998, a spacecraft was sent to
cameras and other machines to Mars.
7. The spacecraft’s
history of water on Mars.
was to find out about the
8. If Mars once had water, then it might have had
bacteria. These are small things that live
in water.
9. People back on Earth worked to
the spacecraft.
10. Other scientists
good work.
and guide
these people for their
11.
12.
13.
14.
58
UNIT 4 • Lesson 4
Word Structure • Skills Practice 2
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Use four of the words from the previous page in sentences of
your own.
UNIT
4
Lesson 4
Name
Date
Selection Vocabulary
astronaut
(as'•tro•not') n. a
person who is trained to pilot
or be a part of the crew of a
spacecraft (page 80)
Focus
orbit (or'•bit) v. to circle
around a heavenly body,
such as Earth or the moon
(page 82)
gravity (gra'•vΩ•t¥) n. the
commander (kΩm•mand'•ûr) force pulling things toward
n. the captain leading a ship
the center of a body in space,
or voyage (page 80)
such as Earth or the moon
gigantic (jμ•gan'•tik) adj. very (page 84)
big (page 82)
pressure (presh'•ûr) n.
weight of one thing pushing
against another (page 84)
Copyright © SRA/McGraw-Hill. Permission is granted to reproduce this page for
classroom use.
Practice
Use a vocabulary word to complete each
sentence.
1. The ship’s
2. The amount of
run very fast.
told the sailors what to do.
on the moon let astronauts
3. Carrying a heavy backpack puts
shoulders.
4. The
5. Neptune is a
6. Spacecrafts sometimes
Skills Practice 2 • Vocabulary
on your
collected rock samples on the moon.
planet.
Earth.
UNIT 4 • Lesson 4
59
UNIT
4
Lesson 4
Name
Date
Synonyms and Antonyms
Focus
Synonyms are words with the same or nearly the
same meaning. A dictionary or thesaurus can help you
find synonyms for many words.
Example: Cheerleaders scream and clap for the team.
Cheerleaders shout and clap for the team.
(Shout and scream are synonyms.)
Antonyms are words with opposite meanings. Sometimes
a thesaurus will list some antonyms of a word after its
synonyms.
Example: She smiled because she was happy.
She frowned because she was sad.
(Happy and sad are antonyms.)
Copyright © SRA/McGraw-Hill. Permission is granted to reproduce this
page for classroom use.
Practice
Read the following sentence from “Journey to
the Moon.” Then, answer the questions below.
But the astronauts were very excited.
1. Excited means “filled with a strong feeling or emotion.” What emotion
were the astronauts feeling in the sentence?
2. Sometimes a synonym cannot replace the word in a sentence. The
word upset is a synonym of excited. Why would this synonym not make
sense in the above sentence?
Skills Practice 2 • Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics
UNIT 4 • Lesson 4
67
UNIT
4
Apply
Lesson 4
Read the following sentences from “Journey to the Moon.”
Then answer the questions below.
After only two-and-a-half hours on the moon, the two astronauts were
exhausted. They had been awake for 22 hours when they climbed back
into the Eagle.
3. Write a clue from the sentences that could help you know what
exhausted means.
4. Look up two synonyms for the word exhausted in a thesaurus or
dictionary. Write the words below.
5. Substitute one of your synonyms for exhausted in the sentence.
After only two-and-a-half hours on the moon, the two astronauts were
6. Look up two antonyms for exhausted.
7. Substitute one of your antonyms for exhausted in the sentence below.
After only two-and-a-half hours on the moon, the two astronauts were
.
Explain how the antonym changes the sentence’s meaning.
68
UNIT 4 • Lesson 4
Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics • Skills Practice 2
Copyright © SRA/McGraw-Hill. Permission is granted to reproduce this page for classroom use.
.